Acknowledgement:
I, RAHUL PRASAD of class XII –
Section S2 would like to express our
////////sincere gratitude to our
………..
Chemistry teacher
MR. pushp jha,
PGT (Chemistry), for hIS vital
support, guidance and encouragement –
without which
this practical(TERM-2) would not have
……………………come forth.
We would also like to express our
…………………. gratitude to
our school DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL,
GANDHINAGAR (834001).
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that, Practical on Chemistry
(Term-2) is successfully completed by
RAHUL PRASAD of
Class: XII, Division: S2
Roll no. : 13
For the academic year
2021-2022
Signature:
(Subject Teacher)
Internal Examiner.
External Examiner
Principle.
Date:
/
/2022
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INDEX
XII CHEMSTRIY-PROJECT FOR TERM-2
SR. NO
DESCRIPTION
1.
ABSTRACT
2.
DETECTION OF PH
3.
OBSERVATION
4.
TEST FOR CARBON DIOXIDE
5.
EXPERIMENT
6.
OBSERVATION
7.
TEST FOR GLUCOSE
8.
BENIDICTS’S SOLUTION TEST
9.
OBSERVATION
10.
TEST FOR ALCHOL
11.
OBSERVATION
12.
CONCLUSION
13.
DISADVATAGES OF COLD DRINKKS
14.
USES OF COLD DRINKS
15.
BIBILIOGRAPHY
SIGN
3
Abstract
Aim is to find the Content of Cold Drinks Available in the Market.
Cold drinks of different brands are composed of alcohol,
carbohydrates, carbon dioxide phosphate ions etc.
These soft drinks give feeling of warmth, lightness and have a tangy
taste which is liked by everyone.
Carbon dioxide is responsible for the formation of froth on shaking
the bottle.
The carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in water to form carbonic acid
which is also responsible for the tangy taste.
Carbohydrates are the naturally occurring organic compounds and are
major source of energy to our body.
General formula of carbohydrates is CX (H2O)Y.
On the basis of their molecule size carbohydrates are classified as:Monosaccharide, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides.
Glucose is a monosaccharide with formula C6H12O6.
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It occurs in Free State in the ripen grapes in bones and also in many
sweet fruits.
It is also present in human blood to the extent of about 0.1%.
Sucrose is one of the most useful disaccharides in our daily life.
It is widely distributed in nature in juices, seeds and also in flowers of
many plants.
The main source of sucrose is sugar cane juice which contain 15-20 %
sucrose and sugar beet which has about 10-17 %sucrose.
The molecular formula of sucrose is C12H22O11. It is produced by a
mixture of glucose and free dose.
It is non-reducing in nature whereas glucose is reducing.
Cold drinks are a bit acidic in nature and their acidity can be
measured by finding their Ph value.
The pH values also depend upon the acidic contents such as citric
acid and phosphoric acid
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Detection of PH:
SR.NO
NAME OF THE DRINK
OBSERVATION
CONCLISION
1.
COCA COLA
PINK
1-2
2.
SPRITE
ORANGE
3
3.
LIMCA
PINKISH
3-4
4.
FANTA
LIGHT PINK
2-3
1-2 drops of the sample of cold drink of each brand was taken and put
on the pH paper. The change in the color of pH paper was noticed and
was compared with the standard pH scale
OBSERVATION
INFERENCE
Soft drinks are generally acidic because of the presence of citric acid
and phosphoric acid. PH values of cold drink of different brands are
different due to the variation in amount of acidic contents
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Test for Carbon Dioxide
EXPERIMENT
As soon as the bottles were opened, one by one the sample was
passed through lime water. The lime water turned milky.
OBSERVATON
SR. NO NAME OF THE DRINK
TIME TAKEN(SEC.)
CONCLUSION
1.
COCA COLA
26.5
CO2 IS PRESENT
2.
SPRITE
21
CO2 IS PRESENT
3.
LIMCA
36
CO2 IS PRESENT
4.
FANTA
35
CO2 IS PRESENT
INFERENCE
All the soft drinks contain dissolved carbon dioxide in water. The
carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which
is responsible for its tangy taste.
CHEMICAL REACTION INVOLVED
Ca(OH)2 (s) + CO2(g) ---> CaCO3 (s) + H2O(s)
Test For Glucose
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Glucose is a reducing sugar acid. Its presence is detected by the
following test:-
1. BENIDICTS’S SOLUTION TEST:A small sample of cold drink of different brands was taken in a test
tube and a few drops of Benedict’s reagent were added. The test
tube was heated for few seconds. Formation of reddish color
confirms the presence of glucose in cold drinks
OBSERVATION
SR. NO NAME OF THE DRINK
OBSERVATION
CONCLUSION
1.
COCA COLA
REDDISH BROWN
PRECIPITATE
GLUCOSE
PRESENT
2.
SPRITE
REDDISH BROWN
PRECIPITATE
GLUCOSE
PRESENT
3.
LIMCA
REDDISH BROWN
PRECIPITATE
GLUCOSE
PRESENT
4.
FANTA
REDDISH BROWN
PRECIPITATE
GLUCOSE
PRESENT
TEST FOR ALCOHOL
Samples of each brand of cold drinks are taken in sample test tube
and iodine followed by potassium iodide and sodium hydroxide
(NaOH) solution is added to each test tube. Then the test tube are
heated in hot water bath for 30 minutes yellow colored precipitate
confirmed the presence of alcohol in cold drinks
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OBSERVATION
SR. NO NAME OF THE DRINK
OBSERVATION
CONCLUSION
1.
COCA COLA
YELLOW
ALCOHOL PRESENT
2.
SPRITE
YELLOW
ALCOHOL PRESENT
3.
LIMCA
YELLOW
ALCOHOL PRESENT
4.
FANTA
YELLOW
ALCOHOL PRESENT
Conclusion
• After conducting several tests, it was concluded that the different
brands of cold drinks namely 1. Coca cola 2. Sprite 3. Limca 4. Fanta
All contains glucose, alcohol sucrose, phosphate, ions and carbon
dioxide. All are acidic in nature.
On comparing the pH value of different brands coca cola is most
acidic and limca is least acidic of all the four brands taken. pH value
of coca cola is nearly equal to disinfectant which is harmful for body.
CARBON DIOXIDE Among the four samples of cold drinks taken –
sprite has maximum amount of dissolved carbon dioxide and Fanta
has minimum amount of dissolved carbon dioxide.
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DISADVANTAGES OF COLD DRINKS
1. Soft drinks are little more harmful than sugar solution. As they
contain sugar in large amount which cause “diabetes”.
2. Soft drinks can cause weight gain as they interfere with the body’s
natural ability to suppress hunger feeling.
3. Soft drinks have ability to dissolve the calcium so they are also
harmful for our bones.
4. Soft drinks contain “phosphoric acid” which has a pH of 2.8. So
they can dissolve a nail in about 4 days.
5. For transportation of soft drinks syrup the commercial truck must
use the hazardous matter place cards reserved for highly consive
material.
6. Soft drinks have also ability to remove blood so they are very
harmful to our body.
USES OF COLD DRINKS
1. Cold drinks can be used as toilet cleaners.
2. They can remove rust spots from chrome car humpers.
3. They clean corrosion from car battery terminals.
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4. Soft drinks are used as an excellent ‘detergent’ to remove grease
from clothes.
5. They can lose a rusted bolt.
BIBIOGRAPHY
FOLLOWING SITES AND SOFTWARE WERE USED FOR MY PROJECT:1. WWW.GOOGLE.COM
2. WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM
3. WWW.ICBSE.COM
4. MICROSOFT WORD 2013
5. ADOBE READER DC
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