NAME: SOLIU RACHAEL ADENIKE. MATRIC NO: 17/1358 COURSE OF STUDY: COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY LEVEL: 400 COURSE TILE: INTRODUCTION TO SPECIAL EDUCATION. COURSE CODE: EDUC 412 ASSIGNMENT: LIST AND EXPLAIN THE CATEGORIES OF SPECIAL EDUCATION STUDENTS AS INDICATED BY INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES EDUCATION ACT (IDEA) 1997. 1. Emotional Disturbance. 2. Visual impairment / Blindness 3. Deafness 4. Intellectual disability 5. Specific learning Disability 6. Orthopedic impairment 7. Multiple disability 8. Autism 9. Other Health Impairment 10. Speech Or Language Impairment 11. Hearing Impairment 12. Traumatic Brain Injury 13. Deaf- blindness. EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE: Student with emotional disturbance deals with moderate to severe mental health issue like; schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, panic disorder or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), which makes them to become angry, mean, violence, aggressive and even isolate themselves to the extreme. INTLLECTUAL DISABILITY: This refers to student whose intellectual ability is below average for their age range which makes it difficult for the students to take care of themselves and also to communicate their feeling and basic needs. MULTIPLE DISABILITIES: This is when a student is suffering from more than one disabling condition that affect learning or other important life functions. The cause of multiple disabilities may be as a result of traumatic brain injury, genetic disorder, chromosomal abnormality, premature birth or developmental delay. ORTHOPEDIC IMPAIRMENT: This is a kind of impairment that makes movement difficult for child that suffers from it. Students with orthopedic impairment may be in a wheelchair, walking with a walker or having limp issue which makes is difficult for them to move. At times they may have issue turning their head to read or to write. Causes of orthopedic impairment; amputation, birth trauma, cerebral palsy or genetic abnormality (e.g. the absence of a member, clubfoot) AUTISM: This is a spectrum disorder. Student with autism having difficulty in expressing or controlling his/her emotions, having trouble with communication and even struggle to make friends. Students with this disorder may also make repetitive movements, fixate on ideas and extremely sensitive to their sensory environments. OTHER HEALTH IMPAIRMENT: This refers to conditions and illness that affect a child’s strength, ability to stay focus, calm, or stay awake and more. HEARING IMPAIRMENT: This occurs when there is a problem or damage to one or more part of the ear. Student with this impairment may not be completely deaf but have difficulties with one ear. This may be as a result of diseases like; chicken pox, mumps, meningitis, sick cell disease, syphilis e t c. SPEECH OR LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENT: This is when a child has issue with speaking or vocal communication. The child may stutter, may have some sort of voice impairment that prevent him/her from speaking or pronouncing certain words. This can be as a result of brain injury, cleft lip or palate vocal abuse, development disability e t c. TRAUMATIC BRAIN DISORDER: This is a type of special education in which student suffers a brain injury and their physical, emotional, and learning development is affected. This injury can be as result of accident during and after birth or abuse of any kind. DEAFNESS-BLINDNESS: This is when a student has difficulties in both hearing of what is being said and also in seeing object shown to him/her. Child with this disability may be completely deaf or blind but, the existence of the two impairment makes it difficult for such child to learn as his/her peers. REFERENCES https://www.specialeducationguide.com https://www.wecapale.com https://www.disabled-world.com https://www.verywellfamily.com https://specialeducareer.com
