MEMS MODULE I SYLLABUS • MEMS and Microsystems: Applications – Multidisciplinary nature of MEMS – • principles and examples of Micro sensors and microactuators – micro accelerometer • –comb drives - Micro grippers – • micro motors, micro valves, micro pumps, Shape Memory Alloys. • Review of Mechanical concepts: Stress, Strain, Modulus of Elasticity, yield strength, ultimate strength – General stress strain relations – • compliance matrix. Overview of commonly used mechanical structures in MEMS - Beams, Cantilevers, Plates, Diaphragms – Typical applications WHAT IS MEMS • MICRO-ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS • MICROSENSORS+MICROACTUATORS+ MICROPROCESSORS= MEMS • SENSORS::: Pressure Temperature Motion MEMS IS • Micro Electro Mechanical Systems are physically small in size, this is the reason why MEMS are useful. • MEMS sensors interfere less with the environment and they sense the signals better than larger devices. • The motion of MEMS actuators are very precise. • MEMS devices can be placed in small places such as inside automobile engines, small appliances and living organisms to measure the various parameters • MEMS devices offer tight integration of electronics with mechanical components which result in very low power consumption and fast response times. PRESSURE SENSOR- WHY SMALL??? IS MEMS AN IC??? MULTIDISCIPLINARY NATURE • ELECTROCHEMISTRY • ELECTROHYDRODYNAMICS • MOLECULAR BIOLOGY • PLASMA PHYSICS • SCALING LAWS • QUANTUM PHYSICS • MOLECULAR PHYSICS • ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE COMPONENTS MEMS MICROSENSOR MICROSENSORS • These are built to sense the existence and the intensity of certain Physical Chemical, or Biological Examples: temperature, pressure, force, sound, nuclear radiation, magnetic flux and chemical compositions COMMON SENSORS • BIOSENSORS • CHEMICAL SENSORS • OPTICAL SENSORS • THERMAL SENSORS • PRESSURE SENSORS PRESSURE SENSOR- WORKING PRINCIPLE • • • • • • • • • An input signal such as pressure is sensed By a micro sensing element Which may be a simple silicon diaphragm Only a few micrometers thick The deflection of the diaphragm Is converted into change of electrical resistance By micropiezoresistors that are in diaphragm Converted to voltage values OUTPUT: VOLTAGE VALUES MICROACTUATORS