Class: Sulfonamide Antibiotics
Indications
Examples:
Urinary tract infection
(often combined with
Bacteriostatic, broad-spectrum
antibiotic that interferes with the
bacterial synthesis of folic acid.
trimethoprim to become Bactrim)
Targets gram + / gram -
Sulfamethoxazole
Respiratory infection
Mechanism of Action
MRSA
Prophylaxis and treatment of
opportunistic infections in HIV
patients
The
Adverse Effects
Contraindications
photosensitivity, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, rash, epidermal necrolysis,
anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatoxicity,
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, headache,
urticaria, cough, convulsions, crystalluria,
toxic nephritis, peripheral neuritis
Known Drug allergy
Pregnancy
Mechanism of
Action can lead
to adverse effects
Infants under 2 months of age
Nursing Considerations
Monitor for hypoglycemia if taking oral sulfonylureas for DMII.
Increase fluid intake by 2-3 L/day to prevent crystalluria.
The nurse should take
steps to prevent or treat
adverse reactions
Monitor for rash because it could be a reaction.
Give medication with full 8 oz. glass of water.
Give medication with food if GI upset occurs.
Monitor for increased toxicity if patient is taking phenytoin.
Monitor for increased anticoagulant effects if patient taking warfarin.
Reference: Lilley, Collins, Harrington, Snyder. (2011). Pharmacology and the Nursing Process. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, Elsevier Inc.
Educate patient about photosensitivity.
I