Health Education
Practical part
Prepared by
Community health and
Geriatric nursing staff
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Health Education Program
Outline:
Definition of program
Purpose of planning health education program
Steps of health education program
Planning process steps,” summarizes the steps
Application for health education program
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Definition of Program
A program is defined as a series of activities supported
by a group of resources intended to achieve specific
outcomes among particular target groups
Purpose of planning Health Education program
to match resources to the problem intended to solve
Ensure the best use of scarce resources.
help avoid duplication of activities. For example,
you wouldn’t offer health education to households
on the same topic at every visit.
priorities needs and activities.
This is useful because your community may have a lot
of problems, but not the resources or the capacity to
solve all these problems at the same time. Finally,
planning enables you to think about how to develop the
best methods with which to solve a problem.
Steps of Health Education program
Regardless of what planning model is used, there
are essential elements common to the designing a health
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education program targeting a specific health problem.
The essential components of A program plan include
the following:
The six key steps in a planning process are listed below.
1. Establish the planning team.
2. Assess health problems and service needs.
3. Set goals and objectives.
4. Develop an action plan.
5. Implement the plan.
6. Evaluate effectiveness of the planning process and
program.
“Planning Process Steps,” summarizes the steps
1) Establishing a planning group:
This may or may not be needed depending on the
program focus. Planning groups can include both
internal and external members of the organization.
External
members
may
include
other
health
professionals, stakeholders, volunteers, and members
of the target audience. The planning group may be a
county coalition or health council that has identified a
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health problem unique to the community and wants to
pool county resources to address the problem.
Advantage of a planning group
A) The multi-disciplinary nature,
B) the variety resources (educational, professional
and dollars)
C) Different channels to the target audience, and
experience with the target audience.
Disadvantage to planning groups
Is that they require extra time to mobilize the group
in order to reach consensus in the develop of the
program plan
2) Stating goals:
These are broad statements that define what the
health education program is expected to accomplish.
Long and short-term goals need to be recognized.
Short-term goals can be accomplished such as
protecting the community against the influenza virus
through immunization. It is a short-term goal and can be
easily stated in behavioral terms. But a goal of
improving the health status of a community is a timeless
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goal and will not be accomplished in a reasonable
amount of time. The short-term goals help achieve the
long-term goals of a program.
3) Stating objectives
Objectives state the specific knowledge, attitudes and
behavior changes needed to achieve the goal.
These objectives should be specific, measurable,
assigned to a specific target audience, realistic, and
reflect a specific timeframe (SMART). They set the
agenda for program evaluation.
The following are examples of learner objectives:
Upon completion of the program (Timeframe)...
• participants (assigned to a specific target audience)
will describe the relationship between early detection
and
successful
control
of high
blood pressure.
(Knowledge objective that is specific, measurable and
realistic)
• Participants will state the numerical range for normal
blood pressure and high blood pressure. (Knowledge)
• Participants will list two ways they plan to control
their high blood pressure. (Behavior)
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Participants will state at least two ways that high blood
pressure is treated. (Knowledge)
• Participants will list at least two types of high blood
pressure medications. (Knowledge)
• Participants will accurately use a digital blood
pressure monitor. (Behavior)
• participants will appreciate the importance of taking
high blood pressure medication as prescribed by helping
a loved one take their blood pressure medication.
(Attitude)
4) Identifying methods
These are the means through which the changes will be
made. Methods identify the vehicle for education such
as mass media, videos, role playing, community
development, case studies, lecture-discussion, selfassessments, and skill development.
4) Identifying resources and barriers
Specific resources in the target community may be used
for the program to bring about change. Barriers are the
forces that are expected to work against the program.
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5) Developing the evaluation plan
The Plan of Action should include:
• Goal and objectives
• What steps are to be taken - list of activities
• Who will be responsible for each step - person in
charge.
• What materials, equipment, people, funds will be
necessary
For each step - resources
• When each step is to be completed - target date
.program is implemented.
6) Implementing the plan: Procedures for promoting
the program, recruiting the target audience, and
conducting the program activities are described.
7) Evaluating the program: Evaluation can range from
simple to complex, from consideration of the most basic
elements of the program to abstract implications. The
more complex the evaluation, the greater the costs, the
level of professional expertise, and time requirements
Evaluation is the process of looking back over what has
been
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done to be sure that things were done the way they
should. Evaluation is not a one-time event. It is a
continuous process how the program is progressing
according to a set time table in the action plan.
Information for evaluation program would be
obtained from
Observations, interviews, and records
Application for health education program
1- Title: Impact of nursing intervention on anemia
among pregnant women in zagazig city
2- Introduction
When you're pregnant, you may develop anemia. When
you have anemia, your blood doesn't have enough
healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to your tissues.
During pregnancy, your body produces more blood to
support the growth of your baby. If you're not getting
enough iron or certain other nutrients, your body might
not be able to produce the amount of red blood cells it
needs to make this additional blood.
It's normal to have mild anemia when you are pregnant.
But you may have more severe anemia from low iron or
vitamin levels or from other reasons.
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Anemia can leave you feeling tired and weak. If
significant and untreated, it can increase your risk of
serious complications like preterm delivery.
3- The aim of this study: will be assessed the impact of
health education intervention on improve anemic
pregnant women problem
4- Objectives:
❖ Define anemia during pregnancy
❖ Explain causes of anemia
❖ List sign and symptoms of anemia
❖ List types of anemia during pregnancy
❖ Identify complication of anemia during pregnancy
on mother and fetus
❖ Describe suitable nutrition to pregnant women
❖ Mention prevention from anemia
❖ Discuss management of anemia
5-Sampling or participant:
All pregnant women suffering from anemia will be
selected who fulfill the following criteria
Inclusion criteria
• Age 20-38
• Primi and Para women
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6- Setting
The study will be carried out in two maternal and child
health center at zagazig City
7- Characteristics of place:
Good ventilation, good light, sufficient number of chairs
and tables
8- Permission
The agreement for participation of subjects will be taken
after fully explanation of the aim of study. Participation
and they will be notified that they could withdraw at any
stage of the data collection interviews also they will be
assured that the information would be confidential and
used for the research purpose only
9 – Program description
✓ Duration of program: The program will be
implemented to prevent anemia during pregnancy ,
followed by post-test after 6 months
✓ number of session: ( 5) session
✓ duration of each session: ( 30- 45)
✓ Resources
✓ Manpower: I need lab personnel for regular
analysis of HB for pregnant women
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✓ budget : budget of teaching material, lab personnel
that carried HB analysis for pregnant women that’s
makes every two weeks
✓ teaching method:( lecture- group discussion- brain
storming)
✓ teaching media:
( pamphlets, flipchart, flannel
graph, PowerPoint)
10- Content of problem
• Definition of problem and incidence
• Causes of problem
• Signs and symptoms
• types of anemia during pregnancy
• Complication
▪ Prevention
• Management
Topic
objecti
Time
ves
Teaching
Teachi
evaluati
method
ng
on
media
Definition Define
30
Lecture
&
minute
Discussion oint
anemia
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PowerP Oral
and
Causes of Explain
brainstormi Pamphl written
anemia
causes
ng
during
of
pregnancy anemia
et
examina
Flip
tion
chart
Flannel
graph
Types
of List
anemia
Types
during
of
30
Lecture
PowerP Oral
minute
Discussion oint
and
brainstormi Pamphl written
pregnancy anemia
ng
et
examina
Flip
tion
chart
Feedbac
Flannel k
graph
Signs and List
30
Lecture
symptoms Signs
minute
Discussion oint
&
and
Complicat sympto
ion
anemia
PowerP Oral
and
brainstormi Pamphl written
ng
of ms
( Identify
et
examina
Flip
tion
chart
Feedbac
on mother, Compli
Flannel k
fetus)
graph
cation
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of
anemia
Prevention Apply
30
Lecture
PowerP Oral
of anemia, preventi minute
Discussion oint
treatment
Brainstorm Pamphl written
on
of
et
and
anemia
ing
Describ
demonstrat Flip
tion
e
ion
Feedbac
chart
examina
treatme
Flannel k
nt
graph
Examples
Identify 30
Lecture
PowerP Oral
about
vegetari minute
Discussion oint
nutrition
ans&
brainstormi Pamphl written
for
non
ng
and
et
examina
Vegetarian vegetari
Flip
tion
s
ans
chart
Feedbac
Non-
Nutritio
Flannel k
vegetarian n
graph
s
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11- Pre- test content of problem evaluation:
o Definition of problem and incidence
o Causes of problem
o Signs and symptoms
o Types of problem
o Complication
▪ Prevention
o Management
12- Post- test for content of problem evaluation:
o Definition of problem and incidence
o Causes of problem
o Signs and symptoms
o Types of problem
o Complication
▪ Prevention
o Management
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How do you design health education program?
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