Submitted by: Ansa Hayat .
Subject: Research Methodology
Class :BS(English).
Section :B(Afternoon).
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
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Style
Stylistic
Biography of an author
Poem
 LITERATURE REVIEW
 Style
 Stylistic
 Stylistic Analysis Of The poem
 Levels of stylistic
 School of stylistic
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METHODOLOGY
RESULT AND ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION
ABSTRACT:
This article is basically about the stylistic analysis of the Wordsworth poem “the daffodils”. The
research is made under the phonological level of analysis. This analysis help its readers to
understand the basic concept of the poet which he wanted to convey in his poem.
Introduction:
STYLE:
The word “style” is derived form a Latin word “elocution” which means “anything to write with” or
“Refers to the written and oral style of language” and “lexis “means Greek in simple word. We can
say that a style is a technique that an author uses in his writing, like how an author write something
g. However Thomas S.K defined style in his writing”as pattern of linguistic features that
distinguishes one work from to other “ (s.k, 1996). like how an author put his idea in front of his
readers .The style of a poem means “ all choices words that are used in writing to know the
meaning of the poem .style may refer to some or all of the language habits shared by a group of
people at one time ,or over a period of time ,as when we talk about the style of Augustan poet ,the
style of old English heroic poetry ,the style in which civil service forms are written ,or style of public
speaking (Davy, 1969).
STYLISTIC:
Stylistic is one of the branch of applied linguistic or an approach in literature and as defined as the
interpretation and evaluation of text either that exist in written or spoken form in regards to their
linguistic and tonal style. Where style is an important variety of language used by different writers
in different situation or setting .The main purpose of stylistic is talking about quality and meaning
in text, and the aim to explain how the words of a text create a feelings on his /her readers. Stylistic
is the learning of style .As Spencer said, may be regarded as an individual and creative utilization of
the resources of language (Spencer, 1964).
BIOGRAPHY OF AN AUTHOR:
Wordsworth was born in England on 7 April 1770,in Cokharmold ,Cumberland England .He lost his
mother at the age of 13.He get his early education at the Hawk shed Grammar school where he
wrote his first poetry and for getting higher education he went to Cambridge ,and completed his
graduation in 1971 .He visited France during French revolution where he fall in love with a
Benneth Vallem but their love story not so far because of the war .But in 1802 they met again but he
married another girl in his own country who gave birth to his five children .He got name because
of his nature poetry ,According to him man inner feelings can better polished by nature, he love
nature so much and he thought man is so close to nature and it is the only thing that provide
satisfaction ,knowledge , pleasure and joy to man ,he always in touch with nature that’s why he
lived near the beautiful lake district where he spent most of his time .He wrote so many poem on
nature ,he inspired a lot from nature in his poem he talked about rivers ,land ,mountain etc .He
considered nature as a second mother of human being. Daffodils are one of his masterpiece where
he talked about nature.
INTRODUCTION OF A POEM:
The Daffodils also known as “I wandered lonely as a cloud”is basically a lyrical poem .It was first
Published in 1802 and in second time it was published in 1815 and was written between 1804 and
1807.The author was visiting around his valley but he was sad and lonely. But he passed through a
lake he find daffodils that were dancing in the breeze .After seeing this the poet sadness goes for
away, and was replaced by joy and happiness and his start dancing after seeing daffodils and he
start enjoying life, basically this poem display his deep feeling for happiness and listen the creature
of nature .the main theme of the poem is love for nature mix with happiness and loneliness , or
unity between man and nature.
STRUCTURE:
The poem is written in the form iambic pentameter with a rhyming scheme of ABABCC, the four six
line stanza of this follow a quatrain.
RESEARCH QUESTION:
What are the aspects of phonological devices are used in the poem “The Daffodils”?
LITERATURE REVIEW:
STYLE:
The way an author writes and the method which an writer using in his writing .If we talked about
the concept of style it has different meaning inside and outside of the text .some time we used the
term style without knowing its meaning ,According to Leech style is” style is the way in which
something is spoken ,written or performed” its allude to the use words ,sentence structure and
speaking style (leech, 1964) .Broadly its belong ,to the personality of some and reflect the memories
of once mind ,and also talked about how a person is speaking or writing .Leech also said that it’s a
selection of words from a grand linguistic vocabulary ,and further defined and says that style is
the “dress of thought” it depends on writer how an author make his work understandable for his
readers (Leech, 1964). Style in literature is a product of mixing of form with content of text .If we
refers to classical period it indicates formal structure, clear language, objective presentation;
however romantic indicates everyday language organic structure etc.
QUOTES OF DIFFERENT WRITERS ON STYLE IN LITERATUR:
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According to Jonathan swift” proper words in proper places make the true definition of
style. According to Methews Arnold “people think that I can teach them style what stuff its
all is having something to say and say it’s as you can that is the only secret of style” (arnoled,
1953).
According Blaise Pascal “when we see a natural style we astonished and delight for we
expected see an author and we find a man” (pascal, 1947).
And style in poetry means the method which a poet uses to convey his emotion, meaning
and tone to his readers .simply as an exercise in describing what
Stylistic:
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According to lee stylistic is a study of style rarely undertaken for its own sake, simply as an
exercise in describing what used in made of language (leech, 1964).
Stylistic is basically started in second half of the 20th century.
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According to Karle water in a dictionary of stylistic the goal of” most is not simply to
describe the formal feature of text for their own sake but in order to show their functional
significance for the interpretation of text or in order to literary effects to linguistic cause
where are felt to relevant .however according peter Barry “ Beginning theory he says that
stylistic is an modern interpretation of classical study (Barry, 1967) .After this he start
comparing stylistic with close reading
Close reading mainly focus on literary language and that general speech community while
stylistic focus on everyday language.
Stylistic uses modern concept which comes from science of linguistic.
Stylistic make greater claims to scientific objectivity as compared to that of close reading.
There different overlapping of sub discipline of stylistic and the one who learn any of these is
known as stylistician.
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS:
We know that stylistic is the study of style while analysis simply mean an evaluation and
interpretation of the element and structure of something ,so we can say that stylistic analysis is a
detailed examination of style .It provide a systematic way to talk about any piece of literary work
which is scientific based .And its mostly based on facts.
LEVELS OF STYLISTICS ANALYSIS:
There is different level of stylistics, for analyzing any piece of text we use these levels.
1. GRAPHOLOGICAL LEVEL:
Leech states that graphology is better than anthropology (leech, 1969) .Graphology includes
paragraphing and punctuation.
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Punctuation: For clearing up meaning we used marks to separate sentences from each
other .It includes comma ,semicolon, full stop etc.
Paragraphing: Separate sentences from each other which contain information.
2. PHONOLOGICAL LEVEL:
Phonology is a branch of linguistic in which we talked about sounds pattern like how the sound
present .Phonological devices includes assonance ,consonance ,alliteration ,rhyme elements and
onomatopoeia etc.
3. MORPHOLOGICAL LEVEL:
Morphology is a branch of linguistic and deals with the forms and structure of words.
Morphological devices include prefixes, suffixes ,affixes and coinages.
4.LEXIS- SYNTAX LEVEL:
Lexis-syntax is a combination of two different words lexis means “vocabulary” that we used in our
languages, and syntax means “sentence construction, like how groups of words combine together
to make up sentences .It includes anastrophe ,parenthesis ,ellipsis ,asyndeton and anaphora.
5.GRAMMATICAL LEVEL:
In grammatical level we analysis the internal structure of sentences in a language ,like the use of
part of speech ,clauses ,phrases.
SCHOOL OF LANGUISTIC:
1. FEMINIST STYLISTIC:
Feminist stylistic is a branch of stylistic which deals with the ways how gender intentions are
portray in the text, Mills considered it’s a form of analysis, according to him” feminist stylistic
analysis is concerned not only to describe sexism in a text but also to analyze the way that point of
view ,agency ,metaphor ,or transitivity are unexpectedly closely related to the matter of gender ,to
discover whether women writing practices can be described and so on (mills, 1995).
2. LITERARY STYLISTIC:
In literary stylistic we talk about studying or learning forms such as poetry, prose, drama etc.
3. EVALUATIVE STYLISTIC:
In evaluative stylistic we talk how a writer style work or does not in work.
4. COGNITIVE STYLISTIC:
We know that cognition is related to our mind so we can say cognitive stylistic is the learning of
what comes into our mind when we encounter s the language.
5. DISCOURSE STYLISTIC:
Study of how language create meaning in our mind when we study language, it include study of
alliteration, assonance, rhyme etc.
METHODOLOY:
William Wordsworth written so many poems about nature and “I wondered lonely as a cloud “is
one of his master piece about nature .in this section the researcher provide stylistic analysis of the
poem on the basis of phonological level .the main purpose of choosing this poem was that there
were so many research had done on the basis of phonological level but that were not so well
organized or well evaluated.
RESULT AND ANALYSIS:
In this section the researcher had done his research on the basis of phonological level, the
phonological level include the following aspects.
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ALLITERATION:
Alliteration is the repetition of the same consonant sound, the poet used alliteration in the line by
using/ g\ “I gazed and gazed ”and the use of w sound “what wealth the show to me had brought”
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CONSONANCE:
Repetition of consonant sound as in the use of t in” what wealth the show to me had brought”and n
sound in “vacant or in pensive”
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METAPHOR:
Metaphor is the direct comparison between two things as in the last of the stanza the author
says”they flash upon inward eye” here the “inward eye “ represents the beautiful memory of the
daffodils
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SIMILE:
Indirect comparison of two things while using “as” and ”like” like in the first stanza the poet says “I
wondered lonely as a cloud” here the poet compare his loneliness with a cloud .and in another
stanza “Continues as the stars that shine” here he compare the daffodils with a countless stars.
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ASSONANCE:
The repetition of vowel sound in the same line like “a” in “Ten thousand I saw at a glance”
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STANZA:
The poem consists of four stanzas with six lines in each stanza.
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RHYME SCHEME:
The poem follows the rhyme scheme ABABCC. The first line rhyme with the third and the second
with the forth.
I wandered lonely as a cloud (A)
That floats on high o er vales and hills (B)
When all at once I saw a crowed (A)
A host of golden daffodils (B)
Besides the lake, beneath the trees(C)
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze(C)
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STRUCTURE :
The poem follow iambic tetrameter means that there are four feet in each line; each unstressed
syllable is followed by stressed syllable.
CONCLUSION:
This research proved that the researcher used phonological level for analyzing the poem, and
discussed the phonological features that create a musical affects the reader. The devices helped in
conveying the message of author to his readers.
Recommendation:
The researcher tried his best to fully conveyed the stylistic analysis of the poem properly but its
need further modification too.
REFERENCES:
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