Thought Leadership
Presentation
Aqua DXB
Owned by: Mr. Roy Hernandez
Project by: Adac-emics
Balicol, Yari Ashley
Guevarra, Kristine Joyce
Hernandez, Zhen Amielle
Lacuesta, Amilia Meaunette
Perez, Amirah Adellaire
Santos, Brent Cyril
Villarin, Gwyneth
MGT1101-SEC6
Submitted on November 12, 2021
Overview of the Business
Business Name: Aqua DXB
Form of Ownership: Sole Proprietorship
Form of Business: Service Business
Job Position of the Hand-Picked Leader: Owner
Vision
To be a leading drinking water service provider that will give satisfaction beyond expectation for
every Pinamalenyos.
Mission
To fill every glasses with pure, clean, and healthy drinking water that will quench and satisfy the
thirst of every Pinamalenyos.
Company Address and Contact Details
Location:
Bonifacio, St. Public Market, Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro
Communication Details of the Identified Successful Leader:
aquamatetrading@gmail.com
0918 369 0249
Date of Virtual or Online Interview
The virtual interview was held on Tuesday, November 9, 2021 at 9:30 pm via Google Meet.
Resume of Person Interviewed
Role:
Mr. Roy Hernandez’s primary role as the owner of the small business is to serve as its strategic
leader. He communicates with his employees and customers on a regular basis in order to anticipate
improvements for the benefit of his business.
Authority:
Mr. Roy Hernandez is the owner and founder of Aqua DXB, and since the business is under Sole
Proprietorship he is also in-charge of everything—from production and up to handling the financial
records.
Responsibility:
One of the leader’s responsibilities is to make sure that the business is gaining profit; therefore, he
is responsible for formulating strategies and plans to achieve it. He is also responsible for his
employees’ training, benefits, safety during work hours, as well as their salary. Lastly, he is
responsible for providing quality and clean drinking water, which his business primarily offers.
Competency (skills) as a Leader:
Mr. Roy Hernandez has served as a role model for us throughout the interview, particularly in
terms of being a great leader with the necessary leadership traits. Mr. Hernandez demonstrated to
us that he worked hard to become a good leader who can push everyone in an organization to
achieve their best, he can build a vision and drive others to make it a reality with strong leadership.
Mr. Roy Hernandez is a confident individual who makes exceptional judgments, is able to
communicate effectively, encourage their teams, manage and allocate duties, listen to criticism,
and solve challenges which makes him an excellent leader.
In-depth Background of the Leader:
The interviewee’s full name is Roy Cajayon Hernandez, born in Calapan, Oriental Mindoro on
December 6, 1975. He took his primary education in Pambisan Elementary School which is
currently named as Miguel Ansaldo Senior Memorial Elementary School (MASMES), secondary
education in Immaculate Heart of Mary Academy and finally finished his tertiary education in
Philippine School of Business Administration (PSBA) with his degree of Bachelor of Science in
Accountancy. He worked as an accountant in Philippine Home Cable Holdings Inc., an
accounting assistant in Grand Mart in Dubai, a general accountant in Toys & Us Trading and
Eglo Lighting Middle East FZE. He is married to Zheny M. Hernandez and has 2 kids named
Zhen Amielle M. Hernandez and Ryzhen Ysabelle M. Hernandez.
Questionnaire Template
•
(1) What type of business enterprise are you currently managing and what services, and
products does your business offer? (2) What made you choose the current line of business
out of all the options available?
•
(3) What major life occurrences prompted you to establish your business, how did it all
begin, and how did you finally figure out if you were capable of doing so?
•
(4) Engaging in business entails a lot of investments in terms of money, time, and sacrifices.
And despite of all these investments, still many have failed in their business ventures.
Based on your personal observation as a businessperson, it is a reality that not everyone is
destined to be a successful entrepreneur? Why? Why not?
•
(5) Many business owners become the operators of their companies because they do
everything themselves. How are you able to entrust responsibilities to your employees and
establish a team of workers?
•
(6) How long has an employee worked with you the longest after you’ve been in the
industry for 11 years? (7) What strategies and approaches did you apply and implement for
your employee to stick with you for such a lengthy period of time?
•
(8) Could you please describe the most challenging situation your business has experienced
so far that affected your entire organization? As a leader, how did you manage to remain
calm and think positively when you were in that situation?
•
(9) Was there ever a situation wherein one of your employees had a personal or nonpersonal issue that had an impact on your business? How did you address it? (10) What
policy and protocols do you have in place for your employees?
Transcript of the Interview
Amielle Hernandez: Before we start the interview for today, we have with us Sir Roy C.
Hernandez, the owner of Aqua DXB located in Bonifacio, St. Public Market, Pinamalayan,
Oriental Mindoro. So, more about the business, uhm… the-the date of the creation of it is on
November 2011. It operates within Pinamalayan Town Proper. Its main product includes purified
drinking water and services includes water refilling services and water deliveries. It has a number
of four (4) employees. So, to give us a brief history, so, the name Aqua DXB was suggested by
the interviewee. The letters “DXB” represent the flight code of Dubai, UAE. At first, there were 3
choices, “Aqualine”, “Aqua-holic” and “Aqua DXB”. But unfortunately, the name “Aqualine” was
already registered in the DTI. The interviewee’s wife did not agree with “Aquaholic” as well so
did the DTI because they think it is misleading, therefore, “Aqua DXB” was made.
Brent Santos: What major life occurrences prompted you to establish your business, how did it
all begin, and how did you finally figure out if you were capable of doing so?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Okay. So, actually uhh.. when we were abroad or when we were in Dubai.
Me and my wife, Amielle’s mother think of business that uhm... will uhh I think will. What do you
call this? Will be performing well here in our province and... uhm... we decided to establish this
uhh water station because basically this is uh basic need of the uhm people so uhh.. I’m sure that
it will prosper because it is necessity so..., we cannot live without water so that’s the main reason
why we decided to invest in this type of business. What is the uh whawhat’s the uh next question
can you please uh-uh repeat? The other question I cannot...
Brent Santos: Uhm... how did you finally figure out if you were capable of doing so?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Okay. So... I know I can handle this type of business because uhm... I... I
am... I studied business related course also so more or less I have the knowledge and uhh I have
the expertise on how to... how to... manage this type of business uhh.. When I was in Dubai, I was
engaged in uh working in uhh.. uhh service business also so more or less I have this idea how to
run this type of business. That is why we decided to venture in this type of uhh.. business.
Amirah Perez: Ang ganda naman po ng foundation ng business ninyo. So, we all know that
engaging in business entails a lot of investments in terms of money, time, and sacrifices. And
despite of all these investments, still many have failed in their business ventures. So, based on your
personal observation po as a businessperson, is it true po that not everyone is destined to be a
successful entrepreneur?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Ah, yes. Actually, not everybody succeed in this type of business. You
know there are up and downs, and ah we have the trials ok. So basically, ah in the beginning that’s
the hardest part. Kasi syempre, ah bago lang tayo. Ah, kahit pa meron tayong experience na maghandle ng business, but this is a different one. Kumbaga, ah marami kaming pinag-aralan, marami
kaming pinagdaanan. We experiment ah, kung ano-anong mga strategies how to prosper. Nandiyan
na nagbigay kami ng, ah promo. Like, ah for example, ah kapag nakapag pa refill kayo ng ten
gallons, then the next, yung ika-11 yun yung free. And then, ah kapag marami yung, let’s say na
pina-refill na container, let’s say more than five or six containers. Then, nagbibigay kami ng
discounts. So, ganun yung mga basic strategies na ginawa namin. And of course, yung pakikitungo
sa mga customers or sa clients. So, dapat lagi kang handang makipagusap. Ah everytime na hindi
naman maiiwasan minsan meron silang complain. Like ah, bakit let’s say yung tubig is ah parang
medyo may after taste. So, kailangang ayusin nyo ng pakikipagusap. Kumabaga, kailangang meron
kayong ah hands on na pakikipag ah communicate don sa mga clients. So, para balik-balikan kayo
nung clients. And also yung service, sinasabihan namin yung mga employees na dapat you should
always be respectful to our customers. Kasi, yun yung bumubuhay sa atin. So, yun yung kumbaga
pinaparemind ko sa mga employees namin na, ah dapat dedicated sila sa kanilang trabaho. And
yung pakikipag usap sa customers, yun yung pinaka importante. Kasi, once na ok ang
communication between the ah employees or the staff and the customer. Maganda ang magiging
takbo ng negosyo. So far, ok naman because sa ngayon we are 10 years or 11 years na sa business.
Though marami na kaming competitors, ah awa ng Diyos ay nakaka survive naman. Maganda
naman yung ah kinikita ng business.
Kristine Guevarra: For the fourth questions po, many business owners become the operators of
their companies because they do everything themselves. How are you able to entrust
responsibilities to your employees and establish a team of workers?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Can you please repeat the questions kasi medyo putol putol yung dating sa
akin
Kristine Guevarra: Many business owners become the operators of their companies because they
do everything themselves. How are you able to entrust responsibilities to your employees and
establish a team of workers po?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Okay, so ganito uhh... yes uhh… kumbaga dapat as a uhh… the owner dapat
we know how our business runs but me for myself I cannot run it by myself kumbaga kailangan
ko rin ng tulong hindi naman pupuwede na porke na alam ko lahat ng pasikot sikot sa business is
kakayanin ko na gawin yung lahat ng mga trabaho and transactions is ako lahat yung makikipag
uhh… commit or makikipag usap, hindi naman pupuwede yon kasi syempre andyan, my wife is
there, and uhh… let’s say yung aking ibang relatives na they are willing to help kumbaga uhh…
kailangan ko tumanggap ng wisdom from them kasi hind isa lahat ng panahon is yung wisdom ko
or yung aking kaalaman sa pagpapatakbo ng negosyo is palaging pumapatok or palaging tama,
minsan meron din yan up and downs, kumbaga minsan meron din ako pagkakamali so hindi
pupuwede na porke ako yung may alam is parang iisipin ko na wag na ako tatanggap ng ibang
suggestions from others, so winewelcome ko yung uhh… winewelcome ko yung kanilang mga
ideas especially let’s yung staff or yung employee namin meron sinabi “kuya ano kaya mas
maganda siguro yung ganito” then pinag aaralan ko yon and then if I uhh… realize na, ay okay
nga pala, then I’ll give my uhh.. agree, agreement or my uhh… blessing na sasabihin ko “okay
sige gawin natin to’ kasi maganda to’ makakatulong to’ sa business” so hindi porke you know
everything about the business is your mind is close to uhh… accept any ideas from the others
especially from your employees... yun.
Yari Ashley Balicol: Hello po
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Yes, go ahead
Yari Ashley Balicol: Sorry po nagka-technical problem. Sir how long has an employee stayed for
you po?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: How?
Yari Ashley Balicol: How long has an employee stayed for the business po? Yung longest
employee po ninyo.
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Our longest employee stays for I think three or four years, three or four
years, kasi—*interrupted*
Yari Ashley Balicol: It was quite a long time po—*interrupted*
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Ha?
Yari Ashley Balicol: Sige po, proceed lang po
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Kasi most of our staff, uh, right...right now, as in ngayon, uh, karamihan sa
kanila is nagpa-part time part-time because they are students. So nagsabi sila na kung pwede
magpart-time kasi nga wala namang face to face, so okay lang naman sakin kasi hindi naman
ganon kahirap ung ano...ung trabaho. Pero ung mga naging previous, uh, meron kasing...uh, mga
empleyado na, let’s say hindi sila makuntento, actually its not natural for a person not to be
contented with what they have. Kasi di ba...uh, let’s say, ang aim nila, let’s say magkaron lang sila
ng ganitong sweldo, once na na-achieve na nila ung sweldo na un, they will aim for a higher, okay,
which is, kapag nag-demand na sila ng masyadong mataas and...uh, let’s say...uh, hindi na kayang
i-afford ng business to sustain kung ano man ung gusto nilang salary then by that time—actually
hindi naman ako nag-aano...nag...uh, hindi ako nag...uh, tatanggal ng empleyado ang nangyayari
most of the time nagpapaalam...nagpapaalam sila kasi...uh, sinasabi nila gusto nilang mag-aral, or
sinasabi nila gusto nilang lumuwas ng Manila para don mag-trabaho at makakuha ng medyo mas
mataas na sweldo, kasi limited lang e, ung ano rito e, ung... meron kasi tayong tinatawag na
minimum wage, so kung... uh, itataas naman namin ung sweldo ng tao above minimum or let’s
say an, hindi naman kakayanin ng business because of the steep competition, marami na kami rito
kung baga... uh siguro more than thirty water stations na ung nandito sa aming bayan lang, hindi
pa kasama ung nang-gagaling sa ibang bayan na pumapasok dito sa bayan namin just to get
customers so talagang ano... uh very... uh steep ung competition, so ung hinihingi nilang taas ng
sweldo, sinasabi ko naman sa kanila, hindi ko or hindi naming kayang ibigay kasi kapag nag-ano
pa, halos wala na ring matitira samin, so baka mag-suffer ung business, pare-pareho kaming
mawalan. So, most of the time ang kanilang reason is because of the... uh salary and because of
the... kasi pag nag-kakapamilya na di ba, kasi usually ang pumapasok samin ung mga binata or
dalaga, pero pag nagka-pamilya na sila then nagka-anak syempre tataas na ung kanilang... uh,
needs, so mapipilitan sila ngayon na mag-hanap ng anong trabaho, hindi naman naming kayang
isustain ung pangangailangan nila, pagkat ano…ung sweldo nila is tataas ng ganon mahirap
namang i-absorb un ka-agad ng business because hindi lang naman ang gastos ng water station is
salary, syempre marami pa diyang ibang utilities like, syempre may kuryente tayo, meron tayong
mga taxes, meron tayong renta, so maraming kailangang isa-alang-alang, so un ung ano, pero
mostly naman or ano ma—, maganda naman ung paghihiwalay naming nung empleyado,
nakakabalik sila ron nakikipagkwentuhan, pagka-ano pumapasyal, na ngungumusta, so ganon,
kumbaga meron kaming na establish na magandang relationship with our employee kung baga
hindi naman sila talaga umalis dahil meron kaming na pag kasamaan ng loob or meron kaming
naging away umalis sila because of their reason na meron silang... may gustong... uh maabot or
meron silang may gustong mas mataas ng sweldo ganon or mag-aaral sila—mag-fufull-time.
Yari Ashley Balicol: Sir, what strategies and approaches did you apply and implement for your
employees to stick with you and the business po for such a lengthy period of time?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Okay, so, ang—actually hindi naman natin masasabing strategy un no, kasi
when we say na... kung un ay strategy it means ginagawa natin un para lang mag-stay ng matagal
ung employee. Pero kasi ang samin is un talagang... uh hindi naming tinuturing na iba ung
empleyado, as in, hindi boss-employee relationship kung baga parang... uh parang kap—
kapamilya na sya or kasama na sya sa ano... kung baga hindi na iba ang turing naming like parang
inaano ko na... ah parang anak ko na to or parang kamag-anak ko na to na kapag nangailangan sila,
nagsabi, hindi sila magdadalawang salita—oh-okay, ito, sabihin “kuya, kailangan ko ng ganya,
baka pwedeng—”, “oh, walang problema paluluwagan kita” ganyan oh, then syempre ung mga
benefits nila kailangang ibigay like may bonus or... uh, ung 13th month, obligatory naman talaga
un, so kapag merong may sakit, syempre uunawain mo un... uh bibigyan namin ng gamot or ano,
ganyan, papa-ospital ganyan, and then, ayon ung mga ganong ano... ung mga ganong... uh, basta
pakikisama lang ng ayos sa empleyado but I’m not considering it as an... uh strategy no, because
kapag sinabi nating strategy is parang ginagawa mo lang un para mag-stay sayo, but we are doing
this because we are treating them as a member of our family, parang ganon ang pakiki-pagrelasyon namin sa aming... uh empleyado, so un, ganon.
Gwyneth Villarin: Uhmm… Nakakatuwa naman po na hindi niyo sila tinuring na empleyado,
kasi tinuring niyo sila na bahagi ng ano niyo po… ng family niyo po. So uhm... sa next question
po is uhm, could you please describe the most challenging situation your business has experienced
so far that affected your entire organization?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Most challenging? Uhm... siguro nitong time nitong pandemic. Actually,
nakakarindi na yung word na pandemic pero talagang eto yung ano eh last 20...20? Last year?
Siguro mga month of April, May. March kasi nag start ng lockdown dito. So, during that time, as
in talagang ahhh… mahirap kumilos kasi limited yung tao, ok. So bago ka makarating ng store…
ng tindahan, katakot-takot na check point ang dadaanan mo okay, then kung ano-ano ang mga
hinihingi and then yung delivery namin, yung mga staff nahihirapan silang umikot doon sa mga
rutang dapat nilang ikutan, dahil nga sa check point. Kailangan syempre kumpleto ng ano… ng ah
facemask, face shield at kung ano-ano pa, kailangan pa magbigay ng… ah parang ano to letter na
katunayan na empleyado namin sila and because water is necessity bawal kaming magsara, okay.
So humina talaga, as in humina yung sales kasi hindi nga maka-ano ng ayos ang mga…hindi, hindi
normal yung galaw ng mga tao, okay. So medyo syempre mahina ang sales, ma… na-apektuhan
yung... syempre yung operation tyaka yung pang sweldo, yung pasok na ng pera ganon din
syempre hihina and ah mahirap makipag transact, maraming nawala kumbaga, yung dapat na…
kasi nun mag sa-summer nun eh, dapat yun ay busy season pero hindi nangyari because of this
ah… pandemic nga. Kaya yun, humina yung sales namin nun kumbaga and then na-taon pa na
kailangang magpa..maintenance, okay. Kailangan kasi i-maintain yung machine eh, hindi naman
pwede na yun eh basta a-andar lang ng a-andar everyday na walang masisira, hindi bababa yung
production okay sabi nga eh napapagod din yung machine so kailangan ng maintenance and medyo
malaki rin ang nagagastos namin don. Ang maintenance kasi is ah... atleast once a year kailangan
magparehab as in, when we say rehab kailangan palitan mo yung lahat ng elements na laman
nung… nung machine, yung mrp cock na tinatawag so medyo malaking pera din yun and aside
from that yung mga ah... mga sira-sira na hindi naman maiwasan because tumatakbo nga yung
makina so yun, kumbaga medyo… medyo kinapos pero sa awa ng Diyos eh nakarecover din
naman. So yun, sa palagay ko yun yung medyo challenging na ano... na nangyari sa business.
Gwyneth Villarin: Uhm... as a leader po, how did you manage to remain calm and think positively
when you were in that situation po?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Manage to? Ano yun paki ulit nga, nag… nag ano. How do you manage to
what?
Gwyneth Villarin: How did you manage to remain calm and think positively when you were in
that situation po?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Ah think positively. Okay so, ang inano ko na lang, ang inisip ko na lang
nun is... hindi lang naman kami ang nakaka-experience, nung ganong sitwasyon kumbaga ah...
think positive, kailangan wag ma… wag kang panghinaan ng loob kapag dumating sayo yung
ganong sitwasyon, okay kasi hindi naman pwedeng, kapag nalulugi ka or kapag mahina negosyo
mo hindi ka kakain diba, hindi pwedeng hindi ka bibili ng mga needs, like every day needs diba.
So, dapat hindi tayo magpa-epekto kumbaga ah inisip ko na lang kung dadamdamin ko or iisipin
ko na yan yung nangyayari eh kumbaga parang nawawalan ako ng diskarte eh magsa-suffer yung
business at the same time magsa-suffer yung family namin diba. So, ah... inisip ko na lang na
matatapos din ito kumbaga and think of ah... other way para makasurvive or para magkaron ng
ibang income and yun naisip naming mag-asawa na mag start ng panibagong business in… in the
middle of pandemic kasi pinag-aralan namin, napansin namin na... hindi na... hindi na masyadong
kumikita yung mga negosyo, ang daming sarado, so nag ano kami, ano ba yung pwede naming
ah… gawin pa para madagdagan yung income kasi mahina nga yung income ng water station then
nauuso naman dito yung mga online na pa-order ng mga pagkain like yung mga pansit, mga kung
ano-ano kasi nga bawal lumabas eh. So, we decided na mag try ng mga food packaging business
naman so dun nag ano yon then awa ng Diyos medyo nag click naman kasi kailangan in demand
and wala kaming masyadong competition don kumbaga ah…medyo na ano namin na… medyo
nasolo namin or yung nakalamang kami doon kasi walang masyadong competition. So, doon ah...
nakapag-ano kami medyo nakabawi kami ron ah nakapag-ano kami nitong food packaging
business. So yun yung isang nakatulong makasurvive para syempre, life must go on diba. So, yun
sa awa ng Diyos okay naman. So, yun yung nangyari, think positive always wag kang magpapatalo
dun sa... dun sa... kumbaga nagkakaron ka ng agam-agam na baka ano... malugi tayo ganyan kasi
if you’re not a risk taker eh walang mangyayari sayo, ganon ka na lang kasi ayaw mong ano eh...
parang ayaw mong... sa isip ko parang ayaw mong makaramdam na ikaw ay natatalo, eh kung
hindi ka mag-aano ng risk, kumbaga nandon ka lang sa comfort zone mo so why don’t you try
another venture. So think positive, so yun.
Amilia Lacuesta: Ayan, I think it’s commendable po how you were able to get through such a
crisis with fl-flying colors po, ano? And I think that’s something that’s uh some businesses fail to
do so. With that, we’d like to ask po uh was there ever a situation wherein one of your employees
had a personal or non-personal issue that had an impact on your business po; and how did you
address it?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Personal issue? What do you mean by personal issue?
Amilia Lacuesta: Like, something po that’s um non-rela- not related sa work but somehow it had
an impact po sa business niyo. Meron po bang ganon na situation?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Wala naman. As far as I know, wala namang ganong…wala namang ganong
issue. Luckily, yun namang aming mga empleyado, kumbaga, uh, kapag sinasabihan or kapag na,
let’s say, di naman napapagalitan kundi nasasabihan, is they are accepting naman na there’s
something wrong or it’s their mistake. Uh, so yung mga personal issues, wala naman, parang wala
naman akong na-experience na ganon with regards to our employees or with regards to…to
ourselves. Wala naman kaming mga personal issues na naaano sa kanila, naririnig or
nararamdaman. So, smooth lang. Smooth lang yung takbo ng business.
Amilia Lacuesta: Ayan, that’s really great to hear po and since, wala naman pong ganong, um,
issue na nangyari uh we’d like to ask din po kung, syempre for that to happen, there must have
been policies and protocols po. So, what are the policies and protocols po that you have in place
for your employees?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Okay. So, policies, unang-una, yung sa absenteeism. Ang bawal na bawal
at hindi namin inaallowed is yung basta na lang aabsent nang walang paalam. As in, let’s say,
today. Let’s say ngayon. Let’s say 6 o’ clock in the morning. Makakatanggap kami ng text na
sasabihin, “Kuya, hindi po ako makakapasok…dahil ganyan.” Sasabihin, “Meron po pala kaming
lalakarin, meron po pala ‘kong lalakarin.” Eh ang katuwiran ko naman don, “Eh ang haba-haba ng
maghapon, bakit hindi mo sinabi kahapon? Na ‘yon pala ay ganon.” Although sometimes
mayroong mga emergencies like, let’s say, uh biglang nagkalagnat or biglang sumakit ang tiyan;
biglang, like yung mga tipikal reason ng mga estudyante na kapag absent ay, “Ser/Mam, meron po
akong- sumakit po bigla yung tiyan ko. Hindi po ako makakapasok.” As much as possible, I don’t
want to hear that uh kind of excuse, okay? And then, yung late sa pagpasok kasi importante kasi
sa umaga, uh dapat before 7 o’ clock, they should be roaming around their area to collect the uh
the containers. Kasi uh kapag tinanghali na ng pag-ikot, mauunahan na sila ng mga kakumpitensya
namin sa negosyo. Kumabaga, pasi pag ganyan eh. Kumbaga sabi nga, early birds catches early
one, diba? So, kailangan ganon. Kailangan mamentain nila yung ganong ano. And then another
is… um kapag ka merong hindi naman maiiwasan yung nagkakasamaan ng loob yung mga
empleyado kasi minsan, merong may sipsip, diba? Merong nagpapalakas na ganyan. Merong uh
let’s say…may nagawang konting bagay lang na pinalalaki eh nag-aaway. So, yun yung bawal na
bawal. Dapat, ang policy naming don is kapag nandito ka is kailangan kasundo mo lahat yung
empleyado, yung lahat ng empleyado kumbaga. Hindi lang yung empleyado syempre kahit yung
kami, as owners. So, kailangang merong, meron silang magandang relationship or yung
camaraderie na tinatawag. So yun yung ano. Kapag ka merong nagkaka…medyo…napapansin ko
merong medyo nagkakasamaan ng loob, hindi nag-iimikan then kinakausap ko kaagad, “Oh bakit?
Ano bang problema?” Then, kailangan parang open…open forum na, “Eh paano kuya, si ganito
ganyan-ganyan.” Ay nako napakasimpleng bagay kailangan pa bang…pahabain. So kailangan
resolve ka kaagad. And ayoko nang aabot pa nang kinabukasan na ganon pa rin yung magiging
sistema don sa loob ng water station – yung di nag-iimikan. Kailangan laging…kailangan laging
masaya’t kailangan laging inspired na magtrabaho. So, ano pa bang policies? Um…yon kapag let’s
say, lalo na sa deliver, if you don’t have a license, a driver’s license, you’re not allowed to use the
service or the uh the tricycle para magdrive. And hindi mo pwedeng gamitin yung service for your
personal use, as in, gagamitin mo, may pupuntahan ka for your personal reason. So bawal yon
syempre. So yun lang naman. Wala namang masyadong ano kasi…maliit lang naman yung
business. Hindi naman siya ganoon ka- hindi naman siya ganoon katulad ng mga corporations or
mga partnership na maraming mga uh tawag dito? Mga policies, procedures or rules na kailangan
sundin. Yung mga simpleng ano lang, mga simpleng bagay lang na kumbaga uh alam naman na
nila yon, kung ano yon. Basta sa ikakaayos nung business at ikakaayos ng relationship between
the employees. So yun lang.
Amilia Lacuesta: Ayan, I think yung maagang pag-address nga po ng mga issues among
employees para hindi na sila mapalaki ay naging very helpful po talaga para magthrive po ang
Aqua DXB. So, ayon, I guess that concludes our interview po. We have learned a lot what it’s like
to become a leader from the experiences of a real-life leader tonight. Um with that, we would like
to thank you po, again, Mr. Roy Hernandez for your time and of course, for answering all of our
questions po. So, if we can po, let’s take a picture to commemorate this experience.
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Okay. So, thank you very much din for having me as your like resource
person. Okay, so…salamat din.
Amilia Lacuesta: Ayan, let’s take a picture po uh ayan 1, 2, 3, smile. Ayan, isa pa po. 1, 2, 3,
smile. Ayan, okay na po. Again, it was a pleasure to have you here with us po, Sir. Thank you
thank you very much and may you have a wonderful week po.
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Okay, you’re very welcome. No problem.
Revised Transcript of the Interview
Amielle Hernandez: Before we start the interview for today, we have with us Sir Roy C.
Hernandez, the owner of Aqua DXB located in Bonifacio, St. Public Market, Pinamalayan,
Oriental Mindoro. More about the business, the creation of the said business is on November 2011.
It operates within Pinamalayan Town Proper. Its main product includes purified drinking water
and services includes water refilling services and water deliveries. It has a number of four (4)
employees. To give us a brief history, the name Aqua DXB was suggested by the interviewee. The
letters “DXB” represent the flight code of Dubai, UAE. At first, there were 3 choices, “Aqualine”,
“Aqua-holic” and “Aqua DXB”. But unfortunately, the name “Aqualine” was already registered
in the DTI. The interviewee’s wife did not agree with “Aquaholic” as well so did the DTI because
they think it is misleading, therefore, “Aqua DXB” was made.
Brent Santos: What major life occurrences prompted you to establish your business, how did it
all begin, and how did you finally figure out if you were capable of doing so?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: We were in Dubai at the time. My wife and I are coming up with ideas for
a successful business in the province. We chose to build this water station since it is a basic
requirement of the people, because it is a need. I am confident that it will thrive. Water is essential
to our survival which is why we chose to engage in this sort of business. I am confident in my
ability to run this type of business because I have taken business classes. I have a general
understanding and competence in how to operate this sort of business. When I lived in Dubai, I
worked in the service industry. So, I have got this notion for how to operate this sort of business,
and that's why we have decided to venture into this type of business.
Amirah Perez: Engaging in business entails a lot of investments in terms of money, time, and
sacrifices. And despite of all these investments, still many have failed in their business ventures.
Based on your personal observation as a businessperson, is it a reality that not everyone is destined
to be a successful entrepreneur? Why? Why not?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Yes, not everyone is successful in this line of work. There will always be
ups and downs. The beginning is the most challenging part since the business is still in its early
stage. Even though we have prior business experience, we went through a lot of procedures and
preparations before establishing the business. We conducted experiments on various strategies for
ensuring the success of our business. It includes promotions such as providing discounts to
customers who have refilled more than five or six containers and giving the 11th refill for free to
the customer who has refilled 10 gallons of water. When it comes to dealing with our clients, we
ensure that we are hands-on in our communication with them. Of course, complaints are
unavoidable. As an example, there are concerns about the aftertaste of the water. We would discuss
it with them and resolve the problem as soon as possible to maintain them as a customer.
Furthermore, we also keep on reminding our service employees to be dedicated to their job and to
always be polite to our clients, for they are the ones who keep the business running. We place the
highest priority on communication because once we have established a strong connection with our
consumers, our business will run smoothly. So far, our business has been consistent because we
have been in the industry for 10 to 11 years. Despite having so many competitors, we always
survive by the grace of God. Our business is performing well.
Kristine Guevarra: For the fourth question, many business owners become the operators of their
companies because they do everything themselves. How are you able to entrust responsibilities to
your employees and establish a team of workers?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: The owner has to know how the business should be ran but personally, I
cannot run it by myself; therefore, I also need to ask for help. Knowing the different strategies of
business does not guarantee that I can do all the transactions by myself. My family helps me run
the business and often gives advice. I need to receive wisdom from them because not every time,
my decision or knowledge in business is always in the trend or always right. Sometimes there are
ups and downs which lead to me making mistakes. Just because I know the strategy does not mean
I would not accept suggestions from others. I welcome ideas especially from the staff or
employees. Then, I would think about it thoroughly. When I realize that the idea is okay then, I
would agree. What I am saying is that your mind should be open to accept ideas from others
especially from your employees.
Yari Ashley Balicol: How long has an employee stayed for the business? The longest employee
that the business had.
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Our longest employee stayed for I think three or four years.
Yari Ashley Balicol: It was quite a long time.
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Most of the staff that we have as of this moment are part-time workers and
students as well. They asked me if they can work for us since they are under the modular type of
classes since face-to-face classes are not yet allowed. I allowed them since the work that they will
be having is not that difficult and will not be a burden to them. In terms of our previous workers,
we have no issues with each other. Some of them, the main reason why they are not working with
us anymore, is that they need a salary increase. There are employees whose goal is to have a
specific amount of salary and once they have reached that amount, they will demand a higher
amount, which is possibly out of the business’ budget in terms of their salaries. There were also
times where their reasons are that they will study or go to Manila and other places to get a higher
amount of salary since that business cannot sustain the salary that they want to have by that time.
We do have something that we call “minimum wage”, and the business will not be able to handle
it if we go beyond the minimum wage for our employees especially that we have a lot of
competitors in our area and there are also competitors from other areas who go inside our area just
to get customers. Aside from that, the business also has different expenses like utility bills, rent,
taxes, and a lot more, so we really cannot increase their salaries or else the business will suffer.
Even though we cannot give the amount of salary that they want and they will end up leaving, we
are all on good terms, there are times where they go back to the store just to check up on us and
have some little chat.
Yari Ashley Balicol: Sir, what strategies and approaches did you apply and implement for your
employees to stick with you and the business for such a lengthy period of time?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: I will not take it as a “strategy” since when we say strategy, you are just
doing such things so that the employee with stay longer. We do not implement the “bossemployee” relationship, we treat them as someone who is part of our family—I look at them just
like how I look at my kids—they are part of our family, that when the time comes that they need
something, they will not hesitate to ask me since they know I will help them. We also give them
their benefits like their bonus and 13-month pay and also when they are sick—if they need some
medicine or they need to go to the doctor, we help them. It is all about treating your employees
right, but again, I am not taking it as a strategy.
Gwyneth Villarin: It’s nice of you to treat them as part of your family instead of treating them as
your employees. For the next question, could you please describe the most challenging situation
your business has experienced so far that affected your entire organization?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: The most challenging would be running the business in the middle of a
pandemic. The lockdown started in March. So, during that time, it is hard to provide services
because the employees are limited. Additionally, before you get to the store, you will go through
a lot of check points which made it hard for my employees to deliver water to customers. Also, we
need to wear facemask and face shield. We still need to provide a letter proving that they are our
employees and because water is a necessity, we are not allowed to close our store. Our sales slowed
down, the employees’ working schedule were not the same as usual due to the pandemic. Sales are
weak, the operation has been affected, the salary, the inflow of money in the store is also affected
and the difficulty to transact. Summer was approaching then, and it should have been a busy season
for our business, but it didn't happen because of the pandemic. Furthermore, we also had a hard
time maintaining the machines and equipment we regularly use in the business. At least once a
year we rehabilitate the machines. When we say rehab, we replace all the elements in the machine
and it requires quite a big amount of money. Aside from those broken parts of the machines that
can't be avoided because the machine is working, our money is a bit lacking but by the grace of
God, they also recovered. So that, I think that's the somewhat challenging thing that happened in
our business.
Gwyneth Villarin: As a leader, how did you manage to remain calm and think positively when
you were in that situation?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Think positively. I instilled in my mind that we were not the only one who
are experiencing such a hard time. Think positive, you do not have to be discouraged when you
face a challenging situation because it is inevitable. When you are losing money or when your
business is weak, you would not be able to eat. It's not possible not to buy necessities. So, we
should not let challenging times to get into our heads. I just thought that, if I am going to think of
all the negative things that are happening, it is like I'm losing my strategy; therefore, the business
will suffer and at the same time my family will suffer. With that, I just thought that the challenging
time would end as well. Additionally, I thought of another way to survive and a new source of
income. That was when my wife and I start thinking to have a new business in the middle of
pandemic. We noticed how businesses are not quite profitable anymore and a lot of stores have
closed down. This led us to think of something to do to increase our income because the income
of the water station is weak. The online ordering of foods like noodles is a trend here because no
one is allowed to go out. We decided to try food packaging business and in God's mercy, the food
packaging business clicked because it was in demand, and we didn't have much competition. It
helped us survive. With God's mercy, we should think positively and never give up, especially in
challenging times. You might develop doubts that you’d incur a loss. But remember that if you are
not a risk taker, nothing will happen to you, because you do not want anything to happen. If you
do not take the risk, you would just stay stagnant so it would be best to try another venture; and
always think positively.
Amilia Lacuesta: It is commendable how you were able to get through such a crisis with flying
colors as that is something that some businesses fail to do so. With that, we’d like to ask if there
was ever a situation wherein one of your employees had a personal or non-personal issue that had
an impact on your business? How did you address it?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: No, the business has never had to deal with any issues of that kind. Luckily,
my employees take accountability for their wrongdoings.
Amilia Lacuesta: What are the policies and protocols that you have in place for your employees?
Mr. Roy Hernandez: First, absenteeism. Absences without leave is strictly not allowed and highly
being condemned. We also do not tolerate leave for absences that is reported only on the day of
the absence itself. However, emergencies are an exception. Second, tardiness is not allowed as it
gives an edge to our competitors. The employees must roam around the area to collect empty
containers before 7 o’ clock otherwise our competitors would get more customers. Another policy
being implemented is camaraderie towards everyone, both the employees and owners alike.
Everyone should make sure that they get along well. Misunderstandings towards each other must
be talked about and solved as soon as possible so that it would not affect their work. Fourth policy
is employees without driver’s license are not allowed to drive the tricycle used for deliveries. The
employees are also not allowed to use the tricycle for their personal use.
Amilia Lacuesta: That concludes our interview. We have learned a lot what it’s like to become a
leader from the experiences of a real-life leader tonight. With that, we would like to thank you,
Mr. Roy Hernandez for your time and of course, for answering all of our questions. It was a
pleasure to have you here with us. Let us take a picture to commemorate this experience.
Mr. Roy Hernandez: Thank you for having me as your resource person as well.
Photo Documentation
Individual Reflection Paper / Personal Plan
Yari Ashley Balicol
Mr. Roy Cajayon Hernandez was the one we interviewed, he is from Pinamalayan, Oriental
Mindoro. He and his wife were once part of the Overseas Filipino Workers or OFW working in
Dubai. The thing he said that caught my attention the most is when he said that “Hindi namin sila
tinatratong iba. Tina-trato namin sila bilang pamilya na rin naming,” and he was referring to their
employees, this is part of his answer to our question regarding how they treat their workers. I
appreciate how Mr. Hernandez runs their business and how he handles their employees. A lot of
business owners are not like Sir Roy, especially if the business is growing and going uphill. He
also mentioned that their relationship with their employees is not like the “boss-and-employee”
relationship, and he allowed his employees to call him “kuya” which means “older brother” than
“sir/boss”. But still, a “boss-and-employee” type of respect is being observed. I learned a lot from
the interview that we conducted, especially in terms of handling different types of people as
employees or workers. A good type of leader is the one who listens. This is also one of the things
I learned after conducting the interview. Hearing and listening to the thoughts and ideas of the
people that surround you is one of the best moves to make especially if you are a leader. Having
this type of activity taught me a lot, may it be for academics, my personal life, and my point of
view. Sir Roy Hernandez inspired me with his story on how he and his wife started, to take the
risk, and even to the darkest points of their business. My groupmates are also part of why I have
gained this much knowledge, working with them is as smooth as silk. Teamwork was there and
there were just minimal problems and misunderstandings that normally happen and were all
resolved.
Kristine Joyce Guevarra
Our interviewee is Mr. Roy Hernandez, the owner of Aqua DXB located in Bonifacio, St.
Public Market, Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro. He and his wife were part of the Overseas Filipino
Worker or OFW in Dubai when they came up with the idea to build a water station business. Mr.
Hernandez raised some interesting and valuable perspectives during the interview. First, in
choosing a business, you have to understand the needs of people to become successful; like what
Mr. Roy did, they decided to build a water station because it is a basic need and essential for the
people to survive. I think that is the important part of choosing a business because you need to
have some research about your area about the needs and wants of the people to ensure the success
of your business. Next, when he said, “We do not implement the “boss-employee” relationship,
we treat them as someone who is part of our family—I look at them just like how I look at my
kids—they are part of our family.” I appreciate how Mr. Hernandez treats his employees because
they treat them as a family, not a worker. It shows that Mr. Hernandez has a good relationship with
his employees, and he told his employees that the business will never be where it is now without
them. I think that’s why their business has been running for ten years because his employees
became loyal and committed to him for giving them an appreciation of their work, and trust that
lead them to success in the long term. Last, it was such an honor to interview Mr. Roy Hernandez
because I learned a lot from him in every answer that he told to us. It shows that Mr. Hernandez is
an excellent example of a successful entrepreneur. I’ve always wanted to have my own business,
but I did not fulfill my ideas. So, Mr. Hernandez motivates me that we need to think about
something when we have an idea of something. This project was a success because we successfully
finished it without having any problems and working as a group. This experience with Mr.
Hernandez and my groupmates helps me grow and learn about business, how to operate a business,
how to handle your employees, and how to build a successful business. It helped me understand
the business and learned how to cooperate with other people to learn more and improve.
Zhen Amielle Hernandez
According to Mkheimer (2018) “The success and development of a business are strongly
linked to leadership styles”. Employees and employers must work together to make the business
successful. Both must have their hundred percent on the table always to serve the people they work
for.
Water is essential and Mr. Roy took that as an edge in doing his business therefore he is
smart which is one of the characteristics of an entrepreneur. He has come up with different kinds
of strategy when he was starting the business which is the hardest part. Luckily, he did succeed in
doing so.
Being a boss isn’t just a position but rather a duty. You must manage your customers,
employees, and business all at once. It isn’t an easy job but is do-able. He said in this pandemic,
things changed but his mindset was positive. Though it has become tough for the business, he
remained as a positive thinker. He did not let the troubles get his way in pursuing the business. He
remained resilient to sustain the business.
To gain the customers’ loyalty, Mr. Roy maintained a good relationship with them. To him,
it is very much important to be in good terms with the people around him so that he would be
easily trusted and that is just basic decency to be good to others as well not just an entrepreneur
but as a person as well. Because of good relations, even his former employees can still go back to
his refilling water station and talk to them.
Being a leader/entrepreneur/boss is challenging because there are lots of characteristics
you must acquire to be one. Personally, I think the best way to get started on my journey to be a
leader is to be a good listener. Sounds cliché but that’s just the way it is. For sure, Mr. Roy first
became an employee before he became an employer.
To end, this activity has been quite an experience for me. I think we, my groupmates, all
did out part very well. If it hasn’t been for each one of them, this would be a very heavy task to
shoulder all by myself.
Amilia Meaunette Lacuesta
Establishing a business is no easy task. Maintaining it and keeping it afloat is more
challenging. What is even more difficult is keeping a business operating in the middle of a
pandemic. According to an article by Kris Crismundo of the Philippine News Agency, the
Department of Trade and Industry reported that closed businesses due to the implementation of
lockdowns climbed up to 10 percent as of June 2021 (Crismundo, 2021).
Our interviewee, Mr. Roy Hernandez, was asked about the most significant crisis his
business has ever faced in the interview. He answered that the most challenging problem his
business has ever dealt with is the ongoing pandemic. His business slowed down in the middle of
the pandemic, just how other businesses that are even bigger than his, also faced. However, despite
the challenges brought upon by the pandemic to his business, Aqua DXB is still continually
operating. He mentioned that Aqua DXB’s revenue has recovered from the effects of its slowing
down and is now thriving. Aqua DXB did not shut down and overcame its biggest crisis by far
with flying colors.
The fact that Aqua DXB has withstood such a challenging crisis astounded me because I
know just how difficult it must have been. I have experienced establishing a small online business
myself, but it, unfortunately, had to be closed down. Having interviewed Mr. Roy Hernandez and
having him share how his business overcame the most significant crisis it has ever experienced
has provided me with the knowledge that I could apply for when I plan to establish another startup. Hearing how Aqua DXB has victoriously survived amidst the pandemic was inspiring and has
taught me a lot. I could not have had such an experience had this activity not been done. I have
learned a lot concerning keeping a business operating, how to treat and deal with employees, and
what mindset a business owner should instill.
Overall, the interview experience has taught me a lot about what it is like to be a leader and
how to handle a business effectively. I have also learned a lot while working with my groupmates.
I had gotten to know the strengths and weaknesses of everyone in my group, which became helpful
when it came to the division of our tasks. Working with the group has also ignited my passion for
becoming an effective and efficient leader, which I think is vital for when I establish an even bigger
business in the future. Indeed, this experience had been a fun and educational one; and I would
treasure and put to practice everything that I have learned.
Amirah Adellaire Perez
My biggest takeaway from this experience is that employee relations play a key role in the
success of any business. Getting along with the individuals we work with will help us to
accomplish more. I am grateful for the opportunity to meet a businessman who has been in the
industry for 10 to 11 years. I noticed that he radiates a positive energy and is really passionate
about what he does. This experience has really improved my ability to identify different leadership
attributes. When he was discussing how he handles his staff, I was reminded of my father, who is
an OFW. My father chose to stay with his current employer because everyone is treated like a
family, and they are treasured. According to Miller (2018), employees will be more loyal and
perform better if they feel appreciated. In addition, this experience reminded me that getting along
with employees and making them pleased to work enables employers to operate their businesses
smoothly, which leads to success in the long term. This interview was a success because everyone
in our group gets along. I would like to work in groups more as it helps me to grow and learn how
to establish great relationships. This experience not only taught me valuable lessons, but it also
allowed me to collaborate with others and put my abilities to the test. All things considered; this
experience taught me the value of maintaining positive working relationships. It helped me
understand how beneficial it is to learn how to properly collaborate with others.
Brent Cyril Santos
Our interviewee is Mr. Roy Hernandez who is CEO and founder of Aqua DXB located in
Bonifacio, St. Public Market, Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro. The company has operated for 10
years, started in 2011.
During the conversation, Mr. Roy Hernandez brought up some interesting and useful
points. First, he stated that his purpose for becoming an entrepreneur is because of his confidence
that it will thrive. I have a lot of ideas about what I want to do with my life, but I'm constantly
unsure and lack the courage to make a decision. When Mr. Roy Hernandez said, "I'm confident in
my ability to run this type of business because I've taken business classes. I have a general
understanding and competence on how to operate this sort of business." I always wanted to have
my own business soon, so that's why I took a business-related course. I always wanted to have my
own business, but I never took action to make my dreams a reality. So, Mr. Roy Hernandez makes
it plain to me that when we have an idea for something, we must think it through thoroughly and
take risks. Also, taking action is critical. He also saw the potential that led to the establishment of
his company. A life-changing choice resulted in a thriving business. There are numerous options
available to me, but I never have the confidence to take chances or a risk. As a result, I missed out
on a number of excellent opportunities to follow my passion and dreams.
After conversing with Mr. Roy Hernandez, I am certain that a successful entrepreneur and
leader possesses distinct attributes and viewpoints. I also gathered that leadership entails
identifying community gaps or difficulties and developing solutions to assist individuals in dealing
with those challenges especially in the company. When he said, “We do not implement the “bossemployee” relationship, we treat them as someone who is part of our family—I look at them just
like how I look at my kids—they are part of our family” It means that Mr. Hernandez has a good
relationship with his employees and really treasure them and treat them as a family. It shows that
when you trust and appreciate your employees, they become more committed to doing their best
for your company, which is exactly why you recruited them in the first place. Employees that feel
undervalued or dissatisfied in their jobs are less productive, which can have a negative impact on
your company. I will always honor Mr. Roy Hernandez because I learned a lot from him, and I
realized many things. This demonstrates the value of my education. This course taught me
precisely what I needed to know, and it depends on me on how I will plot my decisions and make
my own way of dealing with my life.
Gwyneth Villarin
Mr. Roy Hernandez is the owner of Aqua DXB, a water refilling station located at
Bonifacio, St. Public Market, Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro. He is managing their family
business for over 10 years already. Before he became a CEO, he and his wife became a part of
OFW or Overseas Filipino Worker, they worked in Dubai, United Arab Emirates for 7 years. I
learned three things from Mr. Roy Hernandez about handling and managing a business. First,
before choosing a business you must learn how to manage or how to handle it because if you don’t
know anything about your chosen business, it will not last long. Second, don’t treat your
employees as your worker, treat them as a member of the family because I believe that’s how a
great CEO must be. I respect Mr. Roy Hernandez for treating his employees fairly, this kind of
CEO is a rare one because we all know that a lot of business owners mistreat their employees.
Lastly, to manage a business you need to trust yourself, you need to take a risk and you need to
come out of our comfort zone and try things that you never tried before. Trying out something new
is not a bad idea because it will lead you to a good and healthy life. It’s not bad to come out at your
comfort zone sometimes and it’s not bad if you take the risk or take the chance. It’s up to you if
you will take it or not because at the end of the day it’s your life and not ours.
References
Crismundo, K. (2021, July 7). Philippine News Agency. Retrieved from Closed biz amid Covid19 down to 10% in June: https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1146290
Miller, B. (2018, December 27). HR Daily Advisor. Retrieved from How to Make Employees
Feel Valued: https://hrdailyadvisor.blr.com/2018/12/27/how-to-make-employees-feelvalued/#:~:text=When%20employees%20feel%20valued%2C%20they,improved%20per
formance%20and%20reduced%20turnover.
Mkheimer, I. (2018). The Impact of Leadership Styles on Business Success: A Case Study on
SMEs in Amman. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 1.
Appendices
Leadership and Decision-Making Approval Form
Group Member Names:
Section: MGT1101Sec6
Date: November 3, 2021
Balicol, Yari Ashley
Guevarra, Kristine Joyce
Hernandez, Zhen Amielle
Lacuesta, Amilia Meaunette
Perez, Amirah Adellaire
Santos, Brent Cyril
Villarin, Gwyneth
Leader Name
1. Roy Hernandez
Position
Organization/Business
Owner
Aqua DXB
Submitted by: Amilia Meaunette C. Lacuesta
Approved by:
(SGD) Prof. Leonardo F. Cada, Jr.