20-21 8th Grade Industrialization_CUA
1
These environmental modifications were made in order to construct —
A
Permanent housing for immigrants in urban areas
B
Canals that linked the Midwest to the Northeast
C
A transcontinental railroad
D
A harbor on the Mississippi River
2
These innovations in agriculture and industry resulted in —
3
F
Higher consumer costs
G
Decreased profits for investors
H
Less consumer choice
J
More efficient production of goods
How did the construction of railroads and canals most benefit Northern industry?
A
increased the flow of Southern products westward
B
increased urbanization in the South and West
C
allowed faster movement of people and products
D
slowed migration to the cities of the North
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4
Which of these best completes the diagram above?
F
The demand for slaves increases in the South.
G
More textile factories are established in the South.
H
The number of European immigrants arriving at southern port cities
increases.
J
More tobacco and food crops are cultivated on southern plantations.
A
less dependence on foreign products
B
more government involvement with businesses
C
less specialized labor and production
D
fewer slaves needed to work in factories
F
Manufactures produced goods to export overseas.
G
Labor unions were formed to protect mill workers.
H
Workers moved closer to manufacturing centers.
J
Industrialists invested in cotton plantations.
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A
It led to increased production of raw cotton in the South.
B
It eliminated the need for slaves to work in the cotton fields.
C
It promoted the rise of factories across the South.
D
It reduced the profits of factory owners producing cotton thread.
F
Northern states had lower population densities
G
Citizenship requirements were less strict
H
Southern states had smaller industrial sectors
J
Governments in the North were less corrupt
A
The use of interchangeable parts encouraged the end of slavery.
B
Whitney’s invention proved ineffective in dividing labor among unskilled workers.
C
Although using interchangeable parts enabled the mass production of identical
weapons, it proved unable to lower costs in other industries.
D
The use of interchangeable parts was applied to other industries.
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9
10
F
increased desire in Europe for American manufactured goods
G
increased industrial production
H
introduction of the American System
J
increased reliance on American manufactured goods
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11
A
building dams
B
digging canals
C
building railroads
D
constructing bridges
F
The building of the railroad system led to expanded opportunities for businesses.
G
Scientific discoveries contributed to increased immigration and an expansion of
slavery.
H
The cotton gin and McCormick's reaper led to the temperance
J
Most inventions during this period had little effect on how and where people
worked
A
by expanding commercial markets of U.S. companies.
B
making it easier for people who work in rural areas to work in urban factories.
C
by strengthen the economic ties between the U.S. and British companies.
D
providing faster communication between corporate leaders and their employees.
F
crew members on cargo ships
G
cloth weavers in textile mills
H
blacksmiths in cottage industries
J
legal counselors in state courts
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13
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15
16
What was one major effect of the opening of the Erie Canal?
A
Rapid growth of cities in the Northeast
B
The number of ships passing through northern ports decreased.
C
Increased in the cost of shipping goods to Europe
D
The volume of trade passing through southern ports increased.
In the 1840's, thousands of Irish immigrants came to the United States seeking to
escape F
a civil war between Catholics and Protestants
G
a famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop
H
a series of violent conflicts between the British and Irish governments
J
a series of small pox epidemics
17
Which type of economy is best described by these characteristics?
A
mercantilism
B
Free Enterprise
C
Substance Farming
D
Communist
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18
Which factor best completes this diagram?
F
New transportation systems
G
Increased government regulation
H
decline in agricultural production
J
19
20
The growth of labor unions
How did the plantation system influence the economic
development of the United States?
A
It prevented the development of industry in the Northeast.
B
It turned the South into a major producer of the cotton used in northern mills.
C
It restricted agricultural expansion in the western territories.
D
It increased federal dependency on tariffs for revenue.
The introduction of interchangeable parts led directly to the
F
formation of the patent system
G
creation of labor unions
H
use of mass-production techniques
J
eight-hour workday
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