Basics of Video Editing: 10 Essential Film Cuts
movavi.io/basic-editing-cuts/
What makes a good video? Interesting and unique content, good sound and a perfectly
synchronized soundtrack, great color correction… and, of course, precise and thoughtful
editing.
Sure, you could just put your clips together on the timeline and be done. But video editing
can be so much more than that. By using different editing techniques, you can direct
viewers’ attention, set the mood for your movie, and deliver an exceptional cinematic
experience to your audience. Want to learn how to do all that?
Start with the basic editing cuts! These are techniques every filmmaker worth their salt
should know.
How They Look
We divided basic transitions into two categories: the actual cuts and different techniques for
using them. First, we’re going to talk about the cuts in terms of how they look in your video
editing suite.
Straight Cut (or Standard Cut)
This is the most basic cut: two clips joined together on the timeline. This is the default cut:
one clip ends, the next one begins. The audio track changes at the same time as the clip. If
you’ve ever merged two or more videos on one timeline, then you’ve created a straight cut.
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Jump Cut
A jump cut is a cut between two shots of the same objects in the same setting – and often
shot from the same (or almost the same) camera angle. This technique is often used in
YouTube vlogs and TV interviews: the audio track stays uninterrupted, but the visual of the
protagonist changes.
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In movies, this technique is often used to achieve the effect of moving forward in time.
Split Edit: J-Cut and L-Cut
A split edit is when the audio from one clip leads or trails the cut. For example, when video
A is still playing, but the audiotrack changes to the one for video B, that’s a J-cut. And when
the video changes to clip B, but the audio from clip A remains, that’s an L-cut. These cuts
got their names from how they look on the editing timeline:
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Split editing makes transitions between clips look smooth and seamless.
Transition
Last but not least, there are transitions. Basically, a transition any cut in which you use any
of the effects your software provides between the video clips.
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How to Use Cuts
Now that you know the basic techniques of arranging your footage and audio tracks on the
timeline, let’s see how you can use them in practice to enhance your videos.
Cut on Action
Cut on action is a transition from one frame to another in the middle of a character’s action.
For example, in this scene we first see Morphius standing facing the window in a wide shot.
And as he turns his face towards the camera, the frame changes to a close-up.
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Match Cut
As the name implies, a match cut is used to link two different scenes that have something in
common, some matching component. It can be anything from the composition of the frame
to the movement of a character. In this scene, for instance, we see a match cut to transition
from one set of characters to another:
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Here, the technique is used to show the similarities between the families. In some
situations, the same cut might be used to demonstrate the contrast between scenes or
characters. For example, like this textbook example of a match cut:
Cut to the Music
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Another technique is to synchronize the cuts with the rhythm of the soundtrack. This is often
used in TV commercials and, naturally, music videos. Sometimes you might notice this type
of transitions in movies, too:
Montage
The term “montage” is often used to describe a series of separate shots placed on the
timeline in chronological order, often set to music. Filmmakers use this technique to fastforward time and show a longer action through short bursts. You’ve for sure seen this effect
in movies during scenes when the main character is getting ready or moving to
somewhere:
Cross Cut (Parallel Editing)
To show two or more different scenes that are happening simultaneously, many directors
use cross cuts. This technique involves constant switching between equally important
scenes. In The Godfather, for instance, parallel editing is used to show two aspects of the
main character’s life and the contrast between them:
Cutaway and Insert
The terms “cutaway” and “insert” describe using b-roll footage to make a video more
detailed and comprehensive. An insert shot is a close-up on some object that’s already in
the main scene. For example, in this scene, Hermione opens a book and when the frame
changes, viewers can see the pages and read them with the heroine:
And a cutaway is a technique when you, well, cut away from your main shot to a different
scene, which represents something the characters are talking or thinking about. For
example, here we first see Tom Riddle’s face, and then Ginny’s actions that he’s
describing:
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That’s it! These are the simplest techniques you can use to make your movies richer and
more interesting. Use them well
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