ME 323: Mechanics of Materials Spring 2020 Homework Set 12 Due: Wednesday, Apr. 29 Problem 12.1 (10 points) A section is subjected to an axial load π, a torque π and a moment π. It has a diameter 2D. The material is ductile and has a yield stress π% = 150 πππ. Determine the factors of safety using the maximum shear stress theory and the maximum distortion energy theory. Use: π· = 10 ππ, π = 100 π, π = 80 π β π, π = 50 π β π Solution: Point A has the absolute maximum normal stress. π2 = π ππ¦ π π∗π· 100 50 ∗ 0.01 + = − π =− − π = −63.98 πππ 9 9 π΄ πΌ7 ππ· π ∗ 0.01 π·= 0.01= 4 4 π27 = ππ· π ∗ π· 80 ∗ 0.01 = π =− π = −50.93 πππ πΌC π·= 0.01= 2 2 πEFG = π = π2 2 9 + 9 π2I = π2 = −31.99 πππ 2 63.98 − 2 9 + 50.939 = 60.14 πππ Principal stresses: πJ = πEFG + π = −31.99 + 60.14 = 28.15 πππ π9 = 0 πK = πEFG − π = −31.99 − 60.14 = −92.13 πππ Absolute maximum shear stress: πLE2,EMN = πJ − πK = 60.14 πππ 2 Von mises stress: πO = 1 2 πJ − π9 9 + π9 − πK For maximum shear stress theory: Safety factor: ππΉ = π% πLE2,EMN ∗ 2 9 = + πK − πJ = 108.97 πππ 150 = 1.25 120.28 For maximum distortion energy theory: Safety factor: ππΉ = 9 π% 150 = = 1.38 πO 108.97 Problem 12.2 (10 points) For the given stress element, (1) Calculate the three principal stresses, the absolute maximum shear stress πLE2,EMN and the von-Mises stress. (2) If the material is ductile and the yield stress is 75 πππ, determine the factor of safety using the maximum shear stress theory and the maximum distortion energy theory. (3) If the material is brittle, the ultimate tensile stress is 100 πππ and the ultimate compression stress is 120 πππ . Determine the factor of safety using the maximum normal stress theory and Mohr’s failure criterion. Solution: π2 = −10 πππ, πI = 30 πππ, π2I = 15 πππ πEFG = π = π2 − πI 2 9 π2 + πI = 10 πππ 2 9 = + π2I 209 + 159 = 25 πππ (1) Principal stresses: πJ = πEFG + π = 35 πππ π9 = 0 πK = πEFG − π = −15 πππ Absolute maximum shear stress: πLE2,EMN = πJ − πK = 25 πππ 2 Von mises stress: πO = 1 2 πJ − π9 9 + π9 − πK 9 + πK − πJ (2) Ductile material: For maximum-shear-stress theory: Safety factor: ππΉ = π% πLE2,EMN ∗ 2 For maximum distortion energy theory: Safety factor: ππΉ = (3) Brittle material: = 75 = 1.5 50 π% 75 = = 1.69 πO 44.44 9 = 44.44 πππ For maximum normal stress theory: In tension: πST = πJ = 35 πππ Safety factor: ππΉT = In compression: 100 = 2.86 35 πSU = πK = −15 πππ Safety factor: ππΉU = 120 =8 15 So, ππΉ = ππΉT = 2.86 For Mohr’s failure criterion: πJ πK 35 15 − = + = 0.475 100 120 100 120 Safety factor: ππΉ = 1 = 2.11 0.475 Problem 12.3 (10 points) A pipe has outer diameter 4π and inner diameter 2π . The material has a yield stress π% = 200 πππ. If the factor of safety at point A is 2, determine the minimum value of π using the maximum shear stress theory and the maximum distortion energy theory. Solution: πΌC = π [ 2π 2 = − π= ] = 15 = ππ 2 πΌ7 = π [ 2π 4 = − π= ] = 15 = ππ 4 Equilibrium: Y πΉI Yπ (1) = 0 : π − 900 + 900 = 0 = 0 : − 0.2 ∗ 900 − 0.2 ∗ 900 + π = 0 Y π7 = 0 : 0.25 ∗ 900 − 0.15 ∗ 900 + π7 = 0 solving for equations (1), (2) and (3): π=0 π = 360 π β π π7 = −90 π β π stress state at element A: (2) (3) π27 = π ∗ 2π 720π 96 = = K 15 = πΌC πd ππ 2 π2 = − π ∗ 2π 180π 48 = = 15 = ππ K πΌ7 ππ 4 πI = π7 = 0 πI7 = π2I = 0 Principal stresses: πJ,K = π2 + π7 ± 2 π2 − π7 2 9 9 = + π27 24 24 17 ± ππ K ππ K π9 = 0 Absolute maximum shear stress: πLE2,EMN = πJ − πK 24 17 = 2 ππ K For maximum-shear-stress theory: πΉπ = πLE2,EMN = π% =2 2 ∗ πLE2,EMN 200 ∗ 10_ = 50 πππ 2∗2 π = 8.57 ππ Absolute maximum shear stress: πO = 1 2 πJ − π9 9 + π9 − πK 9 + πK − πJ 9 = 48 13 ππ K πΉπ = π% =2 πO 200 ∗ 10_ πO = = 100 πππ 2 π = 8.20 ππ Problem 12.4 (10 points) A horizontal rigid bar DCB is supported by a pin-fixed column AC and is subjected to a uniformly distributed load π. The column AC has a Young’s modulus πΈ and a rectangular cross section as is shown. Consider supports A and C to act as pinned-pinned when buckling in x-y plane and fixedfixed when buckling in y-z plane. Determine the maximum distributed load π can be applied without buckling. Use: πΏ = 2 π, π = 40 ππ, β = 60 ππ, πΈ = 150 πΊππ Solution: FBD: fπ (1) = 0 : π ∗ 2πΏ ∗ 2πΏ − πΉU ∗ 2πΏ = 0 solving for equation (1): πΉU = 2ππΏ For buckling in x-y plane, πΌ7 = 1 βπ K 12 1 9 k K π 9 πΈπΌi π 150 ∗ 10 ∗ 12 0.06 ∗ 0.04 πgh = = = 29.61 ππ πΎπΏ 9 1 ∗ 2πΏ 9 πΉU = 2ππΏ = πgh πgh = πgh = 7.4 ππ/π 2πΏ For buckling in y-z plane, πΌ2 = 1 πβK 12 1 9 k K π 9 πΈπΌi π 150 ∗ 10 ∗ 12 0.04 ∗ 0.06 πgh = = = 266.48 ππ πΎπΏ 9 0.5 ∗ 2πΏ 9 πΉU = 2ππΏ = πgh πgh = πgh = 66.62 ππ/π 2πΏ So, the maximum distributed load π = 7.4 ππ/π