Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ASSIGNMENT Annotated Bibliography Assignment Shengchao Xie HD FS 129 Course PennState University ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ASSIGNMENT 2 References and Summaries Ono, H., & Yeilding, R. (2009). Marriage, cohabitation and childcare: The US and Sweden. Social indicators research, 93(1), 137-140. The purpose of this article is to answer the question of whether parents in marriage spend more time on child care than parents in cohabitation in both the U.S. and Sweden or only the U.S.? It has in the past been stated that higher levels of parental time investment in their children are linked to the well-being of the children. This suggests that the inequality in child-wellbeing can be ascribed to the inequality in parental investment but social structure. Parental union type is one of the factors closely considered in this study, including married and cohabitating? Some previous studies state that there is little difference in parental investment between marriage and cohabitation while others argue there is significance difference. This study sought to substantiate these findings. Regarding methodology, the study adopts a quantitative analysis using regression analysis of Ordinary Least Square method with the daily minutes mothers and fathers spend on primary child care time for their children aged 0–17 as the dependent variable. Independent variables included union type, sex, and their interaction (UnionTypexSex). The results showed that cohabitation and interaction between sex and cohabitation were not significant determinant of the time spent with children in Sweden while it was statistically significant in the United States. In conclusion, Sweden treats marriage and cohabitation as similar unions while the US treats them as distinct union types. This means that the time spent on child care in both countries vary depending on how they take these two variables. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ASSIGNMENT 3 Vespa, J., & Painter, M. A. (2011). Cohabitation history, marriage, and wealth accumulation. Demography, 48(3), 983-1004. The purpose of this article is to establish the relationship between wealth accumulation and union experiences, such as marriage and cohabitation. The study used data from the a National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 to explore the wealth trajectories of married people and their cohabitation experiences before they got married. The study involved a longitudinal study of a nationally representative U.S. cohort born between 1957 and 1964 and made use of the data from a National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79 that was conducted. A survey method was therefore used. The variable outcome was the net worth after deducting the debts from the assets. The conclusion of the article is that the long-term accumulation of wealth by married individuals is significantly influenced by their relationship history. The individuals who marry their only cohabitating partners were found to have great beneficial marital outcome which was contrary to the findings of literature reviewed.
