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BIOLOGY
Genetics and Heredity Unit Exam
1. What are the 3 components that
make up a nucleotide on DNA?
a. Ribose sugar, phosphate, and
a base
b. Deoxyribose, ribose, and a
phosphate
c. Deoxyribose sugar,
phosphate, and a nitrogen
base
d. Ribose, nitrogen base, and
phosphate
2. Which shows the correct
complementary base pairing for
DNA?
a. C-A, T-G
b. C-U, T-A
c. A-G, C-T
d. T-A, G-C
3. Which of the following best
describes a DNA molecule?
a. Contains ribose
b. Double helix
c. Made of amino acids
d. Contains uracil
4. How many nucleotides are needs to
compose a codon?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. None of the above
5. DNA strands run ____________ in
relation to each other.
a. Parallel
b. Perpendicular
c. Antiparallel
d. None of the above
6. Where does translation occur?
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Mitochondria
d. Lysosome
7. If a DNA strand is composed of 27%
cytosine, what percentage is there of
thymine?
a. 27%
b. 24%
c. 46%
d. 23%
8. In what phase of the cell cycle does
DNA Replication occur?
a. Interphase (S)
b. Interphase (G1)
c. Mitosis
d. Meiosis
9. Where does DNA Replication occur?
a. Mitochondria
b. Nucleus
c. Cytoplasm
d. Ribosome
10. The enzyme used to separate the
DNA into 2 single strands is:
a. Lipase
b. Helicase
c. Polymerase
d. Gyrase
11. Which sequence of DNA bases
would pair with this partial DNA
strand: ATG TGA CAG
a. ATG TGA CAG
b. GTA AGT GAC
c. TAC ACT GTC
d. TAT TCA CTG
12. Which of these is a function of
DNA?
a. Replicate cells
b. Create a genome
c. Store genetic information
d. Change in accordance with
the environment
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13. Which sequence of mRNA bases
would pair with the partial strand of
DNA:
TGC CCG AAT
a. UCG GGC UUU
b. ACG GGC TTA
c. UGC CCG UUA
d. ACG GGC UUA
14. Each chromosome consists of 2____.
a. Centrofibers
b. Chromatids
c. Centromeres
d. Daughter cells
15. What is the order of the phases of
mitosis?
a. Prophase, anaphase,
metaphase, telophase
b. Telophase, anaphase,
prophase, metaphase
c. Prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, telophase
d. Anaphase, telophase,
metaphase, prophase
16. A lower case letter shows what kind
of trait?
a. Recessive
b. Dominant
c. Dormant
d. Incomplete
17. Which of the following shows the
genotype homozygous recessive?
a. dd
b. Dd
c. DD
d. None of the above
18. In flowers, blue is dominant to red
and tall is dominant to short. What
would the genotype be for a
heterozygous blue short plant be?
a. BBtt
b. BBTt
c. BbTT
d. Bbtt
BIOLOGY
19. One cat carries heterozygous, longhaired traits (Ss), and its mate carries
homozygous short-haired traits (ss).
Use a Punnett square to determine
the probability of one of their
offspring having short hair.
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
20. In the punnett square shown above,
what is the genotypes of the two
parents?
a. RW and RR
b. RW and WW
c. RR and WW
d. RW and RR
21. In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short
(t). Perform the following cross: Tt x
Tt. What is the probability of
producing a short plant?
a. 0%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 75%
22. A person heterozygous for wet
earwax (Ww) mates with a person
homozygous recessive for dry
earwax. What is the chance their
baby is heterozygous?
a. 0%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 100%
23. Different forms of genes:
a. alleles
b. phenotype
c. genotype
d. homologous chromosomes
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24. Look at the pedigree above: How
many individuals are there in the 3rd
generation?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 6
25. Look at the pedigree above: What
does the half-colored circles mean?
a. Male that is a carrier of the
disease
b. Female that is a carrier of the
disease
c. Male that has the disease
d. Female that has the disease
26. Look at the pedigree above: What is
the mode of inheritance shown here?
a. Sex-Linked Dominant
b. Sex-Linked Recessive
c. Autosomal (normal)
Dominant
d. Autosomal (normal)
Recessive
BIOLOGY
27. This type of inheritance pattern is a
MIXTURE of both traits. (Red +
White = Pink)
a. incomplete dominance
b. co-dominance
c. complete dominance
d. recessive pattern
28. This type of inheritance pattern
shows BOTH traits in possible
offspring
a. complete dominance
b. incomplete dominance
c. co-dominance
d. dominant pattern
29. Examine the picture above. What
phase of mitosis is this cell in?
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
30. Examine the picture above. What is
the structure labeled “X” on the
picture?
a. Centriole
b. Chromosome
c. Chromatid
d. Nucleus
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BIOLOGY