SKELETAL SYSTEM WORKSHEET Name: Date: Color the diagram below using the table as a key. Number 1. Color Name of Bone 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com Skeletal Systems Notes CLASSIFICATION OF BONES There are 206 named bones of the human body that are classified into axial and appendicular skeletons THE AXIAL SKELETON 80 bones segregated into three major regions (the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage). These are the bones that are most involved in protecting, supporting, and carrying other body parts. The Skull: Sometimes also referred to as the cranium, but actually the cranium is the portion of the skull that protects the brain. The skull includes 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones. Mandible – the lower jaw, largest and strongest facial bone The Vertebral Column: consists of 26 irregular bones and extends from the skull to the pelvis where it transmits the weight of the body to the lower limbs. The bones of the vertebral column include 24 vertebrae, the sacrum, and the coccyx. The Bony Thorax: composed of the 12 pairs of Ribs and the Sternum The Appendicular Skeleton 126 bones of the upper and lower limbs and the shoulder and pelvic girdles. These bones assist in locomotion and help us manipulate the environment. Bones of the appendicular skeleton include: 9. Pelvic Bones (hip bones: 2) 1. Clavicle (collar bone: 2) 10. Femur (upper leg bone: 2) 2. Scapula (shoulder blade: 2) 11. Patella (knee cap: 2) 3. Humerus (upper arm bone: 2) 12. Fibula (lower leg bone: 2) 4. Radius (forearm, thumb side: 2) 13. Tibia (shin bone: 2) 5. Ulna (forearm, pinky side: 2) 14. Tarsals (ankle bones: 14) 6. Carpals (wrist bones: 16) 15. Metatarsals (foot bones: 10) 7. Metacarpals (hand bones: 10) 16. Phalanges of feet (toes: 28) 8. Phalanges of hands (fingers: 28) Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com Name: _______________________________________Date:________________ Complete the following sentences with the correct word or phrase. 1. There are _____________ bones in the skeleton. 2. The two parts of the skeleton are the _________________skeleton and _______________________ skeleton. 3. The four types of bones are _________________ bones, ________________ bones, _________________ bones and ________________ bones. 4. White blood cells are manufactured in the ______________ of ____________________. 5. The type of bone found in the shaft of a long bone is _____________________ bone. 6. The ends of long bones are called _____________________. 7. The ends of long bones are covered with _________________________. 8. Spongy bone is found in the _____________ of long bones. 9. _____________blood cells are manufactured in the heads of long bones. 10. At birth the entire skeleton of a baby is made up of ______________________. 11. The substance needed to make strong healthy bones is _____________________. 12. Between the ages of _________to _________ years the skeleton stops growing in girls. 13. In boys the skeleton stops growing between the ages of ________ to ________years. 14. Complete the following questions. List 5 functions of bones within the skeletal system! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Describe compact bone! 1. Describe spongy bone! 2. Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com Multiple Choice: 1. Cartilage is A) Infection in the bones B) Swelling & stiffness in a joint C) Tough flexible cushion between two bones D) Curvature of the spine 2. Ligaments A) Strong cord that connects bone to bone B) Strong cord that connects muscle to bone 3. Tendons A) Strong cord that connects bone to bone B) Strong cord that connects muscle to bone 4. Proper care of a sprain is A) Bones kept in place B) Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation C) Regular exercise and supplementation 5. Which of the following is located superior to the femur: A) Metacarpals B) Fibula C) Tibia D) Humerous 6. The heart muscle is an example of a ____________ muscle. A) Voluntary B) Absolute C) Involuntary D) Sternocleidomastoid 7. When a bone matures from a chunk of cartilage to a bone made of spongy material, it is call the process of ____________. A) Osteomyelitis B) Osteobacterial C) Ossification D) Solidification E) All of the above 8. A bone is supplied with nutrients by A) Yellow Bone Marrow B) Red Bone Marrow C) Calcification D) Blood Vessels 9. What part of the skeletal system consists of the skull, breastbone, ribs and vertebrae? A. Systematic B. Vertebral C. Axial D. Appendicular 10. What system protects the internal organs from being damaged? A .Muscular B. Reproductive C. Padded D. Skeletal 11. The appendicular skeleton consist of what parts? A. Head, sternum, ribs and vertebrae B. Hands, feet, legs, hips and arms C. Feet, head, legs, ribs and arms D. Hips, head, toes and fingers Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com 12. The point at which two bones come together is what? A. Ligaments B. Pivot C. Ossification D. Joint 13. The fibrous bands that connects two bones in a joint are A. Cartilage B. Tendons C. Ligaments D. Strings 14. The process in which cartilage is replace by bone is called what? A. Synovial Fluid B. Ossification C. Compact bone D. Fracture 15. A break in the bone is called A. Fracture B. Bursitis C. Sprain D. Torn cartilage 16. The three types of muscle fibers are A. Muscular, heart and rough B. Smooth, cardiac, skeletal C. Heart, quadriceps, sternocleidomastoid D. Smooth, rough, tumor 17. Skeletal muscles are A. Involuntary B Voluntary 18. Your stomach muscle is A. Involuntary B. Voluntary 19. How do muscles work together? A. Stretch and pull B. Up and down C. Contraction and Extension D. Right and left 20. The heart is made of what type of muscle fiber? A. Cardiac B. Smooth C. Useful D. Skeletal 21. The esophagus is made of what type of muscle fiber? A. Cardiac B. Smooth B. Useful D. Skeletal 22. The skeleton is _______________________. A. Dead-structures B. Non-living C. Living D. Creepy 23. The neck and hip contain this type of joint. A. Immovable B. Gliding C. Movable D. Hinge Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com 24. This joint consists of a bone with a rounded end that fits into a cup-like cavity on another bone. A. Pivot B. Ball and socket C. Hinge D. Gliding 25. All the bones in your body make up the ________________. A. Skeletal system B. Bone system C. Bone structure D. Skeletal structure 26. Your shoulder is what type of joint? A. Ball and socket B. Hinge C. Pivot D. Gliding 27. At birth, your skeleton was made up of _____________ bones A. a greater number of B. the same number of C. a smaller number of D. no 28. This joint has a back and forth movement like a door. A. Ball and socket B. Gliding C. Hinge D. Pivot 29. Bones protect your _________________. A. heart B. organs C. skull D. All of the answers 30. This joint can give more range of motion than other joints A. Hinge B. Gliding C. Ball and socket D. Pivot 31. Now you have _______________ bones. A. 206 B. 126 C. 602 D. 612 32. At a joint in the body, bones are held together with what? A. Tendons B. Ligaments C. Cartilage D. Muscle 33. _______________ are the cushioning tissues in joints. A. Tendons B. Ligaments C. Cartilage D. Muscles 34. What is outer dense part of bone? A. Marrow B. Cartilage C. Spongy bone D. Compact bone 35. Gliding joint are found in the ____________ A. Ankles, toes and shoulders B. Hips, fingers and vertebrae C. Elbow, knees, fingers and toes D. Ankles, wrists and vertebrae 36. What is another name for the knee cap? A. Pendulum B. Paletta C. Patella D. Panetta Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com 37. The upper arm bone is called the __________. A. Radius B. Humerus C. Ulma D. Femor 38. What is another word for shoulder blade? A. Pelvis B. Scapula C. Clavical D. Mandible 39. Bone-forming cells are called _______. A. Osteocasts B. Osteoclasts C. Osteobasts D. Osteoblasts 40. When were our bones mostly cartilage? A. At birth B. Now C. Never D. At the age of 2 41. Bones are made _________________ tissue A. Connective B. Nerve C. Muscle D. Epithelial 42. In the top of the skull, bones are A. Broken apart B. Dissolved C. Stayed separate D. Fused together 43. What does cartilage do? A. Protects internal organs B. Allows bones to come apart easily C. Allows bones to rub together D. Acts as a shock absorber 44. _________________ is made of tough bands of connective tissue A. Bone B. Cartilage C. Muscle D. Ligament 45. The joint in which one part of a bone slides over another bone. A. Ball and socket B. Hinge C. Pivot D. Gliding 46. What is located between the vertebrae? A. Cartilage B. Fat cells C. Skin D. Blood cells 47. Where is a fixed (immovable) joint located? A. Hip B. Knee C. Skull D. Finger 48. What tissue is thick, tough, and slippery? A. Protects internal organs B. Cartilage C. Bone marrow D. Spongy bone 49. The skeletal system has _____major functions, A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3 Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com 50. These build up bone. A. Osteophlasts B. Osteoplasts C. Osteoclasts D. Osteoblasts 51. What is attached to bone and causes them to move? A. Cartilage B. Muscles C. Marrow D. Ligaments 52. Where is spongy bone located in a bone? A. Middle of all bones. B. Directly under the periosteum C. Ends of long bones D. Ends of all bones 53. What is in the center of cells that forms red blood cells? A. Yellow Marrow B. Blood makers C. Red Marrow D. Fat cells 54. Arms and legs are part of the ______________ skeleton A. Axial B. Appendicular C. Central D. Main 55. What is our mandible? A. Pelvis B. Largest bone in our body C. Cheek bones D. Jaw bone 56. _________________ provides most of the strength for bones. A. Compact bone B. Cartilage C. Bone marrow D. Spongy bone 57. What is yellow marrow composed of? A. Red blood cells B. Fat C. Bones cells D. White blood cells. 58. Bones are mostly made of the mineral _________________. A. Potassium B. Iron C. Calcium D. Oxygen 59. Joints do not allow movement are called ____________________ joints. A. Movable B. Ball and Socket C. Immovable D. Hinge 60. What type of joint is in our wrist? A. Hinge B. Pivot C. Ball and socket D. Gliding 61. How many ribs do we have? A. 12 B. 24 C. 36 D. 48 62. These two things make bones hard. A. Calcium and phosphorous B. Zinc and oxide C. Milk and Cheese D. Iron and Calcium Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com 63. Where are most of your bones located? A. Ribs B. Hands and Feet C. Arms D. Skull Fill-INS – Fill in the missing information about the different type of joints TYPE EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION 64. Shoulder & Hip 65. Pivot Joint 66. Moves up & down and side to side. Hinge 67. Moves in only one direction 68. 69. Wrists & Ankles Match the term with the correct definition 70. ________ Flat Bones 71. ________ Short Bones 72. ________ Irregular Bones 73. ________ Flat Bones A) Bones of the skull. B) Bones of the shoulder and hip C) Bones such as the humerous, femur, radius, ulna and fibula. D) Bones phalanges and carpal Word Bank for fill in questions Cannot Can bones are brittle and break easily 74. Voluntary muscles are muscles that you ___________ control. 75. Involuntary muscles are muscles that you ____________ control. 76. Osteoporosis is a disease where ___________________________________________. 77. This muscle extends your ulna and radius from the body at the elbow. 78. Starting with your arms above your head, this muscle allows you to pull down on an object. 79. In order to abduct your leg, you must contract which muscle(s)? Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com Draw a diagram illustrating where yellow and red bone marrow are found within a long bone! Describe where you can find each of the following shapes of bones! 1. Flat: 2. Irregular: 3. Short: 4. Long: Family 2 Family Learning Center Contact us @family2familylearningcenter@gmail.com
