MCQ -The Thyroid Gland
Dr. John Rajpathy
1. Which of the following diseases not related to thyroid glands?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Myxoedema
Cretinism
Acromegaly
Goitre
2. Grave’s disease is due to _________
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hyperactivity of thyroid gland
Hyperactivity of adrenal medulla
Hyperactivity of adrenal cortex
Hyperactivity of islets of Langerhans
3. Hypothyroidism causes in an adult ___________
A.
B.
C.
D.
Obesity
Diabetes
Cretinism
Myxoedema
4. Which of the following is not the symptom of hypothyroiditis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Accumulation of urea in blood
Edema
Mental retardation
Lethargy
5. Which type of epithelium is present in thyroid follicles?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Transitional
6. Endemic goiter is a state of _________
A.
B.
C.
D.
Increased thyroid function
Decreased thyroid function
Moderate thyroid function
Normal thyroid function
7. How many lobes are present in the thyroid?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1
3
2
4
8. The main hormone secreted by the Thyroid gland
A.
B.
C.
D.
T4
T3
and (b) Both
TSH
9. Iodine deficiency can cause
A.
B.
C.
D.
Goitre
Thyroid cancer
Solitary thyroid nodules
Thyroiditis
10. Grave’s disease or Basedow’s disease is due to
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hyperactivity of adrenal cortex
Hypoactivity of the thyroid gland
Hyperactivity of thyroid gland
Hypoactivity of islets of Langerhans
11. Sometimes, the thyroid symptoms are mistaken for which condition?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Menopause
Posttraumatic stress
Pregnancy
Crohn’s disease
12. Medications for hypothyroidism include treatment that:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Replaces insulin
Replaces ADH
Replaces TH
Replaces surfactant
13. In chronically deficient patients, this abnormality is directly related to the enlargement of
the thyroid gland
A.
B.
C.
D.
Impaired conversion of T3 and T4
Reduced activity of thyroperoxidase
Elevated levels of TSH
An antibody that binds to the TSH receptor in the thyroid gland
14. This condition of chronic inflammation of the thyroid leading to under-activity is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Thyroiditis
Goitre
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Clinical Case Assignment
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35 y.o female secretary (brought in crying after a fight with her boyfriend, accuse him
of hitting her)
Fast & loud heartbeat
Often anxious, nervous and unable to concentrate on her work (symptoms worsening)
Could not tolerate hot temperature
BP: 150/80 mmHg
Pulse regular, pulse rate: 100 per minute
Skin is warm & moist, sweaty palms & fine tremors
Large starring eyes
full blood count: no anemia
Normal liver function tests
TSH level decreased, free T4 is increased
Thyroid antibody test positive, TSI/LATS (autoimmune)
Thyroid scan: diffusely enlarged gland with increased uptake of radioactivity
Questions on the clinical case.
1. What is the probable diagnosis? Give your justification for the diagnosis.
2. What are the causes for this condition. Give the treatment options medically and
surgically for this condition.
3. Explain the physiologic basis for your choice of treatment.
Study Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Describe the steps in formation of thyroid hormones.
Describe the regulation of thyroid hormone and add a note on Wolf chaikoffs effect.
Write briefly on Graves disease
Write briefly on Myxoedema.
Contrast between Pituitary and thyroid Dwarf.