Drugs containing aldehydes
Introduction
Aldehydes are a class of highly reactive organic chemical compounds that contain
carbonyl group (in which a carbon atom is double-bound to an oxygen atom) and at
least one hydrogen atom bound to the alpha carbon (the central carbon atom in the
carbonyl group).
Aldehydes are very easy to detect by smell. Some are very fragrant, and others have a
smell resembling that of rotten fruit.
Formaldehyde is the simplest aldehyde, and has found applications in the
manufacture of many organic chemicals such as dyes and medical drugs.
Formaldehyde is also a good insecticide,It is probably most familiar to the general
public in its application as a preservative.
1- Formalaz
Generic Name: formaldehyde
Dosage Form: liquid
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS:
Formaldehyde 10%
INACTIVE INGREDIENTS:
Water, Polysorbate 20, Hydroxyethyl Cellulose.
INDICATIONS:
Drying agent for pre and post surgical removal of warts, or for non-surgical laser removal
of warts where dryness is required.
Structure of formaldehyde:-
O
CH2
2- Cinnamaldehyde
is the organic compound that gives cinnamon its flavor and odor. This pale yellow
viscous liquid occurs naturally in the bark of cinnamon trees and other species of
the genusCinnamomum.
Properties
Mloecular formula
C9H8O
Solubility in water
Slightly Soluble
Synthesis
is most economically obtained from the steam distillation of the oil of cinnamon bark
Applications
1-As a flavorant
The most obvious application for cinnamaldehyde is as flavoring in items like chewing
gum, ice cream, candy,
As an antimicrobial
As an anti-cancer agent
Perfumes
Amylcinnamaldehyde and hexylcinnamaldehyde
The aldehyde vanillin is a constituent in many vanilla-scented perfumes.
IUPAC name
(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enal
Structure:_
O
3- Mepergan
Brand Name: Mepergan
Generic Name: Meperidine and Promethazine
Drug Description
This product is available in concentration providing 25 mg each of meperidine
hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride per mL with 0.1 mg edetate disodium,
0.04 mg calcium chloride, and not more than 0.75
mg sodiumformaldehyde sulfoxylate, 0.25 mg sodium metabisulfite, and 5
mg phenol with sodium acetate buffer.
INDICATIONS
As a preanesthetic medication when analgesia and sedation are indicated. As an
adjunct to local and general anesthesia.
4- Influenza A H1N1 Monovalent Vaccine
Brand Name: Influenza A H1N1 Monovalent Vaccine
Generic Name: Influenza A H1N1 Monovalent Vaccine
DRUG DESCRIPTION
Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine is formulated to contain 15 mcg
hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) v-like virus per 0.5 mL
dose. Gelatin 0.05% is added as a stabilizer. Each 0.5 mL dose may contain
residual amounts of formaldehyde (not more than 100 mcg), polyethylene glycol
p-isooctylphenyl ether (not more than 0.02%), and sucrose (not more than 2.0%).
INDICATIONS
Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine is an inactivated influenza virus
vaccine indicated for active immunization of persons 6 months of age and older
against influenza disease caused by pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus
5- Comvax
Brand Name: Comvax
Generic Name: Haemophilus b Conjugate and Hepatitis B Vaccine
DRUG DESCRIPTION:_
Each 0.5 mL dose of COMVAX is formulated to contain 7.5 mcg PRP conjugated to
approximately 125 mcg OMPC, 5 mcg HBsAg, approximately 225 mcg aluminum as
amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate, and 35 mcg sodium borate
(decahydrate) as a pH stabilizer, in 0.9% sodium chloride. The vaccine contains not
more than 0.0004% (w/v) residual formaldehyde.
6- Nystatin Oral Suspension
Brand Name: Nystatin Oral Suspension
Generic Name: Nystatin (oral)
Structural formula:
DRUG DESCRIPTION
Nystatin Oral Suspension, for oral administration, is cherry/mint flavored, containing 100,000
USP Nystatin Units per mL. Inactive ingredients: alcohol ( ≤ 1% v/v), 49.8% (w/v) sucrose,
purified water, glycerin, sodium citrate, magnesium aluminum silicate, flavors, saccharin
sodium, xanthan gum, benzaldehyde, edetate calcium disodium, meth-ylparaben and
propylparaben.
Structure of benzaldehyde:O
INDICATIONS
Nystatin Oral Suspension is indicated for the treatment of candidiasis in the oral cavity.
7- Rhinocort Aqua
Brand Name: Rhinocort Aqua
Generic Name: Budesonide
DRUG DESCRIPTION
It is designated chemically as (RS)-11-beta, 16-alpha, 17, 21-tetrahydroxypregna-l,4-diene3,20-dione cyclic 16, 17-acetal with butyraldehyde.
Its structural formula is:
H3C
O
INDICATIONS
Treatment of Seasonal or Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
8- Spot Indol reagent
DRUG DESCRIPTION
The detection of indole indicates tryptophan degradation and can be accomplished by
the addition of certain aldehydes to form coloured end products. Spot Indole
contains the active ingredient p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (PACA)
which reacts with indole to produce a blue compound.
Structure of aldehyde
:O
N2Me
Drugs containing ketones
Introduction
In organic chemistry, a ketone is a compound with the structure RC(=O)R', where R and R'
can be a variety of atoms and groups of atoms. It features a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to
two other carbon atoms. Acetone is the simplest example of a ketone, and in fact the
word ketone derives its name from Aketon, an old German word for acetone.
Ketones differ from aldehydes in that the carbonyl is placed between two carbons rather than
at the end of a carbon skeleton.
(1) Sonata (zaleplon)capsules
DRUG DESCRIPTION
The chemical name:_ of zaleplon is N-[3-(3-cyanopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)phenyl]-Nethylacetamide.
Its empirical formula is:_ C17H15N5O
its molecular weight :_is 305.34.
The structural formula is shown below:_
N
N
N
N
N
CH3
O
CH3
Generic Name: zaleplon (Pronunciation: ZAH le plon)
Brand Names: Sonata
(2)FAMVIR
(famciclovir) Tablets
DRUG DESCRIPTION
Chemical name :- Chemically, famciclovir is known as 2-[2-(2-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethyl]-l,3propanediol diacetate
molecular formula is C14H19N5O4
structure
Famciclovir is a white to pale yellow solid. It is freely soluble in acetone and
methanol, and sparingly soluble in ethanol and isopropanol.
3-RAPAFLO
brand name for silodosin
The chemical name of silodosin is 1-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-5-[(2R)-2-({2-[2-(2,2,2trifluoroethoxy)phenoxy]ethyl}amino)propyl]-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-7carboxamide
molecular formula is C25H32F3N3O4
. It is very soluble in acetic acid, freely soluble in alcohol, and very slightly soluble in
water.
The structural formula of silodosin is:
(4) AGENERASE®
(amprenavir) Oral Solution
DRUG DESCRIPTION
The chemical name of amprenavir is (3S)-tetrahydro-3-furyl N-[(1S,2R)-3-(4-aminoN-isobutylbenzenesulfonamido)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxypropyl]carbamate.
molecular formula of C25H35N3O6S
It has the following structural formula:
Amprenavir is a white to cream-colored solid with a solubility of approximately 0.04
mg/mL in water at 25°C.
References:http://science.jrank.org/pages/198/Aldehydes.html
http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemicaldatabases/a/Chemical-Names-Of-CommonSubstances.htm
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PdfExcerptURL&_imagekey=B8CWJ-4KWCS4712-1&_uoikey=B8CWJ-4KWCS4712&_piikey=S0378608000800306&_cdi=40060&_user=4861547&_acct=C000063557&_versi
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http://www.environment.gov.au/atmosphere/airquality/publications/sok/formaldehyde.html
http://university.arabsbook.com/threads/71524-%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8Oxidation-of-Alcohols-to-Aldehydes-and-Ketones-A-Guide-to-Current-Common-Prac
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http://www.rxlist.com/drugs/alpha_a.htm
http://www.drugs.com/dict/acetaldehyde.html
http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/default.htm