The effectiveness of stretch-sensor stretching strap to reduce
patellofemoral pain syndrome on female recreation runners and
improve the adherence of home stretching program
Specialization: Sport Therapy
Principle student investigator: Lai Kok Sum
Principle supervisor: Mr. Freeman Kwok Co-supervisor: Dr. Jim LUK
INTRODUCTION
RESULT
-Patellofemoral pain syndrome always occur in athletes who feel the pain located in the back of the patella. It
aggravates when individuals perform running and upstairs (Farzaneh et al., 2016)
-It is found that 2.5 times injury will occur in every thousand hours for long-distance runners & 5.8 times
injury in middle-distance runner short distance runner will occur in every thousand hours(Lsholm &
Wikander, 1987)
-Long distance runners contract the quadriceps in long time and high repetition, the high intensity contraction
with a muscle imbalance can change the position of patellar tracking. When the patellar produce friction
force on the femur in the period of time, it occurs the inflammation on the back of the patellar. (Powers,
1998)
-Some studies found that the lateral retinaculum can be affected by tight iliotibial tract which enhance the
lateral force vector on the knee cap. The Stress raises in the lateral side while perform the knee flexion.
(Winslow & Yoder 1995, Fredericson & Yoon 2006)
-It is found that increase the flexibility of the hip flexors can increase the laterally rotation of the femur and
effectively improve the patellar tracking correctly. (Tyler et al, 2006)
-The product Stretch-senor stretching strap is to assist the clients to perform static stretching appropriately. It
is also a self-therapy which provide different stretching technique to tackle with different syndrome.
-It is showed that only 65% of patient just seldom do the home exercise with physiotherapist recommended
(Bassett, 2003)
-Limited studies had assessment the effectiveness of static stretching with external support to tackle the
injury and the adherence of the home exercise.
A significant statistically difference by the time effect of the flexibility of iliopsoas in Modified Thomas test with
two-way repeated ANOVA [F(1,15)=8.119, p<0.05; A statically significant difference of time effect of Visual
Analogue Scale [(1,15)=9.494, p<0.05)
Mean of the ROM 3 tests time effects
Mean VAS Time effect
60
50
5.333
51.778
* p=0.008 <0.05
48.389
40
3.889
30
*[F(1,15)=8.119
20p=0.012 p<0.05
15.894
10
13.782
7.056
7.889
0
THOMASILIOPSOAS
THOMASQUADRICEPS
Pretest
OBERITB
Posttest
PRETEST
POSTTEST
DISCUSSION
PURPOSE OF STUDY
1.Assess the effect of static stretching with stretching-senor stretching strap to minimize
PFPS for recreational runners
2.Investigate the adherence of the stretching strap and PTEX apps
METHODS
Design-Quantitative & Longitudinal Study; Between groups comparison
Subject – 21 Female with anterior knee pain (mean±SD: Age (years) 22 ±1.5; Height (cm)
158 ±6.4; Weight (kg) 52 ±8.3 from public
Protocol
1.Screening test to find out subjects with PFPS (Modified Thomas test, Modified Ober’s
test, Patella tilt test, Patellar compression test, Isometric knee extension test, Anterior
knee pain scale); Rule out test for eliminate the subjects with other knee injury (Anterior
drawer test, Posterior drawer test, Valgus test, Varus test, McMurray test)
2.Pretest Data Collection: ROM of Modified Thomas test (Figure1,2), Modified Ober’s
test(Figure 3), TMG on Rectus Femoris (Dm, Tc, Td) (Figure 4), VAS & LEFS
Muscle Flexibility
-Most studies static stretching was found to be effective for increasing the ROM and improvement was
decrease of the more tolerance in stretch (Ben & Harvey, 2010; Ylinen, et al., 2009)
-Most studies found 30 seconds stretching duration is the most effective time to gain the range of
motion. (Bandy &Irion,1994)
-A study suggested holding a position of the point of discomfort in a period, it is lengthening the muscle
to increase the range of motion (Behm et al., 2004)
TMG
-A study suggested the individual should fully relaxed , it has some individual error & make an extreme
result. (Martín-Rodríguez, et al., 2017)
-No evident have the standard resting interval for every electrical stimulation (Martín-Rodríguez, et al.,
2017)
Pain
-A studies found that the relative rest can help to tackle with the patellofemoral pain. (Dixit et al., 2007)
- Some studies suggested that stretching exercise in quadriceps will associated the tight lateral tissue near
the patella. It is recommended that stretching can tackle with the problem (Crossley et al., 2001)
-A study suggested the hip flexion strength exercise with the flexibility of iliotibial band and iliopsoas
exercises can effective improve the patellofemoral pain syndrome. (Tyler et al., 2006) Also it has
classified the dysfunction in strength deficit, Neuromuscular and flexibility which will associated with
patellofemoral pain (Witvrouw et al, 2005)
Adherence
-A studies found that patient cannot adherent to exercise because the busy daily life affect the repetition
they perform the exercise and it can not be the daily routines. (Sluijs and Knibbe, 1991)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION
(Figure 1)
(Figure 2)
(Figure 3)
(Figure 4)
3.Separate subject to different group (Control, Static, Strap group); Teach the three
stretching exercises for static stretching group (Figure 6) and the Static-Sensor Stretching
Strap (Figure 5) & commence the stretching exercise in 4-weeks program
-Stretching effect with PTEX Smart Stretch improve the range of motion and decrease the
patellofemoral pain. It can use in the home exercise for rehabilitation & assist the normal
stretching in daily life
-The larger dosage can be implemented in stretching strap with better treatment
-It is recommended stretching can be mix with the strengthening exercise &
neuromuscular control to more effective to improve the patellofemoral pain problem.
-Further research is required to further investigate the higher dosage with stretching strap&
combine with strengthening exercise and neuromuscular control
REFERENCES
(Figure 5 Strap group)
(Figure 6 Static group)
4. After 4-weeks program, posttest Data Collection: ROM of Modified Thomas test,
Modified Ober’s test, TMG (Dm, Tc, Td)
RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2015
www.PosterPresentations.com
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