Maps and Mapping 1.1 MAPPING CONNECTIONS 1.2 International Connections is involving two or more nations. Local Connections is involving people you know such as family members, friends, neighbours, etc. National Connections is involving countries that are ruled by its own governments. A PLAN AND A SCALE PLAN are a set of two-dimensional diagrams or drawings used to describe a place or an object Map scale refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground. (e.g 1cm on the map equals 30 cm on the ground). You can show scale in three ways; in words – 1cm to 30cm, as a ration – 1:30 and as a line divided into cm. 1.3 MENTAL MAPS Mental map is a map that you make and carry around in your head. You use mental map whenever you’re going somewhere occasionally such as the local supermarket etc. 1.4 REAL MAPS An aerial photo is another version of the photo but taken from the air. A map should have a title, a frame and a key. Some labels and notes and necessary details to show the layout of the area. Grid lines divide the map into squares. 1.5 GRID REFERENCES The vertical line in a grid is called eastings. They travel from east to west. The horizontal line is called the northings. They travelled from south to north. In this case, we read the vertical line first. Grid references makes it easier to find an area in a map. 1.6 DISTANCE 1.7 N,S,E,W N, S, E, W are the four compass points Maps and Mapping 1.8 ORDNANCE SURVEY MAPS Ordnance Survey maps OS maps are maps of places, with lots of details. They use symbols to show things and they have numbered grid lines. 1.9 HEIGHT IN OS MAPS OS map shows height in two ways, contour lines and spot heights. Contour lines join all the places at the same height above sea level. Spot heights give the exact height of a spot, in meters above sea level. If the contour lines are very far apart it means the ground is flat. Where they are close together the ground slopes together. 1.10 GRID LINES AROUND EARTH b) c) d) e) f) a. What are latitudes? Latitudes are imaginary line that runs in an east-west direction parallel to each other. a. What are longitudes? Longitudes are imaginary lines that all start at one pole. a. What is the equator? An equator is a line that runs in the center of the earth and divides the earth into the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere. a. What are the five main lines of latitude and why are they important? Equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle. They are important because they roughly define different climate zones in the world based on how much sunlight each zone gets. a. What is the Prime Meridian? The Prime Meridian is the line that divides the earth into the western hemisphere and the eastern hemisphere. Degrees are divided into minutes – 1 degree = 60 minutes, or 1° = 60’
