BÁO CÁO ĐIỆN TOÁN ĐÁM MÂY
Đề tài: Multi-core technologies
Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Cô …………
Thành Viên: Phan Thanh Lâm – 19110230
Nguyễn Hữu Đức Thành – 19110026
Nguyên Phú Quốc – 19110
1. Multicore Technology
In multicore technology, two or more CPUs are working together on the same chip. In this type
of architecture, a single physical processor contains the core logic of two or more processors. These
processors are packaged into a single integrated circuit (IC). These single ICs are called a die.
Multicore technology can also refer to multiple dies packaged together. This technology enables
the system to perform more tasks with a greater overall system performance. It also helps in
reducing the power consumption and achieving more efficient, simultaneous processing of
multiple tasks. Multicore technology can be used in desktops, mobile personal computers (PCs),
servers, and workstations. Hence, this technology is used to speed up the processing in a
multitenant cloud environment. Multicore architecture has become the recent trend of highperformance processors, and various theoretical and case study results illustrate that multicore
architecture is scalable with the number of cores.
2. How It Works
The multi-core processor technology was conceptualized and has revolved around the idea of
being able to make parallel computing possible. Parallel computing could dramatically increase
the speed, efficiency and performance of computers by simply putting 2 or more Central
Processing Units (or CPU) in only one chip. This would ultimately minimize the power and heat
consumption of the system while still being able to greatly boost system performance without
sacrificing energy consumption limits. This would give more performance with less or with the
same amount of energy. The multi-core technology would also enable users to do more tasks at
the same time. Since more computing workloads could be done at the same time, manufacturers
such as Intel and AMD could focus more on increasing computing and processing performance
without increasing clock speeds and thus avoid the need for consuming more energy. Multi-core
processors work at their full potential if they are used with multi-threaded programs or software.
Multithreaded software could include applications and most importantly operating systems that
have the ability to split tasks and commands into a set of separate workloads that could then be
processed and run simultaneously on each of the cores present. This means more work is done in
less time.
3. Multicore Processors and VM Scalability
In the multicore processor–based system for cloud, state-of-the-art computer architectures are
used to allow multiple VMs to scale as long as the cache, memory, bus, and network bandwidth
limits are not reached. Thus, in the cloud computing domain, the CPU and memory-intensive
virtualized workloads should scale up to the maximum limits imposed by the memory architecture
4. Multicore Technology and the Parallelism in Cloud
In multicore chips, multiple simpler processors are deployed instead of a single large one, and
the parallelism becomes exposed to programmers [5,6]. In the processor design, the development
of multicore processors has been a significant recent architectural development. In order to exploit
thisarchitectural design fully, the software running on this hardware needs to exhibit concurrent
behavior. This fact places greater emphasis on the principles, techniques, and technologies of
concurrency. Multicore architecture dominates the server cloud today as it improves the speed and
efficiency of processing in cloud. In this case, the main issue is how efficiently the multicore chips
are used in the server clouds today in order to gain the real parallelism in terms of performance
gain in a multitenant cloud environment through efficient programming.
5. Case Study
Chip-maker Intel has launched a second-generation family of system on chip (SoC) for
microservers [7]. A 64-bit Intel Atom C2000 SoC product is designed for microservers and storage
and networking platforms. This is suitable for software-defined networking (SDN). Microservers
are tiny, power-efficient machines designed to handle light workloads such as entrylevel web
hosting. They are suited for small or temporary jobs without provisioning resources from
contemporary high-end servers. The Atom C2000 is based on the Silvermont microarchitecture
and is aimed at improving performance and energy efficiency. It features up to eight cores, up to
20 W TDP (Thermal Design Power), integrated Ethernet and supports up to 64 GB of memory. It
addresses the specialized needs for securing and routing Internet traffic more efficiently. The webhosting service company 1&1 has tested Atom C2000 as a pilot and is planning to deploy the chip
in its entrylevel dedicated hosting service. Telecommunications provider Ericsson will also add
Atom C2000 SoC to its cloud service platform
6. Applications
Multi-core technology is useful especially in very demanding applications and tasks such
as video editing, encoding and 3D gaming. The full effect and the advantage of having a multicore computer, however, is felt only when it is used together with a multithreading operating
system such as Windows XP or Linux and with applications that are capable of multithreading.
Even when applications are not multithreaded, it is possible for a multithreaded operating system
to properly delegate tasks to multiple cores helping the system manage the workload on each core.
Applications that are large resource consumers, such as 3D games, or office suites with lots of
middleware will be less effective, however, since all tasks related to those specific applications
will have to be delegated to a single core for proper operation. It is expected that most application
development efforts will focus on multithreaded models, making multi-core systems more and
more desirable.
7. Issues
As of now, most computer applications are not yet capable of splitting their tasks into
workloads that could be separately processed on each core. It would still take time before the
software industry catches up with computer processor manufacturers and create applications with
multithreading capabilities. Moreover, even the programs and operating systems that have the
ability to split tasks into several threads are still far from being able to maximize the multi-core
technology's potential. Experts claim that the structure of software and applications that exist today
and the design of most computer hardware are made for multiple homogeneous cores so they're
really not made for optimal usage of multi-core technology. Many applications are coded without
resource consumption in mind, as with many of the most popular office packages and 3D games,
which will not allow the multi-core system to assist in workload management.