Chapter 4:
Small Group
Theories
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Chapter Learning Objectives
(Check off when you think a chapter learning objective has been achieved.)
✔
1. Understand systems theory and it application to small groups.
2. ✔
Learn theories about small group development.
3. ✔
Learn theories related to leadership and group roles.
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4. Learn theories related to small group communication and climate.
5. ✔
Understand the benefits and limits of theory.
Chapter 4 Handouts
(Check off when each handout has been completed.)
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Reading Guide (4 pages)
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Vocabulary Quiz (1 page)
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True/False Quiz (1 page)
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Multiple Choice Quiz (2 pages)
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Journal (2 pages)
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Activity Sheet (2 pages) (Small Group Theories and Systems Theory)
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Chapter Evaluation (2 pages)
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Chapter 4: Small Group Theories
CHAPTER 4 READING GUIDE
Name:
Class:
Deena Almalek
COMM B8
List five primary components of theory:
Rules and techniques
1.
2.
Conjecture and Speculation
Formal idea that results from conjecture and speculation
3. Various hypothetical principles or circumstances
4.
5.
A series of facts, principles, or propositions that explain a situation
How can a knowledge of theories improve your small group experience?
Knowledge of theories can improve a small group experience by developing a higher
chance to create a new experience and outcomes.
Define the following terms related to Systems Theory:
group made up of several parts all working with and replying on
Interdependence: each other
roup made up of several parts all working with and
Openness to the environment: replying on each other
working together to achieve something greater through group collaboration
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Entropy: measurement of chaos and disorganization
Input variables: various steps/procedures a group goes through as they obtain goals
and manage functions within the group
process value or process parameter is the current measured value
Process variables: of a particular part of a process which is being monitored or
controlled.
Output variables: the solutions or accomplishments achieved by the groups
Explain the difference between equifinality and multifinality:
Equifinality states that the different rates will lead to the same outcome.
Multifinality states that identical starting points will lead to multiple outcomes.
According to Structuration Theory, what provides structure to a small group?
Structuration Theory states the people's unique experiences, beliefs, expectations,
rules, norms, values, shared values, procedures, traditions, ect.
List the five categories of basic human needs:
Self Actualization
1.
2.
Self Esteem
Love and Belonging
3. Safety and Security
4.
5.
Physiological Needs
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Chapter 4: Small Group Theories
List the five stages that all groups go through:
1.
Forming
2.
Storming
3.
Norming
4.
Performing
5.
Adjourning
Why has the Transactional Model of communication replaced Shannon and Weaver’s linear model?
The reason that the Transactional Model replaces the linear model is being more
effective at identifying multiple factors and barriers in communication. It also
identifies all members as senders and receivers of messages.
In Symbolic Convergence Theory, what is a “fantasy theme,” and how can it help a small group
become more cohesive?
A good example of a "fantasy theme" is a group having a shared interest in a car.
They all share their experiences and expectations and creates a sense of community.
According to Functional Theory, what are some functions that a small group leader performs?
The functions that the small group leader is establishes criteria, generate solutions,
compare solutions, and select best solutions.
Why has Trait Theory fallen out of favor?
The Trait Theory fallen out of favor declares that great leaders have specific traits , a
statement which shuts potentially great leaders down.
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What is the difference between a transactional leader and a transformational leader?
A transactional is tough, assistive, and rewards or punishes according to
performance. Transformational works with and encourages peers to improve.
List and describe three primary different leadership styles:
Consulative
1.
2.
Participative
Authorative
3. What is the Naturalistic Paradigm, and what criticism does it have to make of much small group
research?
Natuarlistic Paradigm is the limited amount of time for groups to work with each
other, external pressures, members might have little in common.
Briefly list how each of the following theories can help you understand your small group better:
Systems Theory: Basic Understanding of rules, principles, speculation, and group
cohesiveness
Structuration Theory: How groups come together and establish a foundational structure
Symbolic Convergence Theory: Group bonding and cohesion on a deeper community
like level
Functional Theory: Generates solution and establishes criteria and improves one´s
function in a group
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