Log in Search... Video Search Download presentation Slideshow We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! Buttons: 134 Cancel Download NTG Concrete Cool Shenzhen Newin Machinery Low Operation Cost, Excellent Performance, Easy Maintenan Saving / ENERGY AUDIT OF CONDENSER CONDENSER COOLING WATER SYSTEM Published by Dale Barke Download presentation AND Similar presentations Modi ed over 6 years ago Embed We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to Download recommend download it, please it topresentation your friends in any social 134 system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! Buttons: NTG Concrete Cooling Tower Shenzhen Newin Machinery 134 Cancel Presentation on theme: "ENERGY AUDIT OF CONDENSER AND Download CONDENSER COOLING WATER SYSTEM"— Presentation transcript: 1 ENERGY AUDIT OF CONDENSER AND CONDENSER COOLING WATER SYSTEM Presented By M.V.Pande Dy.Director NPTI, Nagpur 2 Background Condenser Cooled Water Cooling Tower Air Make- up Water Hot Water Hot Water CW Pump Condenser: The condenser is the most important component of the turbine cycle that a ects the turbine heat rate. The function of the condenser is to condense exhaust steam from the steam turbine by rejecting the heat of evaporation to the cooling water passing through the condenser. Generally, twin shell- double pass- surface type condensers are employed for higher capacity units 3 Background Cooling towers: Di erent types of cooling towers are used in the power plants depending upon the location, size, infrastructure and water resources etc. Close cycle – wet cooling systems: / SPONSORED SEARCHES energy audit of cooling towers -Induced draft Forced draft - Natural draft cooling towers Download presentation powerpoint presentation water cooled condenser auditing pp 4 Background Cooling water pumps: We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to Circulating pumps supply download it, please recommendwater it to your friends in any social cooling water at the required work ow process system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! ow rate and pressure to the power plant condenser and the Buttons: ppt energy saving in condensers plant auxiliary cooling water heat exchangers. These pumps are required to operate economically and reliably 134 over the life of the plant. For once through systems, vertical wet pit pumps are in Cancel Download common usage. For re-circulating cooling systems, vertical wet pit and horizontal dry pit are used about equally, with occasional use of vertical dry pit pumps. 5 Speci cations of Typical Cooling Water Pump 6 Steps Involved in Energy Audit The major energy consuming equipments in the CW systems are: Cooling towers and fans Cooling water pumps Make up water pumps Condensers The steps involved in conducting energy audit of cooling water and cooling tower are: Data collection Observations and Analysis Exploration for energy conservation measures Report preparation 7 Data Collection Speci cations of cooling towers: 8 Data Collection / Speci cations of cooling towers- contd…: 9 10 Speci cation of water pumps and motors Download presentation Data Collection Speci cation of water pumps and motors- contd…: We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to Rated kW of the pumpdownload it, please recommend it to your friends in any social system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! 11 Buttons: Data CollectionOther Information Performance characteristics of all pumps and motors Compile design, P. G. Test, previous best and last energy audit value with respect to cooling tower and cooling water system along with the 134 condensers If the pumps are operated in parallel then it is advised to collect the performance curve for the parallel operation Schematic diagram of Water pumping network (which depict the source, Download Cancel pumps in operation & stand by, line sizes and users) Water and pressure equipments at the users as per the design requirements Brief description of the system with the key speci cations in which pumps are used (for example, if pumps are used for supplying water to condenser, then add a brief write up about the cooling water system) 12 Data Collection- Condenser Speci cations Heat load considered for design Design inlet cooling water temperature/ Design TTD Cleanliness factor/ Cooling water temperature raise Condenser back pressure Cooling water ow/ Cooling water side pressure drop No of cooling water pass/ Total heat transfer area No. of tubes - Condensing zone - Air cooling zone Tube dimensions: - Tube OD x thickness - Length of tube Tube material: - Condensing zone - Air cooling zone Water box design pressure 13 Instruments Required Power Analyzer: Used for measuring electrical parameters of motors such as kW, kVA, pf, V, A and Hz Temperature Indicator & Probe Pressure Gauge: To measure operating pressure and pressure drop in the system Stroboscope: To measure the speed of the driven equipment and motor Ultra sonic ow meter or online ow meter Sling hygrometer or digital hygrometer Anemometer / In addition to the above calibrated online instruments can be used PH meter 14 Download presentation Measurements & Observation Energy consumption pattern of pumps and cooling tower fans Motor electrical parameters A, V, THD) for pumps We think(kW, youkVA, havePf, liked thisHz, presentation. If you and wish to cooling tower fans download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social Pump operating parameters to be measured/monitored for each pump system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! are: - Discharge, - Head (suction & discharge) - Valve position – Temperature - Load Buttons: variation, Power parameters of pumps - Pumps operating hours and operating schedule Pressure drop in the system (between discharge and user point) Pressure drop and temperatures across the users (heat exchangers, 134 condensers, etc) Cooling water ow rate to users - Pump /Motor speed Actual pressure at the user end User area pressure of operation and requirement Cancel Download 15 Measurements & Observation Cooling tower parameters to be monitored Inlet temperature Outlet temperature Dry bulb temperature Wet bulb temperature or relative humidity Water ow to cooling tower Air ow rate of cooling tower Range, oC L/G ratio Approach, oC Fan speed, rpm Fan power consumption (kW/cell) 16 Observations and Analysis System familiarization and operational details Energy consumption Pattern The energy consumption of cooling water : kWh/day and associated system Total auxiliary power consumption : kWh/Day 17 Operating E ciency and Performance Evaluation of the Pumps Water ow rate and pressure of pumps / headers Velocity in the main headers and pumps and major lines (to verify adequacy of line sizes) / Power consumption of pumps (for estimating the operating e ciency of the pumps) Monitor present ow control system and frequency of control valve variation if any (for application of variable speed drives) Download presentation Fill up the following data sheet for every pump for comparison with the design / PG test values 18 Pumps 19 We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social Operating E ciency and Performance Evaluation of the system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! Operating E Buttons: ciency and Performance Evaluation of the Pumps 134 20 Investigations & Recommendations Compare the actual values with the design / performance test values if Cancel any deviation is found, investigate for the contributing factors and arrive Download at appropriate suggestions The investigations for abnormality are to be carried out for problems. Enlist scope of improvement with extensive physical checks / observations. Based on the actual operating parameters, enlist recommendations for action to be taken for improvement, if applicable such as Replacement of pumps/ Impeller replacement/ trimming Variable speed drive application, etc Compare the speci c energy consumption with similar type of pumps and latest energy e cient pumps Cost analysis with savings potential for taking improvement measures. 21 Flow Distribution Measure the ow at the individual pump discharge side, main header, at the users (for the major and large users) along with the pressure and velocity. Depict these values in schematic diagram Ensure Line adequacy by measuring the velocity in the major pipe lines Pressure drop in the distribution network Speci c water ow rate 22 CONDENSERS 23 Performance of Condensers Parameters for condenser performance 24 Performance of Condensers Parameters for condenser performance- contd… / 25 Performance of Condensers 26 Performance of Condensers The following needs toDownload be computed: presentation 1. Condenser heat load = Q x T x Cp Parameter Details We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to Unit download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social Q system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! Water ow rate Kg/h Buttons: T Average CW temperature rise oC Cp 134 Speci c heat kcal/kg oC 2. Calculated condenser vacuum = Atmospheric pressure – Condenser back-pressure Cancel Download 3. Deviation in condenser vacuum = Expected condenser vacuum - Measured condenser vacuum 4. Condenser TTD = Saturation temperature – Cooling water outlet temperature 5. Condenser E ectiveness = Rise in cooling water temperature Saturation temperature - Cooling water inlet temperature 6. Condenser heat duty in kcal/h = Heat added by main steam + heat added by reheater + heat added by SH attemperation + heat added by RH attemperation + heat added by BFP x (Pgen + Pgen losses + heat loss due to radiation) 7. Condenser tube velocity (m/s) = Cooling water ow rate (m3/h) x 106 3600 x tube area (mm2) x ( no. of tubes per pass - no. of tubes plugged per pass ) 27 Performance of Condensers 8. Determination of actual LMTD Tsat - Tout Ln LMTD = Tout - Tin Tsat -Tin 9. LMTD expected = LMTD test x ft x fw x fq ft: Correction for cooling water inlet temperature 0.25 ( Saturation Temperature during test – LMTD during test / Saturation Temperature design – LMTD design ) ft = fw = Download presentation Tube velocity during test Tube velocity design () We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to 0.50 download fw: correction for water ow rateit, please recommend it to your friends in any social system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! fq = Condenser design duty Buttons: Condenser duty during test () fq: correction for cooling water heat load 134 28 Observations During Condenser Energy Audit Tubes in operation Vs total installed Cancel Download Cleaning system operation Filtering system for cooling water Regular monitoring system for performance Comparison of LMTD, TTD, heat load, condenser vacuum, ow, temperatures, pressures with design / PG test- arriving the factors causing deviation Modi cations carried out in the recent past Cooling water ow Pressure drop on water side and choking A ect of present performance of cooling tower Accurate metering of vacuum Absolute back pressure deviation from expected value Sub cooling of air –steam mixture and condensate Circulation water temperature raise E ectiveness of cleaning the tubes Circulating water velocity in tubes 29 COOLING TOWERS 30 Performance of Cooling Towers 31 Performance of Cooling Towers While conducting the cooling tower, visual observations need to be made with respect to: Adequate water level in the trough Cross ow air from other cooling towers (which are under maintenance) Nozzle condition and operation Fill condition Change of blade angles during change of seasons / The CT air ow shall be measured using an anemometer and compared with calculated air ow derived from fan characteristic curves of CT fans with actual power measurements. Calculate range, approach, L/G (Liquid to gas) ratio and e ectiveness for Download presentation design and operating conditions for each tower We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to Performance of Cooling Towers download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social 1. C.T. Range = Water inlet temperature – Water outlet temp. system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! 2. C.T. Approach = Water outlet temperature – Wet bulb temp. 3. Buttons: E ectiveness % = Range x 100 ( range + approach ) 134 4. Fan actual air ow (Nm3) / cell = Fan rated air ow (Nm3) / h x ( Fan input kW actual ) ( Fan input rated ) Cancel Download 1/3 5. Air mass ow / cell = ow x density of air 32 33 Performance of Cooling Towers 5. Evaporation losses = CW ow (m3/ h) x CT range in 0C 675 6. Makeup water consumption = Evaporation losses (COC – 1) The above readings may be taken on daily basis for three days on di erent atmospheric conditions say during mid summer, winter & monsoon period. Once in the mid day and once in the mid night time and a record duly maintained. Collect unit load (MW), frequency, and condenser vacuum condition while taking the cooling tower measurement 34 Performance of Cooling Towers Power consumption of CT fans Exploration of Energy Conservation Possibilities: Condenser Possibility of Improvement in condenser vacuum Turbine heat rate Reduction possibilities Improving the e ectiveness of condenser and TTD Cooling water ow adequacy and ow optimization Air ingress Increasing the TTD of the condenser Fouling of tubes / 35 Exploration of Energy Conservation Possibilities 36 Exploration of Energy Conservation Possibilities Water pumping and cooling towerpresentation Download Improvement of systems and drives Use of energy e cient pumps Correcting inaccuracies of the Pump sizing / Trimming of impellers We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to Use of high e ciency motors download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social Integration of variable speed drives into pumps: The integration of system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! adjustable speed drives (VFD) into compressors could lead to energy e ciency improvements, depending on load characteristics Buttons: High Performance Lubricants: The low temperature uidity and high temperature stability of high performance lubricants can increase energy e ciency by reducing frictional losses 134 Improvements in condenser performance Improvement in cooling tower performance Application potential for energy e cient fans for cooling tower fans Measuring and tracking system performance Cancel Download Measuring water use and energy consumption is essential in determining whether changes in maintenance practices or investment in equipment could be cost e ective In this case it is advised to monitor the water ow rate and condenser parameters, cooling tower parameters periodically i.e. at least once in a three months and energy consumption on daily basis. This will help in identifying the - Deviations in water ow rates - Heat duty of condenser and cooling towers - Measures to up keep the performance 37 Exploration of Energy Conservation Possibilities System E ect Factors Equipment cannot perform at its optimum capacity if fans, pumps, and blowers have poor inlet and outlet conditions Correction of system e ect factors (SEFs) can have a signi cant e ect on performance and energy savings Elimination of cavitation: Flow, pressure, and e ciency are reduced in pumps operating under cavitation. Performance can be restored to manufacturer’s speci cations through modi cations. This usually involves inlet alterations and may involve elevation of a supply tank 38 Exploration of Energy Conservation Possibilities Internal Running Clearances: The internal running clearances between rotating and non-rotating elements strongly in uence the turbo machine's ability to meet rated performance. Proper set-up reduces the / amount of leakage (re-circulation) from the discharge to the suction side of the impeller Reducing work load of pumping: Reducing of obstructions in the suction / delivery pipes thereby reduction in frictional losses. This includes removal Download presentation of unnecessary valves of the system due to changes. Even system and layout changes may help in this including increased pipe diameter. Replacement of components deteriorated due to wear and tear during We in think yousystem have liked this presentation. If you wish to operation, modi cations piping download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you! 39 THANK YOU Buttons: 134 Cancel Download Download ppt "ENERGY AUDIT OF CONDENSER AND CONDENSER COOLING WATER SYSTEM" Similar presentations / Download presentation We think you have liked this presentation. 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