Mirocha
Foot, Ankle, and Lower-Leg
I. Foot and Ankle Anatomy- Bones and Joints
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________________________________ in the foot
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Phalanges ______________________________________
o Toes are numbered __________ (big toe is #1)
o Each toe has three bones (__________________)- distal, middle, proximal
o Toe joints are called interphalangeal joints
o Great toe has two bones underneath called _________________________________
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Metatarsals ______________________________________
o Also numbered 1-5
o Joints between phalanges and metatarsals called metatarsophalangeal joints
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Midfoot _________________________________________
o Contains small bones which articulate and help with foot flexibility and movement
o Cuboid, Navicular, Lateral/Intermediate/Medial cuneiform bones
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Ankle is the joint between talus and calcaneus and the fibula/tibia of the lower leg
o _____________is below the talus (heel bone)
o _______________ attaches to the posterior calcaneus
o _______________ is the distal end of the tibia
o _______________ is the distal end of the fibula
o Ankle is held together by ligaments
 Posterior talofibular ligament, Anterior talofibular ligament, Calcaneofibular
ligament (___________ ankle)
 Deltoid ligament (_____________ ankle)
II. Foot and Ankle Anatomy- Arches
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__________________________________ of the foot that act like shock absorbers
Transverse, medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal
III. Foot and Ankle Anatomy- Muscles and Tendons
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_________________________________ muscle (calf muscle) is primary muscle of foot flexion
____________ is the secondary muscle of foot flexion and gives the leg its posterior width
o Both attach into to calcaneus via the Achilles tendon