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HW12solution

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ME 323: Mechanics of Materials
Spring 2020
Homework Set 12
Due: Wednesday, Apr. 29
Problem 12.1 (10 points)
A section is subjected to an axial load 𝑃, a torque 𝑇 and a moment 𝑀. It has a diameter 2D. The
material is ductile and has a yield stress 𝜎% = 150 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž. Determine the factors of safety using
the maximum shear stress theory and the maximum distortion energy theory.
Use: 𝐷 = 10 π‘šπ‘š, 𝑃 = 100 𝑁, 𝑇 = 80 𝑁 βˆ™ π‘š, 𝑀 = 50 𝑁 βˆ™ π‘š
Solution:
Point A has the absolute maximum normal stress.
𝜎2 =
𝑃 𝑀𝑦
𝑃
𝑀∗𝐷
100
50 ∗ 0.01
+
=
− πœ‹
=−
− πœ‹
= −63.98 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
9
9
𝐴
𝐼7
πœ‹π·
πœ‹ ∗ 0.01
𝐷=
0.01=
4
4
𝜏27 =
𝑇𝐷 𝑇 ∗ 𝐷
80 ∗ 0.01
= πœ‹
=− πœ‹
= −50.93 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
𝐼C
𝐷=
0.01=
2
2
𝜎EFG =
𝑅=
𝜎2
2
9
+
9
𝜏2I
=
𝜎2
= −31.99 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
2
63.98
−
2
9
+ 50.939 = 60.14 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
Principal stresses:
𝜎J = 𝜎EFG + 𝑅 = −31.99 + 60.14 = 28.15 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
𝜎9 = 0
𝜎K = 𝜎EFG − 𝑅 = −31.99 − 60.14 = −92.13 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
Absolute maximum shear stress:
𝜏LE2,EMN =
𝜎J − 𝜎K
= 60.14 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
2
Von mises stress:
𝜎O =
1
2
𝜎J − 𝜎9
9
+ 𝜎9 − 𝜎K
For maximum shear stress theory:
Safety factor:
𝑆𝐹 =
𝜎%
𝜏LE2,EMN ∗ 2
9
=
+ 𝜎K − 𝜎J
= 108.97 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
150
= 1.25
120.28
For maximum distortion energy theory:
Safety factor:
𝑆𝐹 =
9
𝜎%
150
=
= 1.38
𝜎O 108.97
Problem 12.2 (10 points)
For the given stress element,
(1) Calculate the three principal stresses, the absolute maximum shear stress 𝜏LE2,EMN and
the von-Mises stress.
(2) If the material is ductile and the yield stress is 75 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž, determine the factor of safety
using the maximum shear stress theory and the maximum distortion energy theory.
(3) If the material is brittle, the ultimate tensile stress is 100 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž and the ultimate
compression stress is 120 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž . Determine the factor of safety using the maximum
normal stress theory and Mohr’s failure criterion.
Solution:
𝜎2 = −10 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž, 𝜎I = 30 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž, 𝜏2I = 15 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
𝜎EFG =
𝑅=
𝜎2 − 𝜎I
2
9
𝜎2 + 𝜎I
= 10 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
2
9 =
+ 𝜏2I
209 + 159 = 25 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
(1) Principal stresses:
𝜎J = 𝜎EFG + 𝑅 = 35 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
𝜎9 = 0
𝜎K = 𝜎EFG − 𝑅 = −15 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
Absolute maximum shear stress:
𝜏LE2,EMN =
𝜎J − 𝜎K
= 25 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
2
Von mises stress:
𝜎O =
1
2
𝜎J − 𝜎9
9
+ 𝜎9 − 𝜎K
9
+ 𝜎K − 𝜎J
(2) Ductile material:
For maximum-shear-stress theory:
Safety factor:
𝑆𝐹 =
𝜎%
𝜏LE2,EMN ∗ 2
For maximum distortion energy theory:
Safety factor:
𝑆𝐹 =
(3) Brittle material:
=
75
= 1.5
50
𝜎%
75
=
= 1.69
𝜎O 44.44
9
= 44.44 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
For maximum normal stress theory:
In tension:
𝜎ST = 𝜎J = 35 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
Safety factor:
𝑆𝐹T =
In compression:
100
= 2.86
35
𝜎SU = 𝜎K = −15 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
Safety factor:
𝑆𝐹U =
120
=8
15
So, 𝑆𝐹 = 𝑆𝐹T = 2.86
For Mohr’s failure criterion:
𝜎J
𝜎K
35
15
−
=
+
= 0.475
100 120 100 120
Safety factor:
𝑆𝐹 =
1
= 2.11
0.475
Problem 12.3 (10 points)
A pipe has outer diameter 4𝑑 and inner diameter 2𝑑 . The material has a yield stress 𝜎% =
200 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž. If the factor of safety at point A is 2, determine the minimum value of 𝑑 using the
maximum shear stress theory and the maximum distortion energy theory.
Solution:
𝐼C =
πœ‹
[ 2𝑑
2
=
− 𝑑= ] =
15 =
πœ‹π‘‘
2
𝐼7 =
πœ‹
[ 2𝑑
4
=
− 𝑑= ] =
15 =
πœ‹π‘‘
4
Equilibrium:
Y 𝐹I
Y𝑇
(1)
= 0 : 𝑉 − 900 + 900 = 0
= 0 : − 0.2 ∗ 900 − 0.2 ∗ 900 + 𝑇 = 0
Y 𝑀7
= 0 : 0.25 ∗ 900 − 0.15 ∗ 900 + 𝑀7 = 0
solving for equations (1), (2) and (3):
𝑉=0
𝑇 = 360 𝑁 βˆ™ π‘š
𝑀7 = −90 𝑁 βˆ™ π‘š
stress state at element A:
(2)
(3)
𝜏27 =
𝑇 ∗ 2𝑑
720𝑑
96
=
= K
15 =
𝐼C
πd
πœ‹π‘‘
2
𝜎2 = −
𝑀 ∗ 2𝑑
180𝑑
48
=
=
15 = πœ‹π‘‘ K
𝐼7
πœ‹π‘‘
4
𝜎I = 𝜎7 = 0
𝜏I7 = 𝜏2I = 0
Principal stresses:
𝜎J,K =
𝜎2 + 𝜎7
±
2
𝜎2 − 𝜎7
2
9
9 =
+ 𝜏27
24 24 17
±
πœ‹π‘‘ K
πœ‹π‘‘ K
𝜎9 = 0
Absolute maximum shear stress:
𝜏LE2,EMN =
𝜎J − 𝜎K
24 17
=
2
πœ‹π‘‘ K
For maximum-shear-stress theory:
𝐹𝑆 =
𝜏LE2,EMN =
𝜎%
=2
2 ∗ 𝜏LE2,EMN
200 ∗ 10_
= 50 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
2∗2
𝑑 = 8.57 π‘šπ‘š
Absolute maximum shear stress:
𝜎O =
1
2
𝜎J − 𝜎9
9
+ 𝜎9 − 𝜎K
9
+ 𝜎K − 𝜎J
9
=
48 13
πœ‹π‘‘ K
𝐹𝑆 =
𝜎%
=2
𝜎O
200 ∗ 10_
𝜎O =
= 100 π‘€π‘ƒπ‘Ž
2
𝑑 = 8.20 π‘šπ‘š
Problem 12.4 (10 points)
A horizontal rigid bar DCB is supported by a pin-fixed column AC and is subjected to a uniformly
distributed load π‘ž. The column AC has a Young’s modulus 𝐸 and a rectangular cross section as is
shown. Consider supports A and C to act as pinned-pinned when buckling in x-y plane and fixedfixed when buckling in y-z plane. Determine the maximum distributed load π‘ž can be applied
without buckling.
Use: 𝐿 = 2 π‘š, 𝑏 = 40 π‘šπ‘š, β„Ž = 60 π‘šπ‘š, 𝐸 = 150 πΊπ‘ƒπ‘Ž
Solution:
FBD:
f𝑀
(1)
= 0 : π‘ž ∗ 2𝐿 ∗ 2𝐿 − 𝐹U ∗ 2𝐿 = 0
solving for equation (1):
𝐹U = 2π‘žπΏ
For buckling in x-y plane,
𝐼7 =
1
β„Žπ‘ K
12
1
9
k
K
πœ‹ 9 𝐸𝐼i πœ‹ 150 ∗ 10 ∗ 12 0.06 ∗ 0.04
𝑃gh =
=
= 29.61 π‘˜π‘
𝐾𝐿 9
1 ∗ 2𝐿 9
𝐹U = 2π‘žπΏ = 𝑃gh
π‘žgh =
𝑃gh
= 7.4 π‘˜π‘/π‘š
2𝐿
For buckling in y-z plane,
𝐼2 =
1
π‘β„ŽK
12
1
9
k
K
πœ‹ 9 𝐸𝐼i πœ‹ 150 ∗ 10 ∗ 12 0.04 ∗ 0.06
𝑃gh =
=
= 266.48 π‘˜π‘
𝐾𝐿 9
0.5 ∗ 2𝐿 9
𝐹U = 2π‘žπΏ = 𝑃gh
π‘žgh =
𝑃gh
= 66.62 π‘˜π‘/π‘š
2𝐿
So, the maximum distributed load π‘ž = 7.4 π‘˜π‘/π‘š
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