Enzymes are very important for chemical
reactions. There are two general parts for every
reaction:
Enzymes
Biochemistry Part II
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are _________ that __________the
rate of a chemical reaction (______________).
-Enzymes speed up reactions by _____________ the
amount of ______________________for a reaction.
-Activation energy is energy that chemicals need to
_________________.
____________- _____________________
_______________ in a chemical reaction.
___________ - the ____________ that are
_______as a result of a chemical reaction
C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Without enzymes, typical every day reactions
would occur far __________ for us to _______.
●We would not be able to _________________
___________________in a timely manner.
●We would not be able to _________________ fast
enough.
Example: Frogs leaping over a
pile of rocks.
The higher the barrier (activation
energy) the less frogs can get
over (or less product is created).
The lower the barrier; the more
products can be made.
Life cannot
exist without
enzymes!
Examples of Enzymes
■Carbonic anhydrase: found in ________;
_______________________from our bodies.
■Catalase: found in _______ tissue; speeds up
the ______________________________ in our
bodies .
■Amylase; found in _______; speeds up the
_______________________ for digestion.
Enzyme
Substrate (the Reactant)
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
Once the enzyme-substrate complex is formed, the
enzyme ________________ slightly to create a
more secure bond, and then the chemical reaction
follows.
The active site is simply
where the substrate
bonds to the enzyme.
Enzyme-Substrate Complex: The Lock and Key
-The ___________ of an enzyme is a molecule that
________________________________________.
-Enzymes and substrates are _________to each other
like a _______________. (For example, the catalase
substrate (hydrogen peroxide) would not attach to
amylase).
Once the substrate
and enzyme bond, it
becomes the
“________________
_______________”.
After the chemical reaction, the _______ (former
substrate) is __________ from the enzyme.
The enzyme is free to carry on the same
chemical reaction again and again (enzymes can
be _________).
Factors that Affect Enzymes
Chemical Reactions involving
Enzymes
-Two factors that affect enzyme productivity are __
and ______________.
-Enzymes thrive best within certain temperature
and pH _________.
-If the ____________ is altered, the _________
___________ may _____________.
Example) people die of fevers
not because of the high
temperatures, but because the
enzymes in their body do not
function properly once the
temperature gets too high.
Chemical Reactions Involving
Enzymes
www.biology-roots.com
In this example, _________________________
___________________. More specifically, the
disaccharide maltose (the substrate) bonds to
the enzyme amylase to form two glucose
molecules. This is the breakdown of sugar- you’
ll experience it during lunch.
www.biology-roots.com
In the example above, ___________________
react to combine into a __________________
Enzymes