THE UNITED NATIONS
Dana Sajadi
1-10-2021
Contents
• Definition Of U.N
• The origin of U.N
• U.N Bodies
• U.N Purposes and Goals
Definition of U.N
Is a global diplomatic and political organization ,and it is the most important
international institution of our time, an organization of independent countries
that works together for maintaining international peace and stability .
It was officially established in 1945 following the horrific events of World
War 2
Initially had just 51 member states and its current membership 193
Definition of U.N
the United Nations reflect the needs and hopes of not just the governments
but the people of the world at large , preventing conflict , providing food and
medical assistant in emergencies and offering humanitarian to million of
people around the world
The Origin of U.N
The first half of the twentieth century witnessed two World Wars that caused
death to 80 million people. Each of those wars strengthened the
determination of world leaders and people to set up institutions for peaceful
world and a mechanism to prevent future wars
the allied powers led by the USA, former Soviet Union and the UK started
planning an organization in place of the League of Nations. The US
president, Roosevelt and the British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill
signed the Atlantic Charter in August 1941 indicating their desire for a postwar peace institution and outlined ideal goals of war and paved the way for
the development of U.N
U.N Bodies
1. General Assembly
Is the main and central policymaking body of the U.N that votes on decisions, the
organization makes The Assembly discusses problems brought to it.
makes recommendations on peace and security questions, admits new members,
and adopts UN budget
All the 193 members are represented in this branch ,Irrespective of size or strength,
every member has one vote in the Assembly
U.N Bodies
2. The Security Council
the Security Council has primary responsibility for questions of peace and security.
investigate any dispute or situation which might lead to international conflict.
To recommend methods and terms of settlement.
To recommend actions against any threat or act of aggression.
U.N Bodies
2. The Security Council
The Security Council has 15 members. 5 are permanent members: China, France,
the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States. The other ten
non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly for two-year terms
and are chosen on the basis of geographical representation.
U.N Bodies
3. The Economic and Social Council
The Economic and Social Council is the forum to discuss economic problems, such
as trade, transport, economic development, and social issues. It also helps countries
reach agreement on how to improve education and health conditions and to
promote respect for and observance of universal human rights and freedoms of
people everywhere.
It consist of 54 members who are elected by the general assembly for 3 years .
U.N Bodies
4. International court of justice
It is responsible for settling legal disputes , judgments on disputes between states,
including cases on territorial boundaries, diplomatic relations, not interfering in
countries’ domestic affairs, Only countries, not individuals, can take cases before
the Court. Once a country agrees to let the Court act on a case, it must agree to
comply with the Court’s decision.
U.N Bodies
5. The Secretariat
The Secretariat headed by the Secretary-General, consists of an international staff
working at the United Nations Headquarters in New York, and all over the world. It
carries out the day-to-day work of the Organization. Its duties are as varied as the
problems dealt with by the United Nations. These range from administering
peacekeeping operations to mediating international disputes or surveying social and
economic trends and problems.
Main Purposes and Goals
• to maintain international peace and security through collective measures for
suppression of aggression and through peaceful settlement of disputes
•
to develop friendly relations among countries based on full respect for the principle
of equality and self-determination
•
to achieve international cooperation in the economic, social, cultural or humanitarian
fields, and to solve any problems
•
To work together to help poor people live better lives, to conquer hunger, disease and
illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each other’s rights and freedoms
THANK YOU