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Bioprocess engineering
It is a specialization of chemical engineering or biological engineering.
Continous processing
Continuous processing-including both upstream perfusion and downstream continuous purification processing--remains rare and elusive despite
the fact these technologies have been established for some time.
Concern- Contamination risks
Bacteriophages form the most dangerous contaminants in bacteria used for production while other bacteria, especially sporulating ones, also
pose a threat.
The source of primary infection is usually not easy to detect, and is often impossible to identify unless the contamination originated from serious
equipment failure.
Secondary infections originate from the spread of the causative agent from the area of primary infection in the facility. The entry paths of
secondary contamination to the process are usually much harder to eliminate, as a high load and frequent occurrence of the contaminant may
increase the chances of penetrating the barriers, which otherwise may have successfully stopped infection.
Can be overcome by- analyzing causes and sources of contamination and prevention measures.
Sometimes contamination is not easy to recognise – it may manifest itself with a change in oxygen consumption, optical density growth, pH,
product formation or foaming when compared to uncontaminated processes. Even a viral contamination of the process may not always give
obvious signs, so collecting samples from the processes and performing proper tests is highly recommended. The most recommended option is
testing samples from all process runs for the presence of contaminants.
In case of bacterial contamination- eradication of contamination where it does occur.
Concern- process development control challenges
Can be overcome by- The improvement of control strategies and processes optimization in biotechnology requires the application of analytical
methods, which allow a rapid evaluation of metabolic processes, cell viability, and cell growth in the bioreactor. The FC technique arises as an
ideal and outstanding tool to gain insight into bioprocesses and as a control and optimization system applied to the development of new
strategies for microbial bioprocesses.
Measurement and control of bioprocess parameters start with bioprocess engineers reviewing their production processes in search of process
improvement. Data analysis must be performed on all process steps and outputs, ranging from fermentation processes to the resulting
production titer. This often starts with looking at bioreactor processes like mammalian cell culture and bacterial fermentation.
Explanation
Please refer to solution in this step.
Answer
Bioprocess engineering
It is a specialization of chemical engineering or biological engineering.
Continous processing
Continuous processing-including both upstream perfusion and downstream continuous purification processing--remains rare and elusive despite
the fact these technologies have been established for some time.
Concern- Contamination risks
Bacteriophages form the most dangerous contaminants in bacteria used for production while other bacteria, especially sporulating ones, also
pose a threat.
The source of primary infection is usually not easy to detect, and is often impossible to identify unless the contamination originated from serious
equipment failure.
Secondary infections originate from the spread of the causative agent from the area of primary infection in the facility. The entry paths of
secondary contamination to the process are usually much harder to eliminate, as a high load and frequent occurrence of the contaminant may
increase the chances of penetrating the barriers, which otherwise may have successfully stopped infection.
Can be overcome by- analyzing causes and sources of contamination and prevention measures.
Sometimes contamination is not easy to recognise – it may manifest itself with a change in oxygen consumption, optical density growth, pH,
product formation or foaming when compared to uncontaminated processes. Even a viral contamination of the process may not always give
obvious signs, so collecting samples from the processes and performing proper tests is highly recommended. The most recommended option is
testing samples from all process runs for the presence of contaminants.
In case of bacterial contamination- eradication of contamination where it does occur.
Concern- process development control challenges
Can be overcome by- The improvement of control strategies and processes optimization in biotechnology requires the application of analytical
methods, which allow a rapid evaluation of metabolic processes, cell viability, and cell growth in the bioreactor. The FC technique arises as an
ideal and outstanding tool to gain insight into bioprocesses and as a control and optimization system applied to the development of new
strategies for microbial bioprocesses.
Measurement and control of bioprocess parameters start with bioprocess engineers reviewing their production processes in search of process
improvement. Data analysis must be performed on all process steps and outputs, ranging from fermentation processes to the resulting
production titer. This often starts with looking at bioreactor processes like mammalian cell culture and bacterial fermentation.
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2/27/22, 1:03 PM
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Discuss Some Of The Challenges (2 Or 3) Of Bioproc... | Chegg.com
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