Ch. 32 Lower Respiratory System Drugs Study Guide Overall Suggestions: Read over your chapter. Review Drug Summary Tables: Classifications, Uses, ADRs (Slides will have some common drugs) Review Patient Education suggestions. What is the proper way to use an inhaler? Review NCLEX questions at the end of the chapter. Asthma What are some common triggers for Asthma? What are some clinical signs of Asthma? Cough, wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea, tachypnea What are the names and action of some drugs used to manage symptoms of asthma? Shortacting Beta Agonists (SABAs), Long-acting beta agonists (LABA), antiasthma (ICS) Adrenergic Bronchodilators What is the primary action of an adrenergic bronchodilator? What are the differences between SABA and LABA drugs? Critical Thinking: What is the main purpose of Rescue inhalers? Under what circumstances are they most helpful? What are some common ADRs with adrenergic bronchodilators? What patient education would you provide about adrenergic bronchodilators? Xanthine bronchodilators What is the action of a xanthine bronchodilator? What are some common ADRs? What are some signs of toxicity with xanthine bronchodilators? n/v/d, anorexia, stomach cramping, seizures, arrythmias, headache, insomnia What is the normal serum level of xanthine drugs? 5-15mcg/mL Inhaled Corticosteroids What are the actions of inhaled corticosteroids? What respiratory reactions (ADRs) are patients monitored for? What are some ADRs? How does the patient prevent development of thrush? Mast Cell Stabilizers What are the actions of mast cell stabilizer drugs? 1 What are some ADRs? Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists What are the actions of Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists? Why are Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists not used during an acute asthma attack? Nursing Process Lower Respiratory Drugs What should be included in an assessment for lower respiratory drugs? What is important to include in patient instruction and education related to actions of drugs? What drugs are needed for acute symptoms management and what drugs are needed for long term control? SABA PRN SABA (1st) & ICS (2nd) LABA & ICS Lower Respiratory Drugs Nursing Diagnoses: What are some causes for Anxiety? Inability to breathe What nursing interventions would be helpful to decrease anxiety? Speak in a calm voice, reassure patient, check BP and pulse regularly, explain the effects of the drug What are some causes for Ineffective Airway Clearance? bronchospasms What nursing interventions would be helpful to improve airway clearance? IS, Atrial flutter, elevate HOB, cough/deep breathe exercises What are some causes for Impaired Oral Mucous Membranes? ICS & inhaled mast cell stabilizers promote fungal infection What interventions would be helpful to decrease dryness? Frequent sips of water, sucking on hard candies, chewing SF gum, gargling w/ water after use of medication, daily tooth brushing What are some causes of Imbalanced Nutrition related to less than body requirements? Nausea, unpleasant taste/smell What are some interventions that may be helpful? Frequent small meals, elevate HOB, provide calm environemtent What is some enrivonmental education that you can provide patients for help with managing asthma (box 32.3)? avoid smoking, pet dander, wear a scarf if cold weather triggers, wash sheets/blankets frquently 2
