POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING INTRODUCED
WEEK 4 & 5
POTIFOLIO TWO
PRACTICAL 2
REMOTE
SENSING
INTRODUCED
WEEK 4 & 5
January 29
2021
This Practical gives the students the fundamentals of remote sensing.
It will make students to be fully conversant with satellite orbits, their
types, their spatial, temporal, spectral and radiometric resolutions,
platforms and sensors. In addition to a conceptual understanding of
remote sensing, students will also be able to able to choose what date
is suitable for which research project. The Satellites on the table here
are: GOES; Landsat; SPOT, Indian Remote Sensing Satellite; Sentinel,
IKONOS and WorldView.
Dr J.G. Maphanyane
[Read & Learn
Fundamentals of
Remote Sensing]
Practical 2 – The Fundamentals of Remote Sensing
Week 4 1/29/2021pg. 0
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
Practical 2 - Guided Learning
Satellites Sensors and Platforms
Date: Weeks 4 & 5
ITEM
Week 4 & 5
Practical Work Starts
15
th
– 26
th
Feb
Week 6
Practical Due Date
1st – 5th Mar
Hand in Class Lab Times
TA: Maphane
Student: Amantle Kudah Natalie Madzete
ID: 201902594
Remote sensing data and its use depends on the characteristics of the platform which carry the
sensor and the capabilities of these sensors.
The objective of this practical is to learn about seven remote sensing platforms and learn about
their characteristics of:
i)
Temporal resolution
ii)
Spatial resolution
Also, it seeks learning of the sensors and their capabilities of:
i)
Spectral resolution
ii)
Radiometric resolution
The students are required to peruse their set books and sieve World Wide Web; Help from their
Lecture Notes and ESRI Prescribed Online Courses answer all the questions given in this
practical
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
A) Part 1: General Knowledge:
Answer all ten questions in this section fully
Please do not copy and paste – read the relevant literature carefully,
understand it and answer the questions using your own words
1) What do you understand by the term astronomical remote sensing?
This is remote sensing that deals with materials, objects and things that
occur beyond earth and out of our imagination.
2) Explain clearly and by giving examples the applications of microscopic
remote sensing in:
a. Medicine
x-radiation, which is a form of electromagnetic radiation, is used to study
human body bones and it cannot penetrate bones, e.g. X-ray scan.
-the gamma rays are also used to kill cancer cells. Microscopic remote
sensing helps in the diagnosis and screening of hematologic and infectious
diseases in a simple and cost-effective way.
b. Geology
Microscopes are used to study rocks. In mineralogy, data from
microscopic remote sensing provides vital input for the primary
formational processes (petrogenesis) of rocks, including the secondary
(diagenetic) processes that have affected the rock after its formation. Such
observations are key for assessing past habitability and the rock’s potential
to store fossil biosignatures.
c. Biology
microwaves are used in a scanner to investigate the wellbeing of an
unborn baby in its mother’s womb. Near infrared and infrared light can be
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Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
utilised to examine plant leaves and their underlying tissues to assess their
physiological condition
d. Agriculture
the ultra violet electromagnetic waves are also used to sterilise milk
without killing its nutrient like heat. . Analysis of the condition of the soil
microbiology and composition.
3) What is Earth resources remote sensing?
It is acquiring information about the earth resources without being in
contact with them. it includes the remote sensing of earth features,
phenomena and resources by aircraft, balloon, rocket and spacecraft.
4) What is climatic remote sensing?
A type of remote sensing that deals with acquiring information about the
climate without being in contact with it. It is a a form of remote sensing
that includes the study of weather, which is temperature, amount of
precipitation or wind, of an area on earth
5) What is land resources remote sensing?
Remote sensing based on information which generally reflect the spectral
characteristics of land surface environment which include vegetation, soil,
surface water body.
6) What is very high-resolution satellite remote sensing?
Satellites which fly at about 650 km above the earth which offer the most
the most extensive collection of high-resolution images.
7) What is photogrammetry?
Photogrammetry is the science of making measurements from
photographs. The input to photogrammetry is photographs, and the output
is typically a map, a drawing, a measurement, or a 3D model of some realworld object or scene.
8) What is aerial photographs
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
This is a process whereby photos are taken by photographing the Earth's
surface or features of its atmosphere or hydrosphere with cameras
mounted on aircraft, rockets, or Earth-orbiting satellites and other
spacecraft.
9) Explain the meaning of the following terms:
a. Temporal resolution
The amount of time needed to revisit and acquire data for the exact same
location.
b. Spatial resolution
refers to the smallest size of a picture that a satellite sensor can capture
clearly.
c. Spectral resolution
It is the ability of the sensor to define wavelength intervals
d. Radiometric resolution
refers to the ability of a sensor to detect differences in energy magnitude.
Sensors with low radiometric resolution are able to detect only relatively
large differences in the amount of energy received, while sensors with
high radiometric resolution are able to detect relatively small differences.
e. What is meant by raw data?
Raw data is the collection of facts and statistics from an experiment,
survey or a sensor that has not yet being processed
10) Explain in your own words and by giving examples
a. What remote sensing is
Studying objects from afar, not being in physical contact with them, by
analysing data obtained by devices or machines. For example, analysing
photographs taken by a camera.
b. What is passive remote sensing?
It is using sun as a source for remote sensing.
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
c. What is active remote sensing?
In active remote sensing a sensor provides its own source of
electromagnetic radiation.
d. List 7 passive remote sensing satellites
Landsat 1
Landsat 2
Landsat 3
Landsat 4
Landsat 5
Landsat 6
Landsat 7
e. list 2 active remote sensing satellites
European RADAR Satellite
Japanese RADAR Satellite
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
B) Part 2 - Information Processing: Read the literature about the Geostationary (NOAAGOES), Indian Remote Sensing (IRS), Landsat System (MSS, TM, and ETM), SPOT,
IKONOS, Worldview, and Sentinel platforms and sensors, decipher the data, process it
into information and complete the following Table 1 Passive Remote Sensing and Table
2 Active Remote Sensing
Table 1: Passive Remote Sensing: Uses Sun’s Energy in the Visible and Infra-Red Window
1
a. Altitude of Platform: 35786km
Geostationary Satellites:
GOES – 16
b. Temporal Resolution of the platform: 15
days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
Band
Pixel Size (μm) and its Color
Pixel Size(km)
uses
a.
1
0.45-0.49
Monitoring
(smoke, dust)
Air
quality
Visible (Blue band)
1
Visible (Red band)
0.5
aerosols
monitoring
through measurements of
aerosol optical depth.
b.
2
0.59-0.69
Daytime monitoring of
clouds.
(0.5km
spatial
resolution).
Volcanic ash monitoring.
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Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
c.
3
0.846-0.885
Near-
Infrared 1
High contrast between water (“Veggie Band”)
and land.
Assess land characteristics
including flooding impacts,
burn scars, and hail swath
damage.
d.
4
1.371-1.386
Near- Infrared (“Cirrus 2
Thin cirrus detection during Band”)
the day as the lower
troposphere is not routinely
sensed.
Volcanic as monitoring.
e.
5
1.58-1.64
Near-
Daytime snow, ice, and
cloud
discrimination
(Snow/ice dark compared to
liquid water clouds)
Input
to
“Snow/Ice
Infrared 1
(“Snow/Ice Band”)
vs.
Cloud” RGB
f.
6
Near- Infrared (“Cloud 2
2.225-2.275
Cloud particle size, snow, Particle Size Band”)
and cloud phase.
Hot
spot
detection
at
emission temperatures of
greater than 600K.
g.
7
3.80-4.00
Infrared
(“Shortwave 2
Low stratus and fog Window Band”)
(especially
when
differenced with the 11.2 –
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
micron IR channel taking
advantage of emissivity
differences)
Fire/hot spot detection and
volcanic ash.
h.
8
5.77-6.6
(“Upper- 2
Infrared
Troposphere WV)
Upper-level
feature
detection (jet stream, waves,
etc.).
i.
9
6.75-7.15
Infrared
(“Mid-Level 2
Troposphere
Mid-level feature detection.
j.
10
7.24-7.44
Band”)
Infrared
(“Low-level 2
Troposphere
Low-level detection (EML,
WV
WV
Band”)
fronts).
k.
11
Infrared (“Cloud-Top 2
8.3-8.7
Cloud-top phase and type Phase Band”)
products derived when
combined with the 11.2 –
and 12.3 – micron channels.
Volcanic
ash
(S02
detection) and dust.
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
l.
12
9.42-9.8
Infrared
(“Ozone 2
Dynamics
near
the Band”)
tropopause
strato-spheric
intrusions (high ozone)
associated
with
cyclogenesis. PV anomaly
applications.
Input to Airmass RGB
m.
13
10.1-10.6
Infrared
(“Clean IR 2
Longwave Band”)
Less
sensitive
to
atmospheric moisture than
the other IR channels. As a
result
brightness
temperatures
are
usually
warmer than traditional IR
as less radiation is absorbed
by water vapor and reemitted at higher altitudes.
n.
14
10.8-11.6
Infrared
The traditional IR window.
(“IR 2
Longwave Band”)
Differenced with the 3.9
micron near IR channel for
low
stratus
and
fog
detection.
o
15
11.8-12.8
IR
(“Dirty
IR 2
Greater
sensitivity
to Longwave Band”)
moisture compared to the
10.3- and 11.2- micron
channels. As a result,
brightness temperatures will
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
be cooler.
Contributes to total PWAT
and low-level moisture.
p
16
IR (“C02 Longwave 2
13.0-13.6
Mean
tropospheric
temperature estimation.
air IR Band”)
Input to RGBs to highlight
high, cold, and likely icy
clouds.
q
r
s
t
2
Landsat Satellite System – United State of America
A.
Multi Spectral Scanner (MSS)
a. Altitude of Platform: 917km
Landsat 1, 2 and 3
Temporal Resolution of the platform:
18
days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
Band
Pixel Size (μm) and its uses Color
Pixel Size(m)
a.
MSS 4
0.5 – 0.6
Green
60 x 80
b.
MSS 5
0.6 – 0.7
Red
60 x 80
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
c.
MSS 6
0.7 – 0.8
Near Infrared
60 x 80
d.
MSS 7
0.8 – 1.1
Near Infrared
60 x 80
e.
B.
b. Altitude of Platform: 705km
Thematic Mapper (TM)
Landsat 4 and 5
c. Temporal Resolution of the platform:
16 days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
a.
Band
Pixel Size(μm) and its uses
Color
Pixel Size(m)
MSS 1
0.5 – 0.6
Green
60 x 80
Red
60 x 80
Near Infrared
60 x 80
-provides
increased
penetration of water bodies
-differentiates soil and rock
surfaces from vegetation
-detects cultural features
-distinguishes forest types
b.
MSS 2
0.6 – 0.7
-detects green reflectance
from healthy vegetation
-separates vegetation from
soil
c.
MSS 3
0.7 – 0.8
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
detect
chlorophyll
absorption in vegetation
-discriminates
vegetation
and soil
d.
MSS 4
0.8 – 1.1
-Detects
Near Infrared
60 x 80
Mid infrared
60 x 80
Far infrared
60 x 80
Mid infrared
60 x 80
water-land
interfaces
-distinguishes
vegetation
varieties and conditions
e.
5
1.55-1.75
-useful for vegetation and
soil moisture studies
Mid infrared
30
-discriminates between rock
and mineral types
f.
6
10.40-12.50
-assist in thermal mapping
-for
soil
moisture
and
vegetation studies
g.
7
2.08-2.35
-discriminates between rock
and mineral types
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
-useful for vegetation and
soil moisture studies
C.
d. Altitude of Platform: 705km
Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM)
Landsat 6 (lost in space, never brought
e. Temporal Resolution of the platform:
back any data) and 7
16 days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
Band
Pixel Size (μm) and its Color
Pixel Size(m)
uses
a.
ETM +1
0.45 – 0.52
Blue – Visible
30 x 30
Soil/vegetation
discrimination,
cultural/urban feature
identification
b.
ETM +2
0.52 – 0.60
Green – Visible
30 x 30
Green
vegetation
mapping
(measures
reflectance
peak),
cultural/urban feature
identification,
cultural/urban feature
identification
c.
ETM+ 3
0.63 – 0.69
Red – Visible
30 x 30
Vegetated
vs.
non-
vegetated
and
plant
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
species discrimination
(plant
chlorophyll
absorption
d.
ETM +4
0.76 – 0.90
Near - infrared
30 x 30
Identification
of
plant/vegetation types,
health, and biomass
content; water body
delineation,
soil
moisture
e.
ETM+ 5
1.55 – 1.75
Short
Infrared
- 30 x 30
Infrared
Discriminating
and
snow
cloud-covered
areas
f.
ETM +6
10.4 – 12.5
Thermal - Thermal
120 x 120
discrimination related
to thermal radiation,
that
is
thermal
mapping
(urban,
water)
g.
ETM+ 7
2.08 – 2.35
Short Infrared-Infrared
30 x 30
Discrimination
of
mineral and rock types
useful for vegetation
and
soil
moisture
studies
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
3
SPOT Satellite System - French
A.
SPOT
f.
Altitude of Platform: 832Km
1, 2 and 3
g. Temporal Resolution of the platform:
26 days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
Band
Pixel Size (μm) and its Color
Pixel Size(m)
uses
a.
Panchromatic
0.51 - 0.73
Blue-green-red
10 x 10
(PLA)
Discrimination
of
mineral and rock types
b.
Band 1
0.50 - 0.59
Green
20 x 20
-detects and forecasts
phenomena involving
climatology
and
oceanography
c.
Band 2
0.61 - 0.68
Red
20 x 20
-monitors
human
activities and natural
phenomena
d.
Band 3
0.79 - 0.89
Near infrared
20 x 20
-improve
the
knowledge
and
management
of
the
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
Earth by explaining
earth resources
B.
h. Altitude of Platform: 822km
SPOT
4 and 5
i.
Temporal Resolution of the platform:
26 days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
a.
Band
Pixel Size(μm) and its uses
Color
Pixel Size(m)
Panchromatic
0.48 - 0.71
Blue-green-red
10 x 10
(PLA
5x5
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
b.
Band 1
0.50 - 0.59
Green
20 x 20
10 x 10
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
c.
Band 2
0.61 - 0.68
Red
20 x 20
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
10 x 10
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
d.
Band 3
0.79 - 0.89
Near infrared
20 x 20
10 x 10
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
e.
Band 4
1.58 - 1.75
Short wave infrared
20 x 20
20 x 20
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
4
Indian Remote Sensing Satellite System (IRS) – India
A.
IRS
j.
Altitude of Platform: 817km
k. Temporal Resolution of the platform:
24 days
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
Band
Electro-magnetic Wave
Color
Pixel Size(m) and its
uses
a.
Panchromatic
-
Blue-green-red
5.8 x 5.8
(PLA)
Urban planning and
mapping applications.
Revisit 24 days
b.
Band 1
Visible light
Green
23 x 23
Vegetation
discrimination,
land-
cover mapping, and
natural
resource
planning. Revisit 24
days
c.
Band 2
Visible light
Red
23 x 23
Vegetation
discrimination,
land-
cover mapping, and
natural
resource
planning. Revisit 24
days
d.
Band 3
Infra-red waves
Near infrared
23 x 23
Vegetation
discrimination,
land-
cover mapping, and
natural
resource
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Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
planning. Revisit 24
days
e.
Band 5
Infra-red waves
Red
188 x 188
Regional
scale
vegetation monitoring,
Revisit 5 days
5
Very High-Resolution Satellites
A.
IKONOS
l.
Altitude of Platform: 681km
m. Temporal Resolution of the platform: 3
days at 40º latitude
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
Band
Electro-magnetic Wave
Color
Pixel Size(m) and its
uses
a.
Panchromatic
Visible light
Blue-green-red
1
(PLA)
Vegetation
urban
mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
b.
Band 1
Visible light
Green
4
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
forestry
c.
Band 2
Visible light
Red
4
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
d.
Band 3
Visible light
Near infrared
4
vegetation
urban mapping
agriculture
and
forestry
e.
Band 4
Infra-red
Near infrared
4
-detects change in the
environment
B.
n. Altitude of Platform: 684 km
GeoEye
o. Temporal Resolution of the platform: 3
days or less
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
Band
Electro-magnetic Wave
Color
Pixel size(nm) and
uses
a.
panchromatic
Visible light
black & white
450-800
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Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
b.
Band 1
Visible light
Blue
450-510
c.
Band 2
Visible light
Green
510-580
d.
Band 3
Visible light
Red
655-690
e.
Band 4
Infra-red
Near infrared
780-920
C.
QUICKBIRD
p. Altitude of Platform: 450 Km
q. Temporal Resolution of the platform: 13-5 days depends on latitude (30º off –
nadir)
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution
and applications
a.
Band
Electro-magnetic Wave
Color
Pixel size(m) and uses
Panchromatic
Visible light
Blue-green-red
0.61 x 0.61
(PLA)
b.
Band 1
Visible light
Blue
2.44 x 2.44
c.
Band 2
Visible light
Green
2.44 x 2.44
d.
Band 3
Visible light
Red
2.44 x 2.44
e.
Band 4
Infra-red
Near infrared
2.44 x 2.44
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
Table 2: Active Remote Sensing Satellites – Generate own Electromagnetic Waves, the
viewing is done by different bands of Microwaves
1
c. Altitude of Platform: 785 km
European RADAR Satellite
ERS - European
d. Temporal Resolution of the platform: 168
days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution and
applications
a.
Band
Pixel Size(cm) and its uses
Color
Pixel Size(m)
C-band
3.75-7.5
Red
30
common
airborne
on
many
research
systems
b.
L-band
15-30
Blue
18
used onboard American
SEASAT and Japanese
JERS-1 satellites and
NASA airborne system
c.
1
-500-590
Green
30
Measures variation in
height above sea level
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Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
and ice
d.
e.
2
Japanese RADAR Satellite Japanese
r.
JERS
Altitude of Platform: 568 Km
s. Temporal Resolution of the platform: 44
days
Spectral Resolution
Spatial Resolution and
applications
a.
Band
Pixel Size(μm) and its uses
Color
Pixel Size(m)
1
0.52-0.60
Visible green
18
Visible red
18
Near infrared
18
-for vegetation surveys, land
use
-for water monitoring
b.
2
0.63-0.69
-absorbs
chlorophyll
for
vegetation differentiation
c.
3
0.76-0.86
-for biomass surveys (nadir
viewing)
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Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
d.
4
0.76-0.86
Near infrared
18
Middle infrared
18
-for biomass surveys
e.
5
1.60-1.71
-detects vegetation moisture
C) Analytical Question Using Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Table 6 and Table 7 compare and
contrast:
Table 3: the advantages of GOES - 8 and IRS
Table 4: the advantages and disadvantages between LANDSAT ETM and
SPOT 5
Table 5: the advantages and disadvantages between SPOT and IKONOS
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
Table 6: the advantages and disadvantages between IKONOS and Aerial
Photographs
Table 7: LANDSAT 7 and ERS
Table 3: GOES -8 and IRS Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
3
GOES - 8
IRS
a.
-Get high temporal resolution data
-is a high-resolution sensor
b.
-make repeated observations over a -is the largest constellation of remote sensing
given area (constant view area)
satellites for civilian use in operation today in the
world
c.
-poor spatial resolution in the polar -maps derived from this satellite imagery are at
regions
scales, which are not always appropriate
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
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Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
Table 4: LANDSAT 7 and SPOT 5 Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
4
LANDSAT 7
SPOT 5
a.
-has affordable data products
-its spectral resolution is sufficient for forest
evaluation
b.
has a larger swath width of 185km, -determines forest/non forest boundary and can
which
is
appropriate
to
regional be done more precisely than by Landsat 7
landscape studies at a scale smaller than
1:100 000
c.
-has high pixel size
-is more suitable than Landsat 7 for forest
mapping and updating at a scale of 1:25 000
d.
-has absolute calibration
-can provide better information for enhanced
cutting delineatiom and identification of soil
scarification activities
e.
-has quicker temporal resolution than -has a finer spatial resolution
spot 5
Disadvantages
f
-collects fewer images to cover the -spot 5 data are more expensive than lands at 7
same area than spot 5 due to larger data
swath width
26
Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
Table 5: SPOT 5 and IKONOS - Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
5
SPOT 5
IKONOS
a.
-its images are achieved through online
catalog
b.
-has a larger pixel size which gives -has a higher resolution which is useful for the
better results in terms of overall mapping of heterogeneous structures as it gives a
accuracy
better representation of the patchiness of the
formations
c.
Disadvantages
d.
-its data is more expensive
-its imagery provides lower overall accuracy
e.
f.
g.
h.
27
Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
i.
j.
Table 6: IKONOS and Aerial Photograph - Compare and Contrast Advantages and
Disadvantages
Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
6
IKONOS
a.
-has
smaller
Aerial Photograph
temporal
resolution -shows everything in detail in an image than with
therefore does not take long time to edit IKONOS
pictures taken compared to aerial
b.
-it takes short time to edit pictures taken
-less expensive
c.
It shows an improvement of land use shows true color of an object
maps spatial accuracy in mountainous
areas
d.
Disadvantages
e.
-more expensive
-it takes longer to edit pictures taken
28
Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
f.
-doesn’t show true color of an object
g.
-doesn’t show everything in detail like Ground features are difficult to identify without
It lacks marginal data
aerial photograph
symbols
h.
It has many distortions
i.
The scale is not uniform
j.
Table 7: LANDSAT 7 and ERS - Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
Compare and Contrast Advantages and Disadvantages
7
LANDSAT 7
ERS
a.
-has quicker temporal resolution
-can be flown on small, readily available and
inexpensive aircraft
b.
-absolute calibration
Cheaper than Landsat 7
c.
29
Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012
POTIFOLIO TWO PRACTICAL 2 REMOTE SENSING 2021
INTRODUCED WEEK 4 & 5
d.
-expensive
-has slower temporal resolution
e.
-has no absolute calibration
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
30
Joyce G. Maphanyane
Monday, February 06, 2012