MBC 213
1. True statement :
A. Endocrine disorders can be classified based on intensity of hormonal activity
B. Intensity of hormonal activity can be hyper functional
C. Intensity of hormonal activity can be hypofunctional
D. Hyper function can be due to increased concentration of the hormone in circulation
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
2. False statement:
A. Endocrine disorders can be classified according to endocrine disorder origin
B. In terms of hormonal activity intensity, there is no hypofunction of hormones
C. Endocrine disorder can be due to decreased secretion
D. Endocrine disorder can be due to decreased concentration in the blood
E. Endocrine disorders can be genetic
ANSWER: B
3. Acquired causes of endocrine disorders include ____________
A. Tumors
B. Inflammatory lesions
C. Disorders of nutrition
D. All of the above
E. Non of the above
ANSWER: D
4. False statement concerning panhypopituitarism
A. growth hormone is involved
B. The term refers to increased secretion of anterior pituitary hormones
C. Dwarfism could occur
D. The features of the body develope in appropriate proportion to each other
E. The rate of development could decrease
ANSWER: B
5. Which of these statements is incorrect concerning giantism
A. There is decreased secretion of growth hormone
B. It occurs in children
C. It can occur in adolescents
D. All body tissues grow rapidly
E. Heights increase to as much as 8-9 feet
ANSWER: A
6. True of acromegaly:
A. Occurs in children
B. Occurs before the epiphyses of the long bones have fused with the shafts
C. Persons can grow taller
D. Soft tissues stop growing
E. Non of the above
ANSWER: E
7. In acromegaly:
A. Growth hormone is under secreted
B. Enlargement is especially marked in the small bone of the hands
C. Small bones of the feet do not enlarge
D. Membranous bones do not enlarge
E. The lower jaw bone does not enlarge
ANSWER:A
8. Correct statement concerning anti diuretic hormone
A. it is secreted from the posterior pituitary gland
B. Diabetes insipidus is due to its deficiency
C. Its acronym is ADH
D. All of the above
E. Non of the above
ANSWER: D
9. Concerning ADH,which is wrong
A. It can be hypothalamic in origin
B. It can be due to head trauma
C. It can be caused by infections
D. It can be due to tumors involving the hypothalamus
E. Non of the above
ANSWER: E
10. True of Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus:
A. The kidney is unable to respond to ADH
B. It could be due to some types of renal disease
C. Mutations of the ADH receptor gene is implicated
D. Gene encoding aquaporin – 2 – has been implicated
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
11. Incorrect statement concerning hypothyroidism:
A. It is the hypo secretion of the thyroid gland
B. It can lead to goitre
C. Goitre is the swelling of the thyroid gland
D. Lack of sodium prevents production of thyroid hormone
E. Thyroid hormone is produced in the thyroid gland
ANSWER: D
12. In hypothyroidism, _________
A. Thyroid hormones are inadequately produced
B. Production of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is uninhibited
C. TSH is produced in the anterior pituitary gland
D. There is excessive secretion of TSH
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
13. Correct of hypothyroidism :
A. Thyroid cells secret large amounts of thyroglobulin
B. Thyroglobulin is secreted into the thyroid follicles
C. Goitre occurs
D. Weight gain could occur
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
14. Concerning Myxedema, which statement is false
A. There is good function of thyroid gland
B. There is decreased quantity of proteoglycans
C. Proteoglycan involved is mainly hyaluronic acid
D. Total interstitial fluid increases
E. Facial edema results
ANSWER: A
15. In hyperthyroidism, _________
A. The size of the thyroid gland is increased
B. More thyroglobulin is synthesized
C. More T3 and T4 are synthesized
D. More iodine is taken up
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
16. True concerning Graves disease
A. It is the most common cause of endogenous hyperthyroidism
B. It is an autoimmune disorder
C. Exophthalmus (Protruding eyes) occurs
D. Pretibial myxedema occurs
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
17. Excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone could be caused by __________
A. Parathyroid gland disease
B. Kidney disease
C. Deficiency in calcium
D. High levels of phosphorus in the diet
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
18. False concerning hypoparathyroidism:
A. There is decreased concentrations of calcium in the blood
B. There is increased concentrations of phosphorus in the blood
C. It is due to the surgical removal of the adrenal gland
D. It is due to diseases that destroy the parathyroid gland
E. It is due to hyposecretion
ANSWER: C
19.Incorrect concerning vitamin D3
A. It is also known as calciferol
B. It is not a hormone
C. It is fat soluble
D. It is a steroid
E. It maintains blood calcium level
ANSWER: B
20. Correct of vitamin D
A. It maintains blood phosphorus level
B. It is produced in the skin
C. Its production involves the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol
D. Ultraviolet rays is involved in its biosynthesis
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
21. True of Rickets
A. Occurs in adults
B. There is sufficient levels of calcium in bones
C. There is sufficient levels of phosphorus in bones
D. There is no failure of deformity of long bones
E. Non of the above
ANSWER: E
22. True of Osteomalacia
A. Occurs in adult
B. There Is proximal muscle weakness
C. There is bone fragility
D. It can only occur in mature skeleton
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
23. Incorrect statement involving diabetes mellitus
A. It is a metabolic disorder
B. There is insulin lack
C. It could be due to insulin antagonists
D. Type I is insulin independent
E. There is hyperglycemia
ANSWER: D
24. True of type II diabetes mellitus
A. It is maturity onset
B. It is usually associated with obesity
C. It could be associated with mutations in pancreatic glucokinase
D. It could be associated with specific nuclear transcription factors
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
25. True of secondary insulin diabetes
A. There is a hyperfunction of insulin antagonists
B. It could be caused by acromegaly
C. It could occur in cushings disease
D. It could be caused by hyper thyroidism
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
26.Which of these is absent in Diabetes mellitus
A. Decreased production of ketone bodies
B. Lowered PH of the blood
C. Dehydration
D. Negative nitrogen balance
E. Increased gluconeogenesis
ANSWER: A
27. True of hyper insulinism
A. Could occur in islet- cell tumors
B. There is an overproduction of insulin
C. There is hypoglycemia
D. It could result from insulin overdose
E. All of the following
ANSWER: E
28. True of Cushing’s syndrome
A. It is due to hypoadrenalism
B. It is due to abnormal amounts of of cortisol
C. High levels of androgen is of no significance
D. There is low secretion of steroids
E. The adrenal gland is not involved
ANSWER: B
29. In Cushing’s syndrome,_________
A. There is mobilization of fat
B. There is deposition of fat in the thoracic region
C. Buffalo torso occurs
D. There is moon face appearance
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
30. In Addison’s disease
A. There is hypoadrenalism
B. The adrenal cortex produces adrenocortical hormones
C. There is increased sodium reabsorption
D. Chloride ion level in the urine reduces
E. Sodium ion level in the urine decreases
ANSWER: A
31. True of hormonal therapy
A. It is the use of hormones in medical treatment
B. Hormone antagonists may also be used
C. The most general classes of hormone therapy are oncologic hormone therapy and hormone
replacement
D. It is important in male menopause
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
32. Incorrect pair in hormone therapy
A. Aging men -------- Testoterone
B. Klinefelter syndrome ---------- Testoterone
C. Turner syndrome ------------ Growth hormone
D. Goitre --------------------- Estrogen
E. Menopause ----------- Estrogen
ANSWER: E
33. In pregnancy test, most chemical tests look for the presence of ___________
A. Follicle stimulating hormone
B. Testoterone
C. Human chorionic gonadotropin
D. Estrogen
E. Progesterone
ANSWER: C
34. Test for fertility involves the following hormones except __________
A. Follicle stimulating hormone
B. Estradiol
C. Leutinizing hormone
D. Progesterone
E. Non of the above
ANSWER: E
35. True of C – peptide test:
A. Serum levels aid in the diagnosis of hypoglycemia
B. Urine levels aid in the diagnosis of hypoglycemia
C. It Is done in conjunction with blood glucose in the different diagnosis of hypoglycemia
D. C- peptide consists of 31 amino acids
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
36. Hormones are produced by
A. Exocrine glands
B. Paracrine glands
C. Endocrine glands
D. Mesocrine glands
E. Ectocrine glands
ANSWER: C
37. Which of the following statements is correct
A. Hormones responses are usually faster than nervous
B. Hormones act on or around organs that secret them
C. Hormones responses are usually slower than nervous
D. Nervous responses are slower than hormones
E. All of the above
ANSWER: C
38. Endocrine gland in the neck region in adult include
A. Andrenal
B. Parathyroid
C. Thymus
D. Adenoid
E. Tonsil
ANSWER: B
39. The endocrine organ that secret the hormone atrial natiuretic peptide (ANP) is
A. Lung
B. Pancreas
C. Stomach
D. Heart
E. Liver
ANSWER: D
40. The following are the events involved in hormone signaling
A. Reception
B. Transduction
C. Response
D. All of the above
E. b and c only
ANSWER: D
41. Hormones are broadly classified into two namely
A. Endocrine and Steroid
B. Exocrine and Endocrine
C. Steroid and Exocrine
D. Steroid and Non Steroid
E. Endocrine and Non Endocrine
ANSWER: D
42. Gonadal hormones are example of ----------------type of hormones
A. Non steroid
B. Steroid
C. Amino acid
D. Prostaglandin
E. None of the above
ANSWER: B
43. Vitamin D is an example of -------------------------type of hormones
A. Non steroid
B. Steroid
C. Amino acid
D. Prostaglandin
E. None of the above
ANSWER: A
44. Second messager is important in the action of ----------------class of hormones
A. Amide
B. Non amide
C. Non steroid
D. Steroid
E. All of the above
ANSWER:C
45. --------type of hormones bind to membrane receptors
A. Amide
B.
C.
D.
E.
Non amide
Non steroid
Steroid
All of the above
ANSWER: C
46. The following hormones important in glycogen metabolism except:
A. Glucagon
B. Insulin
C. Epinephrine
D. Glycogen synthase
E. None of the above
ANSWER: D
47. Glycogen has -------number of amino acid residues
A. 29
B. 54
C. 27
D. 58
E. None
ANSWER: A
48. Which of these stamen is correct
A. Low blood glucose levels cause glycogen degradation
B. Low blood glucose levels cause glycogen synthesis
C. High blood glucose levels cause glycogen degradation
D. High blood glucose levels cause glucagon secretion
E. High blood glucose levels cause epinephrine secretion
ANSWER: A
49. The active form of glycogen synthase is
A. Glycogen synthase a
B. Glycogen synthase b
C. Glycogen synthase a and b
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
ANSWER: A
50. The active form of glycogen phosphorylase is
A. Glycogen phosphorylase a
B. Glycogen phosphorylase a and b
C. Glycogen phosphorylase b
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
ANSWER: A
51. The enzymes involved in glycogen metabolism are activated by
A. ADP
B. FADP
C. ATP
D. GTP
E. GDP
ANSWER: C
52. Enzymes that degrade glycogen are called
A. Glycogen phosphorylases
B. Glycogen synthetase
C. Glycogen synthase
D. Glycogen phosphatase
E. None of the above
ANSWER: A
53. Enzymes that produce glycogen are called
A. Glycogen phosphorylases
B. Glycogen synthetase
C. Glycogen synthase
D. Glycogen phosphatase
E. None of the above
ANSWER: C
54. Examples of non steroid hormones are as follow except
A. Thyroid hormone
B. Vitamin D
C. Aldosterone
D. Glucagon
E. Insulin
ANSWER: C
55. Example of steroid hormone is
A. Thyroid hormone
B. Vitamin D
C. Aldosterone
D. Glucagon
E. Insulin
ANSWER: C
56. Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells is called _______________
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Autocrine
Paracrine
Endocrine
Neurone
Hormones
ANSWER: B
57. Where do endocrine glands secrete their chemicals
A. Into ducts
B. Into oxygen
C. Into the blood stream
D. Onto skin
E. Into pheromones
ANSWER: C
58. Which of these is not a peptide hormone
A. Insulin
B. Oxytocin
C. Testosterone
D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
E. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
ANSWER: C
59. Second messengers are triggered as a response to
A. Steroid hormone
B. Anabolic steroids
C. Peptide hormone
D. All of the above
E. Non of the above
ANSWER: C
60. Insulin increases
A. Gluconeogenesis
B. Amino acid formation
C. Glycogenolysis
D. Lipolysis
E. Glycogenesis
ANSWER: E
61. The precursor for steroid hormones is
A. Alcohol
B. Cholesterol
C. Lipids
D. Hydroxycholesterol
E. Hydroxysteroids
ANSWER:B
62 Receptors for non steroid peptide hormones are on the _______________
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Plasma membrane
Nuclear envelope
DNA receptor complex
Peptide chain
Endoplasmic reticulum
ANSWER: A
63. The major sites for hormone metabolism and degradation is ____________
A. Liver and kidney
B. Liver and pancrease
C. Kidney and heart
D. Heart and pancrease
E. Small intestine and stomach
ANSWER: A
64. The primary target organ of aldosterone is _____________________
A. Liver
B. The pancreas
C. The kidney
D. The heart
E. The nucleus
ANSWER: C
65. Along with the nervous system the ___________ system coordinates the various
activities in body parts
A. Digestive
B. Endocrine
C. Circulatory
D. Respiratory
E. Excretory
ANSWER: B
66. Which of the following acts to increase the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic
reticulum
A. Dihydroxyacetone
B.
C.
D.
E.
Calcitonin
Inositol triphosphate
1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
Parathyroid hormone
ANSWER: C
67. Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of sex
hormones
A. They bind specific membrane receptors
B. They interact with DNA directly
C. They cause release of second messenger from the cell membrane
D. They enhance transcription when bound to receptors
E. They inhibit translation through specific cytoplasmic proteins
ANSWER: D
68. What are amino acid derived hormones
A. They are synthesized from cholesterol and play a large role in sexual development
B. They are short and long chains of amino acids which facilitate physiological, biological
and growth processes
C. A type of exocrine cell responsible for producing sweat
D. A type of cell membrane which is impenetrable but movable
E. They are synthesized from epinephrine and are involved in the synthesis and
transmission of peptides, proteins and neurotransmitters
ANSWER: B
69.
___________ are chemical messengers that are produced in one body region but
affects
Affects a different body region
A. Enzymes
B. Endocrines
C. Neurotransmitters
D. Nucleic acid
E. Hormones
ANSWER: E
70. Steroid hormones lead to the:
A. Destruction of normal DNA
B. Replication of hormones by the cell DNA
C. Synthesis of new enzymes
D. Alteration of the Kreb’s cycle
E. Better health and longer life
ANSWER: C