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CHIPS Articles: CENTRIXS-Maritime: connecting the warfighter
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CHIPS Articles: CENTRIXS-Maritime: connecting the warfighter
CENTRIXS-Maritime: connecting the warfighter
By Ann Dakis - July-September 2011
The Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific's C4ISR department is working to make
information dominance a reality by providing integrated command, control, communications,
computers, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems to the U.S. Navy and coalition
partners in the Asia-Pacific region.
"We are a key part of SSC Pacific's interface to the fleet," said Brad Carter, head of the maritime C4
systems engineering branch. "We interact daily with operational commanders and their staffs —
they are the ones that give us requirements and tell us what's coming down the road operationally."
The Pacific C4ISR department provides the full spectrum of support services, from engineering to
deployment, for Combined Enterprise Regional Information Exchange System efforts in the Pacific
area of responsibility. CENTRIXS is a collection of classified coalition networks, called enclaves, that
enable information sharing through the use of email and Web services, instant messaging or chat,
the Common Operational Picture service, and Voice over IP. CENTRIXS supports combatant
commands throughout the world, including the U.S. Pacific, Central and European commands.
"We support eight enclaves, each with a particular mission and particular set of coalition partners
that participate in it," said Daryl Ching, head of the network engineering branch. "Two are bilaterals,
CENTRIXS-JPN between the United States and Japan, and CENTRIXS-K, between the United States
and Republic of Korea. The rest are multilateral among specific communities of interest, for
example, CENTRIXS Cooperative Maritime Forces Pacific links the U.S. with Australia, Japan,
S
"
https://www.doncio.navy.mil/chips/ArticleDetails.aspx?ID=2496
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center
Pacific’s C4ISR department personnel
provide integrated command, control,
communications, computers,
intelligence, surveillance and
reconnaissance systems to the U.S. Navy
and coalition partners in the Asia-Pacific
region.
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CHIPS Articles: CENTRIXS-Maritime: connecting the warfighter
Singapore, India, Korea and many other nations with Pacific navies."
CENTRIXS networks are used to supportcoalition interoperability among partner nations in
antiterrorism, antipiracy, and humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations throughout the
world. CENTRIXS is also used extensively to support exercises like RIMPAC, or Rim of the Pacific,
which can involve more than 14 countries.
Ching is responsible for the design and sustainment of CENTRIXS Network Operations Centers
(NOCs) for the Navy. He ensures that the infrastructure at these shore stations support U.S. afloat
forces and also integrate with coalition NOCs around the world. Ching is involved in a military
construction project called P-173 with Naval Computer and Telecommunications Area Master
Station Pacific in Wahiawa, Hawaii. He explained the significance of the project, "P-173 will be a new
communication center supporting all Navy communications in this region, and we're on task to
move the CENTRIXS Pacific Region NOC over from the old building."
This project includes the relocation of seven coalition network enclaves, each consisting of routers,
switches, servers, desktop computers, computer network defense systems, circuits, modems and
cryptographic devices.
The CENTRIXS portion of P-173 allows Ching's engineers to improve the system design and gain
efficiencies through virtualization. Each CENTRIXS network enclave will be redesigned to have
improved performance, redundancy and future growth potential with an overall reduction in the
server footprint. Through virtualizationtechniques, the physical server count will be reduced from
88 down to 24, which will also reduce the demand for space, power, cooling and ventilation in the
new building.
The new CENTRIXS NOC will allow coalition countries improved access to the various networks
through the use of the Internet and allow watchstanders improved monitoring capability through
increased workstation access. The improved CENTRIXS NOC system will also be used as the
baseline system for the Unified Atlantic Region Network Operations Center located in Norfolk, Va.
Ching is also working with the CENTRIXS Battle Force Tactical Network (BFTN) program, an effort
to design a fail-safe system to maintain coalition networking communication in a satellite denied
environment. The BFTN and CENTRIXS-M programs teamed up to focus on providing the
warfighter with coalition interoperability in the event of loss or reduction in satellite
communications.
"Traditional communications are hub and spoke, with the NOC being the hub and ships being the
spokes," Ching said. "In the event that connectivity to the hub is lost, ships still need to
communicate and interoperate with each other."
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CHIPS Articles: CENTRIXS-Maritime: connecting the warfighter
The BFTN group focuses on the physical hardware and communication devices for line-of-sight
(LOS) and over-thehorizon (OTH) capability, while Ching's CENTRIXS-M engineers focus on the
software applications and ad hoc networking environment.
"The ad hoc network environment is created when U.S. and coalition ships join in LOS or OTH
communications," Ching said. "This creates an interesting challenge as the routing architecture and
software applications have to adjust to this constantly changing network environment. In addition
to the routing architecture, the computer network defense architecture has to adjust to this as
well."
In the past, the NOCs were the perimeter defense for ships providing computer network defense.
With LOS and OTH communications, a U.S. Navy ship has the ability to directly communicate and
establish a network connection with a coalition ship.
Carter oversees the design, configuration and deployment of both portable and permanent
CENTRIXS capability for coalition partners. In this regard, fly away kits are provided to partner
nations that do not have a deployable or permanent CENTRIXS capability to rapidly support a
coalition operation or exercise.
The kits provide the temporary connectivity required for countries to participate in the event, and
hopefully, entice them to have CENTRIXS permanently installed. The kits have the capability to
connect quickly and securely to a variety of widearea circuits for communicating with other
CENTRIXS units. For example, the fly away kits have interfaces to Inmarsat-B, Fleet Broadband, KuBand, Broadband Global Area Network (BGAN), VSAT, Iridium and Fleet 77 satellite systems.
The kits also support the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), regular telephone lines, and
tunneling via the Internet to link into the proper CENTRIXS enclave. The Pacific C4ISR department
developed many of the networking standards and settings for these different configurations, which
have been shared and propagated to other combatant commands. This standardization results in a
globally scalable maritime design enabling seamless connectivity from almost anywhere on the
planet.
"At any given time, we have anywhere from five to 15 kits deployed," Carter said. "Each one requires
quite a bit of preplanning and testing because it has to be configured to work with the designated
country's shipboard design and onboard systems. In addition, we are constantly making
modifications to the kits to take advantage of new technologies."
The fly away kits led to the successful installation of permanent CENTRIXS capabilities in various
S
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CHIPS Articles: CENTRIXS-Maritime: connecting the warfighter
countries in the region, for example, in Singapore and Malaysia.
The department maintains a secure laboratory, known as the Technical Development Center (TDC),
where equipment for temporary and permanent CENTRIXS installations for coalition partners can
be staged, configured, and tested end-to-end using a country's specific circuit paths. The TDC's
extensive capability results in a tremendous improvement in efficiencies for CENTRIXS deployments
and installations in coalition countries.
Efforts that previously had to be done weeks in advance can now be done in only a few hours
saving considerable time and money while increasing warfighting effectiveness. The rapid
deployment enabled installations on units within one day of getting underway, greatly enhancing
interoperability.
"We successfully installed kits on Indian navy ships scheduled to participate in Malabar 2011 in one
day, and similar efforts were used to deploy more than 25 kits in supporting units participating in
RIMPAC 2010," Carter said.
The maritime industry is transitioning to the next generation of satellite systems, and the Pacific
C4ISR department followed suit for the Navy to take advantage of cost savings and increased
services. Transitioning from Inmarsat-B to the BGAN satellites allowed fly away kit holders to move
from paying by a perminute rate to a per-megabyte data rate. The large reduction in cost for
connectivity enabled the kits to stay continuously connected, allowing coalition partners to greatly
increase situational awareness and participate full time in collaboration at sea.
"CENTRIXS has become more prevalent in recent years because of growth in the need for secure
coalition networks that allow partner nations to work more closely in their operations," said
CENTRIXS lead engineer Dr. Russ Grall. "But a second reason is efficiency. By standardizing network
designs we've addressed problems that have existed in the past where countries build their own
systems then try and interface with the U.S. and cannot because of protocols or standards."
Permanent CENTRIXS installations also reduce U.S. naval costs because partner nations pay for the
connectivity, and U.S. personnel do not have to continually prepare, deploy and recover fly away
kits. One of the most significant developments has been the capability to access certain CENTRIXS
enclaves via the Internet.
"Rather than have countries pay thousands of dollars to put in a dedicated classified circuit, they
can use the Internet as a transport to get to CENTRIXS which costs a few dollars a month," Grall
said.
Carter and Ching's branches are working together to expand the presence of CENTRIXS over the
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Internet to additional enclave networks. They work together on many efforts to ensure consistency
in the design and performance of products.
"Improvements to the hardware that is deployed, reductions in equipment size, efficiencies in long
haul connectivity, the wide area circuits that connect countries to the U.S. NOC, as well as
tunneling over the Internet, have all helped facilitate further CENTRIXS growth and successes
because these are capabilities that countries want and are willing to buy," Grall said.
The efforts of Carter, Ching and Grall in Hawaii are critical for allowing the U.S. Navy to interoperate
with coalition partners within the joint community. Their familiarity with partner nation platforms,
requirements and operations ensure that the future of coalition information sharing remains strong.
CENTRIXS is a collection of classified coalition networks, called enclaves, that enable U.S. and
coalition information sharing through the use of email and Web services, instant messaging or
chat, the Common Operational Picture service, and Voice over IP.
Ann Dakis is a staff writer with SSC Pacific's public affairs office.
TAGS: Cybersecurity, NEN, NNE, Spectrum, Telecommunications, Wireless, Workforce
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