Procedures:
1. All glassware for the experiment was dried in an oven at 105oC for 24 hours.
2. Two drying tubes were prepared by packing a layer of cotton wool followed by a 2 cm
layer of calcium chloride granules and another layer of cotton wool into the tube.
3. A stand-and-clamp was set up followed by attaching a three-neck flask to the clamp at
the middle neck position in a fume hood.
4. A dropping funnel was then attached to one of the outer necks of the three-neck flask and
a drying tube was attached to the other end of the dropping funnel.
5. A condenser was then attached to the middle neck of the three-neck flask along with a
clamp for support and a drying tube was attached to the other end of the condenser.
6. A cap was used to close the last opening of the three-neck flask, then 2 grams of
magnesium turnings were added to the bottom of the three-neck flask.
7. Then 12.9 grams of bromobenzene was mixed together with 40ml of sodium dried diethyl
ether in a flask.
8. While making sure that the separating funnel is closed, the drying tube was temporarily
removed and the reagents from the flask were poured into the top followed by the
restoration of the drying tube.
9. Then 10ml of the reagent was allowed to enter the three-neck flask.
10. A hot water bath at 40oC was then placed under the three-neck flask and a glass rod was
used the gently crush some of the magnesium turnings to get the reaction started.
11. The reaction was then kept at boiling about 15 minutes, then the hot water bath was
removed.
12. Then, 8ml of benzaldehyde along with 10ml of diethyl ether was added to the separating
funnel.
13. The contents of the separating funnel were then slowly added to the reaction, then the
separating funnel was removed after adding the contents.
14. The hot water bath was placed under the three-neck flask once more and it was boiled for
30 minutes.
15. The condenser and drying tubes were removed from the three-neck flask and replaced
with caps.
16. Then the three-neck flask was removed from the stand and clamp and placed inside a
cold-water bath for a few minutes.
17. Some sulfuric acid was then added to the three-neck flask dropwise over the course of 20
minutes.
18. The contents of the three-neck flask were the placed inside a separating funnel and the
top layer was separated.
19. The separated layer was washed a few times and then dried with magnesium sulfate.
20. The mixture was then heated to remove all of the solvent leaving the product behind.