Prevalence of low phosphorus (P) condition is a mission faced via 30% of the sector’s arable
soils that replicate at the crop health1. While some parts of the world overuse P fertilizers
inflicting eutrophication of lakes and coastal waters, the bulk of the developing world has
confined get right of entry to to P fertilizers that cause negative crop health2. In India, fifty
three% of the soils are categorized as ‘low’ in to be had P, 30% of the soils as ‘slight’ and most
effective 12% of soils having ‘high’ level of to be had phosphorus3. Phosphorus is taken into
consideration as a critical nutrient for the growth and improvement of vegetation and animals.
The sustainable increase of agriculture is based on green and economic utility of fertilizers,
mainly P fertilizers, due to finite natural resource within the form of high-grade rock phosphates.
The international P cycle is specifically driven through lack of P from the sector due to soil
erosion and its fixation that turns into unavailable to plants4 and causes significant pollutants,
and elimination of soil P in the shape of harvested plant products5. Among the harvested
products, cereal grains percentage maximum plant phosphorus6. Further, it is pertinent to word
that P in rice grains is saved especially inside the form of phytate, which is considered as an antinutrient, limiting the bioavailability of micronutrients like iron and zinc7. Therefore, reducing
the P reserves in cereal grains without compromising the yield and the seedling power in
subsequent era can be one of the maximum possible strategies to make the agriculture
sustainable with admire to P fertilizers5,8. In case of rice, 60–eighty% of overall plant P is
reserved in grains at maturity9. Breeding for low-P seed trait is not advocated because of the
early research suggesting that seed P reserves are vital for seedling energy, crop status quo and
yield because it undoubtedly regulates root development, and acquisition of growth-limiting
sources including nutrient and water10,eleven,12,thirteen,14. However, those research have been
challenged by using exclusive agencies suggesting that external soil P supplementation
neutralizes the poor consequences of seed P concentration on seedling vigour12,15,16.
Therefore, soil P status however no longer the seed P fame may be the most important element
influencing seedling vigour8,9,17,18,19. The principal arguments for purchasing contradictory
results had been based totally at the methods and materials used for these studies15,17. The low
P seeds obtained from P poor soils20,21,22 or unique environment8 or hydroponic methods16
can also lead to artefacts in seed fine and impair different parameters, besides the P attention of
the seeds. These studies certainly increase medical questions that want further research: (1) Does
the seed P degree have any position in seedling vigor whilst seeds are sown in soil with enough
or deficient P? (2) Can the depletion of P from soil be reduced by lowering the seed P
concentration? (three) Can the mutants which have less seed P, however no compromise on
seedling power be developed to facilitate the breeding packages? In order to address those
questions, in the present examine, the use of the EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) prompted
mutants of rice cultivar Nagina2223,24, we diagnosed the mutants having differential potential
to store grain P while grown on low P soil condition. Notably, these mutants did now not show
any difference in grain P awareness when grown in soil with normal P stages. Thirty such
mutants had been used to analyze the consequences of seed P awareness on seedling energy and
different physiological strategies. Few ability mutants showing least impact of seed P
concentration on seedling vigour and related trends have been diagnosed which may be used in
breeding packages aiming to reduce the seed P content material thereby lowering the soil P
depletion.