PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY – MINDANAO Bachelor in Physical and Health Education CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH PROCEDURE Qualitative Design and Methodology The researchers will utilize a qualitative research design for this study. This method will help them determine the challenges and opportunities of the Physical and Health Education teachers in terms of the new learning modality brought about by the pandemic. This will help the researchers conceptualize the ideas and data by situating themselves into the participant's values and assumptions (Morcom, 2014); thus it will be possible to obtain multiple perspectives. This approach enhances the quality of the data and insights generated since it is an open-ended approach which means too much ideas and concepts that leads the study to any possible result (Talbot, 2015) Phenomenology approach will be used to be able to describe the essence of the phenomenon and how it lend challenges and opportunities to those who have experienced it. Moreover, by looking into the experiences described by the participants, researchers will be able to identify the data needed for the study objectives. This design has strong philosophical underpinnings and typically involves conducting interviews (Giorgi, 2009). PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY – MINDANAO Bachelor in Physical and Health Education Research Site This study will be conducted in Agusan del Sur National High School. This area is selected for its efficiency in realizing the study's significance among Bachelor in Physical and Health Education students of Philippine Normal University-Mindanao the Multicultural Education Hub located at Poblacion, Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur to decipher timely and relevant strategies of teaching MAPEH in the new learning modalities during the pandemic. Selection Criteria and Participants The researchers will use the purposive sampling technique in selecting respondents from a specific population. The main objective of a purposive sample is to produce a sample that can be logically assumed to be representative of the population and is a type of nonprobability sample. Thus, there is no formula to be used (Pabayo, et. al, 2017). Sample members will be selected on the basis of their knowledge, relationships, and expertise regarding a research subject. The study will be administered to the MAPEH teachers of Agusan del Sur National High School in the school year 2021-2022. For respondents' qualifications, the researchers made these criteria; must have a degree in BSED with Music, Arts, PE, and Health subject, must be a Licensed Professional Teacher, must be teaching MAPEH subject in Agusan del Sur National, at least five years in service, and must be a regular teacher in public schools. PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY – MINDANAO Bachelor in Physical and Health Education Data collection Online interviews will be organized as an instrument to use in this study. The draft of the questions will be formulated based on the researchers' readings and works of literature in relevance to the topic. In preparation of the instrument, consideration of the profile of the respondents and analyzing the questions carefully to have a good data collection instrument will be considered. For instance, a statement describing the situations or issues pertaining will be toned down to accommodate the knowledge preparedness of the respondents. Structured and open-ended questions are provided to allow respondents to use their terms and direct their responses at their convenience. In this way, the researchers can prove that the response is valid and accurate. The data gathering will proceed after the selected respondents approve the researchers' letter of consent through Google Form. The respondents will be interviewed either through google form, email, messenger application, or phone call for their preference. The respondents are given enough time to answer the questions to prevent hasty responses. Respondents can assure that data provided to the researchers will remain confidential. PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY – MINDANAO Bachelor in Physical and Health Education Data Analysis The data collected will be analyzed using thematic analysis by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. It is a six-step process: Familiarization, Coding, Generating themes, Reviewing themes, Defining and naming themes, and Writing up. The researchers will examine the data to identify common themes – topics, ideas, and patterns of meaning that come up repeatedly. The familiarization phase involves transcribing data, reading, and re-reading, noting down initial codes. Coding is the phase that includes coding interesting features of the data in a systematic fashion across the data set, collating data relevant to each code. On the other hand, generating themes includes collating codes into potential themes and gathering all data relevant to each potential themes. The phase of reviewing themes involves checking if the themes work in relation to the coded extracts and the entire data set. The next phase is defining and naming themes; it includes ongoing analysis to refine the specifics of each theme and generation of clear name for each theme. Finally, the writing up phase is the final opportunity for analysis selecting appropriate extracts, discussion of the analysis, relating it to research question or literature, and producing a report. PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY – MINDANAO Bachelor in Physical and Health Education Role of Researcher In this study, the Researchers' role is to attempt accessing the thoughts of the study participants, putting into account the relevance and validity of the data collection procedure together with the research instrument through conducting a pilot test. In seeking conclusions to the underlying study, data is being collected by a procedure of data gathering, and the researchers' primary responsibility is to safeguard participants and their data. On the other hand, be open and receptive to the information from the participants to avoid bias in results in analyzing data. In addition, the researchers are accountable for presenting findings to a research panel for approval. Methods of Validation The research instrument will be validated first before the actual gathering of data. To validate the instrument, the researchers will subject the interview guide to experts specializing in Physical Education, Research and Language then modifications will be made to make sure that the items are appropriate. The researchers will then conduct a dry run to identify problems with the data collection instrument and find possible solutions. Afterwards, the instrument will then be subjected for the approval of the research instructor then the data collection procedure will begin. To ensure the validity of the data gathered, the researchers will guarantee that the transcribed transcripts corresponds to the respondent's response. PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY – MINDANAO Bachelor in Physical and Health Education Potential Ethical Issues The researchers aim to conduct the study strictly following protocols and full awareness of the ethics needed to complete the research. Such includes maintaining the intellectual property rights of sources from fellow researchers, authors, and other scholars. It is vital to grant proper credits to the contributions of the said sources to promote collaborative work values. To do so allows the creator of the intellectual property to be fully acknowledged and recognized. The obligation of the researcher is to maintain the confidentiality of the respondents is upheld to protect the privacy of the involved persons, to build trust and rapport with the participants of the study. All the participants' information will be kept confidential. Their names and other personal data will be coded and not disclosed when the results are discussed to protect the participants' privacy. The respondents' consent will be sent through a google form by the researchers and will be approved before answering the interview. The respondents have the right to decline participation and withdraw from the research after it has begun and the consequences of doing so. The purpose and objectives of the study will be discussed with the participants and the advantages and disadvantages of their participation in the study. The data gathered after the research study will be stored by archiving data through google drive. Data collected will be kept in a private restricted folder in google drive and can only be accessed by the data in charge of the researchers.
