NCMB312 LEC WEEK 13 COURSE TASK 7
ETIOLOGIC AGENT
BREEDING PLACES
DENGUE FEVER
Aedes aegypti
➔
➔
➔
➔
➔
➔
➔
➔
➔
Plastic tanks
Leaves
Water storage jars
Cement tanks
Flower vases
Curing tanks
Glasses
Rubber tires
Plastic bottles.
NURSING MANAGEMENT
Nursing management
- Blood pressure
monitoring.
- Monitoring pain.
- Vascular access.
Maintain patency of
vascular access for fluid
administration or blood
replacement as
indicated.
- Medication regimen.
There must be a
periodic review of the
medication regimen of
the client to identify
medications that might
exacerbate bleeding
problems.
- Fluid replacement.
Establish 24-hour fluid
replacement needs.
- Managing nose bleeds.
Elevate the position of
the patient and apply an
ice bag to the bridge of
the nose and to the
forehead.
- Trendelenburg position.
Place the patient in
Trendelenburg position
to restore blood volume
to the head.
Preventive measures
- Search and destroy by
sustaining vector control
measures.
- Self protection
measures.
- Seek early consultation.
- Say no to indiscriminate
fogging but support
fogging, spraying, and
misting in hot spot
areas.
- Sustain hydration.
FILARIASIS
Aedes poecilus
Banana axils
MALARIA
➔ Water path
Anopheles mosquito
➔ Crevice
➔ water puddle
➔ cement mortar pond
Nursing management
- Monitor the client’s vital
signs, particularly the
temperature.
- Assess skin color and
integrity. Note for
wounds, bleeding, or
any skin changes.
- Assess for any
discomfort and pain.
- Provide wound care.
- Elevate affected body
area to reduce swelling.
- Administer medications
if ordered and discuss
them to the client.
- Provide support to
perform basic activities.
- Encourage a range of
motion and simple
exercises of the affected
extremities to stimulate
lymphatic flow.
- Recognize the client’s
self-esteem needs.
- Provide health teaching
and information for
continuity of care.
Preventive measures
- At night, sleep in an airconditioned room or
sleep under a mosquito
net.
- Between dusk and
dawn, wear long sleeves
and trousers and use
mosquito repellent on
exposed skin.
Nursing management
➢ Improve body
temperature.
- Warm water
compress on
forehead and
both axilla (not
more than 15
minutes each
time)
- Maintain warm
environment by
using warm
blankets,
adequate
clothing)
- Patients may
sweat
excessively,
make sure to
avoid exposing
patients to wet
clothes and
linens.
- Administration of
antipyretic drugs
as ordered.
➢ Improve tissue
perfusion.
- Patients may
need
supplemental
oxygen if the
condition is
severe; maintain
a well-ventilated
room.
- Head of the bed
at 30º.
- Lessen activities
that require
moderate to high
exertion.
➢ Improve fluid volume.
- Expect loss of
fluid through
sweat.
- Provide
information about
fluid balance and
guidelines for
fluid
replacement.
- Encourage
increase in oral
fluid intake.
- Administer
parenteral fluids
as ordered.
➢ Educate the patient and
family.
-
Review the
disease process
and therapy,
focusing on the
patient's
concerns.
- Discuss the
importance of
adhering to
therapy.
- Go over
medication,
purpose,
frequency,
dosage, and side
effects.
- Have a family
member or
trusted individual
listen to and
understand
guidelines of
treatment as the
patient chooses.
Preventive measures
- Chemically-treated
mosquito nets.
- Larvae-eating fish.
- Environmental
sanitation.
- Anti-mosquito soap.
- Natural anti-mosquito
plants.
ENCEPHALITIS
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
➔ Water pools
➔ Flooded rice fields.
Nursing management
- Provide comfort by
keeping patients in a
quiet, well ventilated
room; encourage oral
hygiene and bed bath.
- Prevent complications
thru turning the patient
at least every 2 hours,
encourage increased
oral fluid intake,
encourage high caloric
diet, and moisten lips
with mineral oil.
- Monitor intake and
output.
Preventive measures
- Identification of vectors.
- Eliminating breeding
grounds.
- Destruction of larvae.
- Screening homes.
- Use of repellents.
Resources:
https://rnspeak.com/filariasis-nursing-management/
https://nurseslabs.com/malaria/
https://nurseslabs.com/dengue-hemorrhagic-fever/