ChemThink: Covalent Bonding
fight for
Covalent bonding forms when atoms are ___________________
electrons.
When two atoms get close enough, the nucleus attracts the other atom’s
( Protons / Neutrons / Electrons ).
Before bonding, the atom’s electrons spend most of their time
repeling
___________________
the nuclei of each atom. Once bonded, the
electrons spend most of their time ___________________the
two nuclei.
between
Text
Atoms must be able to hold onto their own ___________________,
while
Text
___________________
another atom’s electron.
Covalent bonds form between two ___________________.
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When atoms move closer, the potential energy ( Increases / Decreases ).
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At a certain point the potential energy ___________________
if you try
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and move the atoms closer because the ___________________
in each
nucleus are ___________________
each other.
Text
Text
The ideal distance between the atoms is known as the ________________.
Text
Lower in energy = ___________________
Bond Type Draw an Example # of paired eSingle
H-H
1
Double
O=O
2
Triple
N
N
3
Total # of
e- shared
2
4
Strongest/
Weakest
third
second
6
first
Naming Simple Covalent Compounds:
di
The ending of the name of the second element is changed to ___________.
Prefixes are added to the beginning of some element names, and are used
the
number of
to tell us ___________________
___________________
atoms of that
element are present in the ___________________.
bond
The following prefixes are used in covalent compounds:
Prefix
Means
Prefix
mono-
1
hexa-
di-
2
hepta-
7
tri-
3
octa-
8
tetra-
4
nona-
9
deca
10
penta-
5
Means
6
mono
Exception: You never use the prefix ____________
if there is only one
first
atom of the _____________
element.
Examples:
N2O
di
NO2
nitrogen dioxide
N2O4
dinitrogen tetraroxide
N2O3
NO
S2Cl2
dinitrogen trioxide
nitrogen oxide
Disulfur dichloride
SO2
Sulfur dioxide
S2O3
Disulfur trioxide
2SO
Disulfur monoxide
SO3
Sulfur trioxide