ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE:
System Disorder
Laycen Boumaig , Tayler Tobin
STUDENT NAME______________________________________
Osteoarthritis
DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS___________________________________________________________
Alterations in
Health (Diagnosis)
Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease that affects
the joints and bones around the joints. Develops
due to deterioration of cartilage specifically the
Articular cartilage.
Pathophysiology Related
to Client Problem
The pathogenesis of OA involves a degradation of cartilage and
remodeling of bone due to an active response of chondrocytes in the
articular cartilage and the inflammatory cells in the surrounding
tissues. The release of enzymes from these cells break down
collagen destroying the articular cartilage resulting in a progressing
loss of join space.
REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER____________
Health Promotion and
Disease Prevention
- Weight Control
- Exercise
- Avoid repeated joint injuries
- healthy nutrition rich with Omega fatty acids and vitamin D
ASSESSMENT
SAFETY
CONSIDERATIONS
Risk Factors
Expected Findings
- Age -- The risk of developing OA increases with age
- Joint injury or overuse -- Injury or overuse, such as knee
bending and repetitive stress on a joint
- Gender -- Women are more likely to develop OA than men
- Obesity -- Extra weight puts more stress on joints
- Genetics -- People who have family members with OA are
more likely to develop OA
Laboratory Tests
- Outgrowths "bony" from bone spurs
- Sunrise stiffness
- Tenderness on palpation
- Experience crepitus ( grating sounds or sensation during
activities or movements)
- Only the joints: Weight bearing, not systemic and not
symmetrical-requirement
Diagnostic Procedures
There is no blood test for osteoarthritis but a blood test
can be helpful in screening for secondary synovitis.
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and
high-sensitivity C-reactive
protein (hsCRP) may be slightly elevated when
secondary synovitis occurs.
- symptoms
- physical examination
- Ultrasound
- X-rays
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Arthroscopy -- is a surgical technique whereby a doctor
inserts a viewing tube into the joint space
PATIENT-CENTERED CARE
Nursing Care
-Maintain or improve a level of mobility and
activity that allows patient to function
independently with or w/o assistive device
-If needed consult and collaborate with PT and
OT
-Promotion of ADLs
Therapeutic Procedures
-Rest balanced with exercise
-Joint positioning
-Heat or cold applications
-Stem cell therapies
-Platelet-rich plasma (stimulates regeneration of
cartilage, reduces pain, and improves joint
function)
- Join realignment
- join replacement: hip/knees
ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES
- Assess complaints
of pain; note the
location and intensity
of pain.
- Encourage clients to
frequently change
positions
- Avoiding high
impact exercises:
running/joguing
- Assess for
hypertension if PT is
taking Glucosamine
- Give the drug prior
to activity.
- Fall risk precautions
Complications
Medications
- Intra-articular
injections(injection
within the joins):
Corticosteroids to
reduce inflammation
of tendons and
ligaments.
- Glucosamine
decrease sign and
symptoms and
improves functions.
- Pain relief: Nsaids,
Tylenol, topical
creams, controlled
substances.
Client Education
-maintain proper nutrition to prevent obesity
-Take care to avoid injuries, especially those that occur from professional or
amateur sports
-Take adequate work breaks to rest joints in jobs where repetitive motion or
joint stress is common
-stay active and maintain a healthy lifestyle
- liver enzyme levels may be monitored while taking a drug with
acetaminophen in it, anything over 3,000mg daily can cause liver damage
-Teach the patient how to apply the lidocaine patch.
-to reposition joints, use proper posture when standing and sitting, wear
supportive shoes, suggest hot showers and baths, hot packs, or compresses.
-teach pt. to check temp. of heat and to make sure its not to heavy to cause
burns
Interprofessional Care
-managing persistent pain
1. Planning; expected outcomes: the pt. is expected to
have a pain level that is acceptable to the patient.
2. Interventions. No drug therapy can influence the
course of OA. Optimal management of patients with OA
requires combination of therapies to manage persistent
pain. Do assessment before and after interventions.
3. Nonsurgical management-drug therapy (reduces
pain and inflammation).
- gaining
weight-could make it
worse
- Not being to care for
self May develop
depression or anxiety
- Not being able to
get rid of the
pain-resulting in total
joint arthroplasty
(infection,
inflammation,
uncontrolled
diabetes, or
hypertension)
Therapeutic Procedure
A11