1. When describing patient mortality between male and female physicians, Krumholz explains,
"all-cause mortality declined from 5.0% in 2003 to 4.5% in 2013 among Medicare
beneficiaries".
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2. Findings show that in primary-care settings, female physicians practice more evidence-based
medicine than men (Baumhäkel, 211).
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3. According to the authors of "Comparison of Hospital Mortality and Readmission Rates for
Medicare Patients Treated by Male vs Female Physicians," if male physicians had as good of
mortality rates as female physicians, than about 32,000 people would be saved every year
(212).
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4. The authors acknowledged that since they only analyzed general surgeons who took care of
Medicare patients, there could be some fault within their data. That being said, this study
and the results may not be applicable to male or female doctors that specialize in certain
fields other than general (212).
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5. Research found by the American Medical Association indicates that female physicians have
lower mortality and patient readmission rates compared to male physicians. However, the
researchers of the study also claim that the severity of illnesses was nearly equal among
male and female physicians, yet patients receiving care from female practitioners continue
to have lower death rates.
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6. Tsugawa et al. conducted a study of the morality of hospital patients based on the doctors
gender and found that "-patient characteristics were balanced between male and female
physicians and that patients of female physicians continued to have lower patient mortality
and readmission rates."(Tsugawa 212).
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7. Tsugawa et al. conduct a study to discover if mortality and readmission rates varies due to
the sex of the doctor. They examine one million Medicaid participants and find that overall,
the mortality and readmission rates are lower if treated by a female physician.
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8. The researchers conducted a study on the relationship between the mortality rate of
patients treated by male and female physicians. After the study, the researchers were able to
conclude that, "With regard to mortality, patients of female physicians had significantly
lower mortality rates than did patients of male physicians in all subgroups except for patients
in the second lowest quintile of expected mortality" (Tsugawa et al.).
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9. On page 211 of the JAMA Internal Medical Journal, Tsugawa, et al. notice that female
internists have a much higher success rate when treating patients, than their male
counterparts. These results are thought to be caused by women's tendencies to practice
medicine based off of evidence and focus on the patients more than males in the same field.
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10.In an article by JAMA Internal Medicine, the authors compare the likelihood of patients who
did not die or were readmitted to the hospital based on the gender of their physician. Y.
Tsugawa states "patients of female physicians had lower mortality for sepsis" (Tsugawa 210).
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11.After analyzing the national sample of Medicare patients, Tsugawa et al. find that older
patients getting care from female have a 30-day lower death rate and readmission than
patients cared for by males. It was concluded across a variety of illnesses and led to believe
that male and females are trained differently.
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12.The doctors from the study discuss the outcome of patients, saying how those treated by
female interns had lower death and lower readmission rates than those of male interns
(Tsugawa,et al. p. 211).
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13.When analyzing their data, collected using hospitalized beneficiaries, researchers Tsugawa et
al. concluded that patients have lower mortality rates with a female physician (212).
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14.After researching the convalescents of male and female physicians, Tsugawa et al. saw
women physicians' patients to having "lower 30-day mortality and readmission rates" (212)
than male doctors' patients.
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