Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter discussed the different pieces of literature related to the study of the
developers for gathering information that helped the developers in conducting this study. The
developers used the narrative literature review as the type of literature review, where developers
were able to synthesize the common findings of the pieces of literature used to relate to the topic
Health Management System
The case study by Mohd Salleh et al. (2016) focused on confirming system quality
aspects. omitting variables that are not being evaluated or need to be measured in order to gain a
better grasp of the situation Measurements of system quality must be estimated. Mohd Salleh et
al. claim that The DeLone and McLean success model's generalities offer little in the way of
specifics. alteration of the information system as a result of measurement of particular
information system properties To effectively measure the system's success, a model is required.
For example, consider the category 'use' was ignored because both system and user use were
required. satisfaction Because of the inclusion of system quality and reliability, the exclusion
was essential. The study's goal was to determine how individual impact metrics in user
satisfaction affected user satisfaction. As an individual unit of measure analysis, check system
aspects of system quality. (Mohd Salleh and colleagues, 2016). Mohd Salleh et al., in addition to
the omissions listed above, replaced individual impact with health care provider performance
.
Health Information System
Health and immunization access in selected Asian countries such as Cambodia,
Indonesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Philippines, and Myanmar have low immunization coverage.
This problem is resulting in the outspread of communicable disease outbreaks in Asia. The
“reaching every purok” strategy 9 refers to visitation in every barangay in rural and urban
locations (Grundy et al., 2019).
Exchange of information is needed for all system devices and components to
effectively communicate as intended, providing safe and reliable cohesive information
(Weininger and colleagues, 2016). Health information systems are complicated, and promoting
them is difficult. diverse devices, people, and systems in an efficient HIE (including
subsystems), An enterprise information system's interoperability is critical (Weichhart et
al.).(2016, et al.)
In terms of technology, the paperless feature and the system's capacity to integrate with
existing technologies are enablers for HIS adoption. According to Budget reports, expenses for
paper-based transactions have decreased in the last three years since the system's installation
(Ebardo and Tuazon, 2019). Because the processes involve multiple divisions within the
organization, system integration is critical. Because it can readily interact with many systems
that the company need, HIS provides scalability and flexibility.
Health information system for decision support
The Implementation of a Health Information System along with a Decision Support
System has greatly increased the efficiency of the process from the 10 registration of the users
with different types of access to recommendations of the targets and health programs (Estinar et
al., 2018). The system that is capable of the generation of reports, storage, and consolidation of
patient records will support the recommendation of well-informed decisions along with the
visualized data that can be easily understood by barangay officials and health personnel. The
Decision Support System (DSS) or the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) uses electronic
health records (EHRs) often. These EHRs are administered through a desktop, where the outputs
may not be produced directly on the desktop or it may be linked to a database for EHRs (Sutton
et al., 2020).
The EHRs contain the personal record, medication record, medical histories, examinations,
and procedures taken by a patient (Department of Health, 2013). Doctors use EHRs to have a
better track of a patient’s health information. EHRs make the information to be shared from
doctors to specialists easier, which helps specialists for seeking the information needed from the
patient (Health Information Technology, 2017).
Synthesis of the state of the art
The system presented were obtained from both foreign and local system study that were
made basis for the developed of health management system. It describes some features that are
available on the system but some are not available with the local and foreign study.
According to the journal entitled, Reducing the frequency of errors in medicine using
information technology; appropriate use of information technology in health care resulting in
process simplification could result in substantial improvement in patient safety. The growing
demand for the quality healthcare should carry out planning, monitoring and controlling the
delivery system. This characteristics are the main features of the Barangay Health Management
System.
Thus, the related system shares similar nature to the study but the proponents observed the
lack of features which are important such as management of patients’ health records; automated
management system; secure log-in system; inventory of medicines; generate the monthly reports
to the CHO. Hence, the proposed system includes all the needed features specifically tailored for
olag pequeno Health Center.
Gap Bridged by the Study
In this generation, most of the advantage using the cellphone for reminders is the fact that
patients will bring their cellphone almost anywhere every time, thus decreasing the chances of
forgetting the reminder.
The potential benefits of using the cellphone for health applications include follow-up reminders
and easy to get the record of the patients.
Theoretical framework
This study was anchored on the following theories: (1) Sharon Hurley Hall- February 17, 2016
(2) Headquarters- 2002 theory (3) Nurzety Aqtar Ahmad Azuan- March 2005 theory
The SMS advantages in Health Care institutions wishing to engage with their patients via
SMS should pay attention to these data. SMS can assist with a variety of aspects of the
healthcare process, including delivering appointment and follow-up reminders to patients,
providing information about schedule changes, and providing timely medical advice, among
other things. Because messages are sent to individual phones, SMS has the added benefit of
making communication feel more personal.
It's intended to be a tool that doctors and registrars may use to keep track of their
outpatients. Patient demographics and other critical information for group clinics, such as the
registration process, are designed to give better service to patients. Reduce the registrar's
workload by making all data more accessible without wasting time, as opposed to the manual
procedure of searching the archive for patient data, which takes more effort and time.
SMS Delivers Patient
Support in Many Form
theory
(2016)
Patient Record Management
System theory
2002
Barangay health
management
system
Clinic Management System
outpatient Management
System theory
(2005)
Figure 1
Theoretical Paradigm
Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework shows and indicates the flow of the system and helps the users
and all the readers understand how it will be processed. This study intends to improve the
existing manual way of Barangay Olag Pequeno Health Center. The Barangay Health
Management System is an automated information system that is designed for keeping, and
evaluating the residents’ heath records.
Input - medical record of the patient, making sms notification, population base patient,
monitoring
Process – encoding the records disseminating the information of the patient, efficient to monitor
the household census
Output – health center management system, with sms notification.
Feedback- The process of revising sms notification based on the patient health concern.
Input - medical record of
Process – encoding the
Output – health center
the patient, making sms
records disseminating the
management system, with
notification, population base
information of the patient,
sms notification.
FEEDBACK
Figure 2
Conceptual Framework
This study had four variables that were considered as the key ideas while using the IPO
approaches. These were the designer, the system itself, customers or users, and customer service.
The designer was the person who developed the health center management system as online
support of the community using a web programming language (PHP and other applicable
languages for the system). The purpose of the designer was to build a notification for the
patients. delivering assistance to the customers.
Barangay health center was the output that will be used for resolving the stated problems
of the patients. This will serve as online using sms notification support that can communicate to
patients and help the existing system of the barangay for providing assistance.
The third variable was its users. This includes patients, nurse, and barangay health
worker (BHW). While the patient service was the last variable that will be the
basis of the designer (influence and experience).