Science Activity
Theme – Weaving Life With
Green Threads
Topic - Plantation –Germination
and Maintenance of Plant
Name – Yash Sharma
Class – 10 D
Roll No. - 58
Seeds
A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer
covering The formation of the seed is part of the process
of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including
the gymnosperm and angiosperm plants.
Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule,
after fertilization by pollen and some growth within the
mother plant. The embryo develops from the zygote, and the
seed coat from the integuments of the ovule.
Seeds have been an important development in the
reproduction and success of gymnosperm and angiosperm
plants, relative to more primitive plants such
as ferns, mosses and liverworts, which do not have seeds and
use water-dependent means to propagate themselves.
Types Of Seeds
1) Chia Seeds
Chia seeds are little black, grey, or white seeds that
have been popular in Central America since ancient
times, and they were a staple of the Aztec diet (1).
These seeds have become increasingly popular over the
past decade, and they are a rich source of omega-3 in
its alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) form.
2) Egusi Seeds
Egusi seeds are one of the lesser-known seeds in the
Western world. The seeds come from a type of sourtasting, watermelon-like fruit, which is incredibly bitter
(and also known as ‘sour apple’)
Additionally, these seeds tend to be ground into a
powder and then used as an ingredient in cooking due
to its thickening properties and flavorful taste.
3) Flax Seeds
Flax seeds are one of the most popular edible seed
varieties, and they come in several different forms:
 Whole flax seeds
 Ground flax powder
 Flax oil
Flax seeds are also sometimes known as linseeds, and
they come in two main varieties: brown and yellow.
4) Hemp Seeds
 Hemp seeds are among the most nutrientdense foods, and they contain high levels of
numerous vitamins and minerals.
 Some people enjoy the seeds raw, and
hemp flour is a popular ingredient for
baking purposes
5) Jackfruit Seeds
 Jackfruit is officially the biggest type of fruit in the
world
 Interestingly, the edible seeds of this giant fruit
have become popular in recent years.
 However, they are quite different from other
seeds in a nutritional sense. For example, jackfruit
seeds are primarily a source of carbohydrate
rather than fat.
Parts Of Seeds
Seed Coat
A seed coat protects the internal parts of a seed.
The seed coat has two layers. The outer layer is
thick and known as the testa. The inner layer is
thin and known as tegmen.
A thick seed coat protects the seed from sunlight
and water. It prevents the loss of water and entry
of parasites within the seeds. The hard seed coats
prevent germination during unfavourable
environmental conditions.
Endosperm
The endosperm contains the nutrients stored in
it. It provides nutrients to the seed in the
form of starch, carbohydrates and proteins to
support the embryo during germination. It is
located below the seed coat. The seeds
remain viable with the intake of nutrients until
germination.
The endosperm may be mealy, continuous or
ruminated. An endosperm has a triploid
chromosome complement.
Embryo
The embryo is the most important part of a seed. It is
diploid, developed from the fertilized egg. All the
cells that need to develop into a mature embryo
are present within the embryo. An embryo
comprises the following parts:
 Epicotyl
 Hypocotyl
 Radicle
 Cotyledons
Epicotyl is a small shoot which gives rise to the
entire plant shoot system.
The primary root emerges first during germination. It
is also known as hypocotyl. It anchors the plant
firmly in the soil.
Germination Of Seeds
Growing of Seedling
Transplantation Of Seedling

When the seedlings have developed their second
set of true leaves, it’s time to transplant or thin
them. If you don’t need many plants, you can thin
them in place: just pinch or snip off the excess
seedlings, leaving the remaining ones spaced about
2 inches apart. Seedlings in individual pots or cells
should be thinned to one plant per pot or cell. If
you want to save most of the plants that have
germinated, you’ll need to transplant them to
larger containers for growth to planting-out size.
It’s best to use individual pots or cell-packs for
this purpose so that seedlings won’t suffer much
root disturbance when planted out in the garden.
Transplantation Of Seedling
Thank You