ECC – Information
Superiority
Ministry of Defence
Architectural Framework
(MODAF)
Institute of Electrical Engineers
Commander Bill Biggs Royal Navy
17th February 2005
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
IA
Why Enterprise Architecture?
“The committee believes that the absence of an enterprise
architecture has been a major contributor to the problems
faced by the implementers of the [FBI's] Trilogy program.
That is, the lack of an architecture to guide the planning of an
information and communication infrastructure has resulted in
improvisation that has virtually no chance of resulting in a
well-ordered infrastructure for the enterprise to build upon. In
fact, merely providing parts (e.g., computers and accessories,
piece-part applications, and so on) is like buying brick, mortar,
and lumber and expecting a builder to produce a functional
building without benefit of building codes, blueprints, or an
understanding of how people will use the building.”
National Research Council, “A Review of the FBI’s Trilogy Information Technology Modernization
Program”, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, National Academies Press, Washington,
D.C., 2004
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF
• The business requirement for MODAF
• MODAF explained
– What is it?
– How will it work?
– How is it being delivered?
• MODAF Meta Model
• Technical enablers for MODAF
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF
• The business requirement for MODAF
• MODAF explained
– What is it?
– How will it work?
– How is it being delivered?
• MODAF Meta Model
• Technical enablers for MODAF
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Network Enabled Capability
• “NEC is the linking of sensors, decision makers
and weapon systems so that information can be
translated into synchronised and overwhelming
military effect at optimum tempo.”
General Fulton, CM(IS), July 2002
• NEC is about joining up the business and
battlespace
• Enables us to federate systems, sensors,
effectors and hence improve military
effectiveness
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
What is wrong with current situation?
• Life has become too complicated for ad-hoc
acquisition.
– Projects and programmes now link and overlap.
– Multiple operational, technical and service boundaries
emerging, which must be managed coherently.
– Overlapping functionality in subsystems, eg BISA’s.
• The GII – not to mention NEC – requires key
end-to-end properties to be assured whilst
delivering “more for less”
– Security, safety, performance, scalability, ease of upgrade.
• Without change, we run the risk:
– at best of inefficiency - project activities wrongly phased,
reproduced or repeated.
– at worst of major performance gaps overlooked, or
emerging late in acquisition, requiring expensive remedial
action.
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
… and we could improve acquisition
House of Commons Defence Committee
Defence Procurement, Sixth report of session 2003-04
“The performance of the Defence Procurement Agency in 2002–03
can only be described as woeful.”
“The substantial in-year cost increases of some £3.1billion will have a
major impact on the current equipment plan and must inevitably lead
to cancellations or cuts in equipment projects, or delays in ordering
equipment.”
“…a key underlying cause of poor performance, in terms of
delivering projects to time and cost, has been MoD’s failure to invest
enough money and time to sufficiently de-risk projects in the
Assessment Phase.”
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Architectures and Architectural
Frameworks
Architectures:
• “A formal description of a
system … at component
level to guide its
implementation”
• “The structure of
components and their
interrelationships”
• A set of views that describe
system(s) of interest at a
certain point in time
Architectural
Frameworks:
• “A tool which can be used
for developing a broad
range of different
architectures.”
• “Provides a common
vocabulary”
• Provides a basis for
comparing and analysing
architectures
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Why are we using MODAF?
• By providing a common “language” to describe
MoD business it:
– Gives a means of managing across all lines of
development / through life
– Allows the identification of overlap, duplication, gaps
– Enables unambiguous requirements that enhance
interoperability
– Provides commonality and rigour to MoD processes
– Provides improved contextual information on the systems
to the approving authorities
• All of which allow more efficient use of the budget
and delivery of enhanced capability
Essential enabler for NEC
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF
• The business requirement for MODAF
• MODAF explained
– What is it?
– How will it work?
– How is it being delivered?
• MODAF Meta Model
• Technical enablers for MODAF
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Foundations of MoD Architecture
MODAF
Style guide for
building
architectures
Enterprise
Architecture
MODAF Meta
Model
Object
Taxonomy
Language for
describing EA and
its elements
Meta-data for
categorising EA
elements
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Harmonising multiple perspectives
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Architectural Framework - DoDAF
“the structure of components, their relationships, and the principles and
guidelines governing their design and evolution over time”
Applied to the Enterprise
across:
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF Views
• MODAF is based upon DoDAF but with
tailoring to MoD lifecycle / processes and as a
result of US and UK lessons learned
• Most DoDAF views will be incorporated
largely as-is with tailoring to MoD
terminology, ERM, etc
• Some DoDAF views may be modified to
incorporate lessons learned
• Two new viewpoints included:
– Strategic Views – mainly support capability
management
– Acquisition Views – support the acquisition
lifecycle
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF
• The business requirement for MODAF
• MODAF explained
– What is it?
– How will it work?
– How is it being delivered?
• MODAF Meta Model
• Technical enablers for MODAF
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Outline MODAF Concept of Use
Capability
Management
SCV-2
SCV-3
SCV-4
…
StV
NEC Use Cases
SAG Scenarios
IERs
…
CRD
Gap
User
Requirements
Use
Cases
OV-1
OV-2
OV-3
…
JSP
DEF STAN
STANAG
ISO
…
(Acquisition
Processes)
OV
URD
Standards
Assurance
TV-1
TV-2
TV
ARP
SRD
Architecture
Repository
Architecture
Coordination
SV-1
SV-2
SV-3
…
SV-8
SV-9
SV
Acquisition
TDPs
Research &
Technology
AcV
AcV-2
CIP
Fielding
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF
• The business requirement for MODAF
• MODAF explained
– What is it?
– How will it work?
– How is it being delivered?
• MODAF Meta Model
• Technical enablers for MODAF
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Development of MODAF
Initial views
& consensus work on
meta-model
Initial MARS paper
& selection of XMI
MODAF
Full piloting
View Development
MODAF validation
Meta-model update
XMI & MARS update
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF Development
• Will utilise existing DoDAF products where
possible
• Similar documentation approach to DoDAF –
executive summary, handbook, desk book
• Will develop progressively with multi-stage
stakeholder reviews to minimise surprises and
volume of new material at each stage
• Using white papers as discussion documents
prior to integrating the full MODAF product
set
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF Change Programme
• Central equipment customer is overall
project manager
• Core funding for framework, enablers and
aspects of governance
• Training & population activity costs outside
scope
• Federated approach to change
• Approved target is validated MODAF by
Jun 05
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Piloting Objectives
• Validation of framework and enabling
elements
• Testing the ease of implementing MODAF
views
• Understanding the relationship between
MODAF and project processes
• Develop populated MODAF example views for
use in COI Deskbooks
• Proving tool interchange
• Assess benefits realisation
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF
• The business requirement for MODAF
• MODAF explained
– What is it?
– How will it work?
– How is it being delivered?
• MODAF Meta Model
• Technical enablers for MODAF
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Enterprise Architecture
MODAF Meta Model
Architectural, model-based approach
Enterprise Architecture is a
architectural, model-based
approach to understanding,
analysing and resolving
enterprise issues
Good, focused modelling
Better descriptions
• Consistent models
• Rich diagrams and views
• Integrated Repository
understanding, analysing and resolving
EA queries & views
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF & UML/SysML
• Underlying architecture and consistency
are key factors
• 20 of 33 views will have UML
representation
• Significant UML ‘back catalogue’ & user
community
• Choice of XMI for tool interchange
• Majority of tool support will be UML based
• International & industrial dimensions
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF Meta Model
• SysML
– Modelling language for systems engineering
– Key Concepts:
• Activity: concept for modelling behaviour
• Assembly: concept for modelling structures which have
behaviour
• MODAF Meta Model
– Consistently models a complex system of systems
– Extends SysML with concepts applicable to modelling
an enterprise
– Focused modelling of operational, system,
implementation and programme viewpoints
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF Meta Model (M3) & UML
Meta Object Facility (MOF)
UML 2 Meta-Model
SysML Profile
M3 Profile
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Example
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF
• The business requirement for MODAF
• MODAF explained
– What is it?
– How will it work?
– How is it being delivered?
• Architectural Modelling Language
• Technical enablers for MODAF
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
MODAF Dependencies
•
•
•
•
Architectural Repository
M3 & Toolset Interchange Mechanism
Taxonomy
Tool interchange & vendor support
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
Conclusions
• Business need & high level commitment
strong
• Intense development to date
• Potent mix of AFs and UML
• Plan for validated framework by Jun 05
with many more deliverables by April
• More information from MODAF.com
website.
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
ECC – Information
Superiority
Ministry of Defence
Architectural Framework
(MODAF)
Institute of Electrical Engineers
Commander Bill Biggs Royal Navy
17th February 2005
Developing the MOD Architectural Framework
IA