MANAGING CHANGE LABOUR LAW IN VIETNAM Vietnam is in a robust transition to becoming a true market economy – its openness to international trade and extraordinary economic growth in recent decades has made the country a highly interesting investment destination. We stand by your side with international know-how and local knowledge, all from a single source, allowing you to take advantage of this unique opportunity and reap the rewards in this growing and attractive market. Rödl & Partner 2 MANAGING CHANGE LABOUR LAW IN VIETNAM 3 Content 1. Introduction 2. Law on Labour Contracts 6 6 2.1. Labour Contract 7 2.2. Terms of Labour Contracts 8 2.3. Foreign employees 8 2.3.1. Visa 9 2.3.2 Temporary Redidence Card (TRC) 10 2.3.3. Foreigners requiring a work permit 10 2.3.4. Application process for a work permit 11 2.3.5. Exemptions for foreigners 12 2.3.6. The 30 / 90 Rule and the 3-month category 13 2.4. Probation 14 2.5. Working hours, rest hours, holidays, overtime 14 2.6. Minimum wages 15 2.7. Salary during sickness and maternity / paternity leave 16 2.8. Potential bonus schemes 16 3. Internal Labour Rules (ILR’s) 4. Labour discipline 4.1. Health and safety obligations 5. Trade Union 16 17 17 18 6. Strikes 18 7. Termination of Employment 19 7.1 Unilateral termination 20 7.2 Bilateral termination 21 8. Taxes and duties 21 8.1 Personal income tax (PIT) 21 8.2 Compulsory social insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance, and trade union fees 22 9. Penalties 23 9.1 Work permit violations 23 9.2 Penalties for employers for violations in Trade Union Contributions 23 About us 24 Contact26 1. Introduction he following provides a short overview over the regulatory and pracT tical requirements on labour laws of Vietnam. Vietnam’s population is over 91 million and expected to grow at an annual rate of 1.3 %. Around 60 % of the population is under 23 years of age. Approximately 15 % of the population is considered to be trained or skilled. As one might expect, the position of employees is rather well protected compared to other countries. Protectionwise there is no distinction between foreigners with a local labour contract and Vietnamese employees. The Labour Code, however, grants certain protections to particular groups of employees (women, disabled, elderly, etc.) Vietnam’s labour legislation and its implementation in practice are well developed. It covers almost all aspects of labour relations in the work place from the right to work to the right to organize of workers, from labour contracts to collective bargaining agreements, from minimum working ages to minimum wages, etc. The new Law on social security has introduced some wide-ranging changes which are considered to be good for international investors. As a member of the WTO and FTA’s being initiated, Vietnam is in urgent domestic and international demand for the incorporation and implementation of international labour standards. Vietnam will receive legal, political and economic benefits from the implementation of FTA’s with the region and beyond. Those agreements will increase trust, legal certainty and therefore be beneficial for foreign investors in Vietnam. 2. Law on Labour Contracts The main law regulating employment relationships in Vietnam is the 2012 Labour Code. For foreign nationals, there is also a set of implementing regulations, including Decree 11/2016/ND-CP (Decree 11), which mainly provides guidance on matters related to work permits for foreign workers in Vietnam. 6 Although, strictly speaking, this is not required by law, it is recommended to use the standard labour contract issued by MOLISA as a template in order to avoid possible problems. This applies also to multinational companies that prefer to have their own standard contracts for all jurisdictions they do business in. The Vietnamese Labour regulations provide the legal options of probation, seasonal, indefinite and definite labour contracts. 2.1. LABOUR CONTRACT The labour contract must be written in Vietnamese. If one of the parties is a foreigner (this includes foreign-invested enterprises), the contract may be bilingual (Vietnamese, followed by a translation into the foreign language), but the Vietnamese version prevails in case of inconsistencies between the 2 versions. As a general rule, an employment contract is effective from the date stated in the contract and there are no filing requirements to effectuate the labour relationship. An employer has to declare its use of employees to the labour authority within 30 days from the date of its commencement of operation. Further reports on changes have to be made every 6 months. Salary paid to Vietnamese employees must be paid in Vietnamese Dong (VND). Within the territory of Vietnam all transactions in contracts and agreements are required to be conducted in foreign currency. The law provides several exceptions to this general rule. Foreign employees (whether they are residents or non-resident) are permitted to receive salaries, bonuses and allowances in a foreign currency. Therefore, the salary may be stated and paid in any tradable currency. 7 2.2. TERMS OF LABOUR CONTRACTS Probation Period Probation in Vietnam can be 6 to 60 days depending on the qualification and eduction of the new employee. Definite Term Labour Contract Definite labour contracts can be agreed upon for 12 to 36 months and twice in a row. 12 months is common after probation. Indefinite Term Labour Contracts After 2 definite term contracts, the labour contract will automatically become an indefinite term contract. Seasonal and Project Contracts For seasonal works as well as on project base, a labour contract can be for less than 12 months. Foreigner Locally employed foreigner will in pracitce always have a maximum of 24 months contracts due to work permit reduglations. 2.3. FOREIGN EMPLOYEES The Labour Code explicitly states that it applies to foreign nationals working in Vietnam, and the general rule is, that foreigners working in Vietnam must comply with the Vietnamese Labour laws, unless an international treaty to which Vietnam is a party objects. Foreigners can either have a local employment contract or be seconded from the parent company (internal transfer). If an employment contract is signed with a Vietnam-based entity, the law of Vietnam must apply regardless of the choice of law by the parties. In Vietnam, a visa and a work permit are 2 separate documents that are used for different purposes. A visa is an official endorsement allowing a foreigner to enter and to remain within Vietnam, while a work permit is the permission for a foreign worker to take a job in Vietnam. A visa can be replaced by a temporary residence card (TRC) which grants a foreign worker the right to stay in Vietnam for a certain length of time. If a foreigner wants to stay and to work in Vietnam, a work permit and a visa or a TRC will be required. 8 2.3.1. Visa The following visas are relevant in terms of employment and business activities: Forms of visa Object Recipient Business visa This type of visa is for foreigners attempting to enter Vietnam for business purpose. The common validity of a multiple-entry business visa is 3 months. Overseas Vietnamese embassy / consulate Family visa –– This type of visa is for direct family member of a foreigner working in Vietnam. The family members must have the adequate evidence of dependency. –– The maximum validity of a multiple-entry family visa is 12 months on a case by case basis. Overseas Vietnamese embassies or overseas Vietnamese consulate Working visa –– This type of visa is issued when an foreigner obtains a work permit. –– The validity of a multipleentry working visa is the same as the validity of the work permit (maximum 2 years on a case by case basis). Overseas Vietnamese embassy / consulate Investment visa –– This type of visa is for foreign investors mentioned in the Enterprise Registration Certificate and the Investment Registration Certificate, or for lawyers having the Foreign Registered Lawyer Licenses. –– The maximum validity of a multiple-entry investment visa is 5 years on a case by case basis. Overseas Vietnamese embassy / consulate 9 For the Visa application (except for tourist visa) the following points have to be considered: Required documents –– Application forms –– Enterprise Registration Certificate –– Copy of passport Timeline Application Result 5 working days A Visa approval for employee to receive the visa at overseas Vietnamese embassy / consulate Note: In practice, the authorities only issue visas with the maximum validity of 1 year. To stay in Vietnam for more than 1 year, a foreigner must have a TRC. 2.3.2 Temporary Residence Card The Temporary Residence Card (TRC) replace a visa and it can be issued if a foreigner has a work permit, a Law Practice Registration or an Investment Certificate. The family can get the TRC along wwith the employee as long as they have dependency evidence. The TRC can be renewed if the foreigner and his / her family do not need to leave Vietnam provided that the foreigner must work for the same company sponsoring his/her visa at the first time. 2.3.3 Foreigners requiring a work permit The initial principle is, that all foreign individuals (i.e. non-Vietnamese Citizens) require a Work Permit issued by the Department of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (DOLISA) before they commence and undertake any employment in Vietnam, exceptions apply. 10 Manager / CEOs Specialists Technicians –– Managerial position that is entitled to enter into the company‘s transactions which is mentioned in the company‘s license / Charter. –– CEO‘s appointed (if registered in the license, manager definition above applies). –– Confirmation as a specialist in writing by a foreign organization (Guidance on this to be expected) –– Bachelor‘s degree (or higher) and at least 3 years of work experience in area relevant with proposed position. Technical training or other specialized training at least 1 year and at least 3 years of work experience in trained field. Work permits are issued by the local DOLISA where the foreign employee is working. They are issued for a maximum period of 2 years and may be renewed. Before employing a foreigner on the basis of a local employment contract, the employer must apply for a need of foreign labour at the local labour authorities. In case of internal transfer the parent company has to confirm that the employee worked for the parent company for at least 1 year. 2.3.4. Application process for a work permit For the application process the following points have to be considered: Application process Required documents Timeline Result Step 1 Registration of the need of using foreigner Report on the need of using foreigner 10 working days Approval on the need of using foreigner 11 Step 2 Application for work permit Application form Approval on the need of using foreigner Criminal record from overseas / OR in Vietnam Health check from overseas/ OR in Vietnam Experience confirmation/AND Educational Qualification 7 working days Work permit with the limitation of 2 years Step 3 Submission of labor contract (recruitment case) Copy of signed labor contract The signed labor contract must be submitted to the labor authority within 5 working days upon the date of signing the labor contract 2.3.5. Exemptions for foreigners There are various Exemption Categories available for foreign individuals seeking to undertake employment in Vietnam without a Work Permit. Short term assignment 30 / 90 Rule –– <= 30 days per time –– <= 90 days per year –– Exempted from applying a confirmation on work permit exemption Internal transfer in 11 service industries –– Working for the mother company at least 12 –– CPC code detail stipulated in the relevant guidance –– Required to apply for Confirmation on work permit exemption 12 Investor / member of Board of Directors –– Individual Investor (mentioned in the License) –– Member of the BoD in the Vietnamese entity –– Required to apply for confirmation on work permit exemption Lawyer –– Foreign Registered Lawyer License –– Required to apply for confirmation on work permit exemption Traineeship –– Currently studying overseas –– Previous limitation 3 months, currently waiting for guidance –– Exempted from applying a confirmation on work permit exemption Each of the Exemption Categories requires an Exemption Certificate issued in advance by DOLISA before a foreign individual can commence employment in Vietnam. 2.3.6. The 30 / 90 Rule and the 3-month category The 30 / 90 Rule and the 3-month category do not require an Exemption Certificate and are available to employers / foreign individuals without prior approval from authorities. Provisions require the foreign individual to come to Vietnam for a period of less than 3 months to offer services. That provision is not available to a foreign individual if it: –– Is intending to work for longer than 3 months in Vietnam without leaving. –– Is already in Vietnam providing services (either under a work permit, or a previous 3-month Rule), and therefore has not come to Vietnam to offer services for less than 3 months. –– If not entering Vietnam prima facie to offer services, but for tourism purposes There are no specific guidelines indicating whether this 3-month time period for working commences immediately when someone arrives to Vietnam or if the 3 months are starting when first providing services; it is also unclear how long a foreigner has to stay outside of Vietnam before being allowed to re-enter under the 30 / 90 rule. 13 2.4. PROBATION It is common practice to arrange a probation period in Vietnam when engaging new employees. The parties may agree on the following probationary periods: –– up to 60 days for jobs requiring professional or technical college qualification or above; –– up to 30 days for jobs requiring an intermediate-level qualification, or for trained staff; –– up to 6 days for any other position that require no training. Presently, a probationary period can be included in either the labour contract or in a separate offer letter. The offer letter is a notification by the employer to the employee stating that the employer wishes the employee to commence a job and specifying the conditions under which the employee is to work. If the probationary period is included in the offer letter, there is no obligation to pay social security contributions during the probationary period. During the probationary period, the employer must pay a salary that corresponds to at least 85 % of the ordinary salary for the job. Either party may terminate the employment relationship during the probationary period without observing a notice period or paying compensation. 2.5. WORKING HOURS, REST HOURS, HOLIDAYS, OVERTIME The following is an overview over working hours, leave and overtime regulations in Vietnam. Maximum Working Hours –– 8 hours a day (including 30 minutes break; 45 minutes break during night time) –– 48 hours per week Paid Leave (annual leave) –– 12 days paid leave; 1 additional day for every 5 years of employment –– 10 public holidays; foreign employees are additionally entitled to a day off with pay on 1 traditional holiday –– additional days off to special occasions (marriage, death, etc.) 14 Overtime Not more than 12 hours work / day, 30 hours overtime / month and 200 hours overtime / year (in some sectors 300 hours / year or with permission from DOLISA) Overtime payment The overtime pay is at least 150 % of actual hourly wage on a normal working day, at least 200 % on a weekly day off and at least 300 % on a public holiday or paid days off (exclusive of wages of public holidays and paid days off prescribed by the Labour Code). 2.6. MINIMUM WAGES Vietnam’s National Wage Council has decided upon a modest 6.5 % average increase in monthly regional minimum wages across the country for 2018. From January, workers must be compensated between minimums of 2.76 million VND (121 US-Dollar) to 3.98 million VND (175 US-Dollar), graded in 4 regions: Region Cities Minimum Wage Region I Parts of Hanoi and HCMC, Dong Nai Province, Vung Tau Province, Binh Duong Province, …* 3.980.000 VND / month Region II Remaining districts of Hanoi and HCMC, Da Nang, Hung Yen Province, Hue province, Can Tho, Rach Gia, …* 3.530.000 VND / month Region III The remaining provincial cities, …* 3.090.000 VND / month Region IV Covers the remaining administrative divisions 2.760.000 VND / month *For more detailed information cf. appendix Decree No. 141/2017/ND-CP; defined as per December 7th 2017 The so called common minimum wage is at 1.390.000 VND (2018) and is the base for the calculation for the cap of Social Insurance and Health Insurance. 15 2.7. SALARY DURING SICKNESS AND MATERNITY / PATERNITY LEAVE An employer is not required to pay salary to an employee who is ill or on maternity leave. Salary during this period is paid by the compulsory social insurance. Maternity leave is 6 months. A female employee who is pregnant, on maternity leave or has a child below 12 months of age can only be dismissed if the enter- prise ceases operation; no other causes for dismissal are recognized. Paternity leave is also statured with 5 – 14 working days, depending on the number of children born and the circumstances of the birth. 2.8. POTENTIAL BONUS SCHEMES It is common to pay a 13th month salary (Tet bonus). Such bonus can be depending on the performance of the employee and / or the enterprise. International Investors commonly provide an additional private health insurance. Team outings and company trips are commonly expected by the employees and are considered a bonus. In a country with high staff fluctuation, such team events shall be considered important. 3. Internal Labour Rules (ILR’s) An enterprise with 10 employees or more must have written internal labour rules covering all important items of the working environment. The ILR’s come into effect through registration. The employer must consult the employees’ representative, namely the internal labour union. If the company has no such union, the grassroots union has to be involved in the decision process. Carefully worded internal labour rules are important in order for the employer to be able to take disciplinary action against an employee, or to terminate a labour contract in case of poor performance. It is difficult for an enterprise to dismiss an employee for an offense if this offense is not specified in the internal labour rules, or if the enterprise does not have duly registered internal labour rules. An employee who breaches labour rules may, depending on the seriousness of the breach, be disciplined. Disciplinary actions should be performed promptly as they are time-barred after 3 months (6 months in special cases). 16 4. Labour discipline There are various types of labor disciplinary measures which depend on the seriousness of the breach of labor rules committed by an employee, which are: –– reprimand, –– extension of the period for wage increase or transfer to another position with a lower wage (both for a maximum period of 6 months), –– removal from position or demotion, –– dismissal (special procedures with different steps must be followed) The procedures for handling a violation of labour discipline are: –– A meeting must be organized, wherein the employer will bear the burden of proving fault of the employee. –– Representatives from grassroots unions have to attend. –– The employee must be present for defending himself or ask for a defense lawyer. It is prohibited to impose more than one form of labour discipline for a single violation. For an employee who simultaneously commits more than one violation of labour discipline, only the strongest form of discipline corresponding to the most serious violation can be applied. Exemptions of the application of labour discipline apply to employees that are sick, pregnant or on maternity and / or are mentally disordered. Prohibited acts when handling violations of labour discipline include: –– Infringing upon the body or dignity of the employee; –– Applying a fine or wage reduction, instead of a disciplinary measure; –– Disciplining an employee who has committed a violation that is not defined in the internal working regulations. 4.1. HEALTH AND SAFETY OBLIGATIONS An employer must comply with the law on occupational safety and hygiene. The employer must rely on standards, national technical regulations and local technical regulations on occupational safety and hygiene in order to formulate their own internal rules and working procedures to ensure occupational safety and hygiene as appropriate for each type of machinery, equipment and workplace. The Labour Code also regulates in detail the employer‘s obliga- tions for work-related accidents and occupational diseases and the prevention of these. 17 Employers provide health insurance by law for their employees, and must provide regular annual health checks. It is common in international companies to provide an additional private health insurance in order to cover the employee better than the compulsory health insurance. 5. Trade Union There is a multilevel system of trade unions in Vietnam, which ranges from the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor (VGCL) as an umbrella organization to the unions at enterprise level. Apart from collective negotiations, trade unions fulfill such tasks at company level, which are taken over by the works council in other countries. Unlike in some European countries, unions are not entitled to participate in management decisions and presently have no right to be informed about the economic performance of the enterprise. Employers are not obliged to establish a trade union, but they are supposed to create a favorable environment for their establishment. In order for a trade union at enterprise level to be established, five or more employees have to unite and request recognition by the grassroots union. An employer cannot hinder representatives from grassroots unions from visiting the enterprise in order to persuade employees to establish a union. Employers must provide the union in their enterprise with a suitable workplace and adequate facilities. Union officers are entitled to certain time off with pay in order to fulfill their functions. The compulsory Trade Union fee equals 2 % of total Social Insurance salary of all employees per month and has to be paid to the grassroots union. If there is a union within the enterprise, 65 % of the deducted fee to the grassroots union will be returned by the grassroots union directly to the union within the enterprise. 6. Strikes If there is a strike, this is presently usually a wildcat strike, i.e. a strike that is not initiated by any union. Reasons for strikes to occur include the desire on the part of the employees to negotiate a higher salary, or benefits. Such strikes are illegal as the law provides that strikes must be led by a union and are allowed only after dispute resolution mechanisms have failed. The best precaution against illegal strikes is the creation of a friendly atmosphere at the workplace and to treat the employee in a fair and reasonable manner. 18 7. Termination of Employment The rights employees have when their employment contract is terminated depend upon the reason of dismissal and the employment contract. This has effects on the notice period and possible severance payments. The Vietnamese labor law is largely oriented to the needs of the workforce and, in particular in the case of labor disputes, is usually interpreted in favor of the employer. The employment relationship ends in the following cases: Reason for Termination Prior notice Payments to employee Expiry of the labour contract No notice requirement Severance allowance of 1/2 months’ worth of salary for each year of employment (*) Tasks stated in the labour contract have been completed Both parties agree to terminate the labour Employee is sentenced to serve a prison term or is prevented from performing his / her former job by a judgment or decision of a court Employee dies or is declared missing by a court 19 Lawful unilateral termination by the employee Definite term labour contract: 3 or 30 working days, depending on the reasons for termination Indefinite term labour contract: 45 working days. If termination due to prolonged illness: 3 working days unilateral termination by the employer Only possible in very few cases after a long an burdensome process of termination that includes the different grass roots unions. Severance allowance of 1/2 months’ worth of salary for each year of employment (*) *No severance allowance or job-loss allowance has to be paid for years in which contributions to compulsory unemployment insurance were made. Compulsory unemployment insurance was introduced with effect as from 1 January 2009 and applies to businesses with 10 or more employees. 7.1. UNILATERAL TERMINATION An employer can unilaterally terminate a labour contract (independent of whether its term is definite or indefinite) only for the following reasons: Reason for unilateral termination by the employer Consent of trade union / notification to DOLISA? The employee repeatedly fails to perform the work in accordance with the terms of the labour contract (2 warning letters within one month required) Yes Disciplinary dismissal (see "Labour Discipline") Yes Prolonged illness (12 months or more in case of an indefinite term contract; 6 months or more in case of a definite term contract) Yes 20 Production is reduced due to force majeure No Organizational restructuring or technological changes Yes Termination due to merger, consolidation, division, separation, transfer of ownership of assets Yes Enterprise ceases operation No 7.2. BILATERAL TERMINATION The employment relationship can be terminated by a termination agreement. In contrast to dismissal, the termination contract is the most common and most viable option for terminating the employment relationship. In practice, termination is often not easy. A mutual termination agreement between the employer and the employee is often used. This helps to avoid any dispute that may arise or any shortcoming of the termination procedure. The employer and employees may reach agreements on the date of termination, severance payments, etc. The time required to comply with termination procedures is reduced significantly when resolved through mutual agreement. 8. Taxes and duties 8.1. PERSONAL INCOME TAX (PIT) Vietnamese and foreigners working in Vietnam are subject to pay personal income tax (PIT) on their salary. The duration of a foreign employees stay determines his tax status. Tax residents are those individuals meeting one of the following criteria: –– Residing in Vietnam for 183 days or more in either the calendar year or the period of 12 consecutive months from the date of first arrival –– Having a permanent residence in Vietnam and are unable to prove tax residence in another country 21 Tax residents are subject to Vietnamese PIT on their world income at a progressive tax rate of 0 - 35 %. Individuals not meeting the conditions for being tax resident are considered tax non-residents. Tax non-residents are subject to PIT at a flat tax rate of 20 % on their Vietnam related employment income. 8.2. COMPULSORY SOCIAL INSURANCE, HEALTH INSURANCE, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, AND TRADE UNION FEES Vietnam has a compulsory social, health and unemployment insurance scheme. Contributions are to be borne by both the employer and the employee. The basis for calculating the contributions is the monthly salary as stipulated in the labour contract (capped at 20 times common minimum wage for SI / HI and 20 times minimum regional wage for UI). Compulsory unemployment insurance only applies to enterprises with 10 or more employees. Foreigners with a local employment contract only have to pay contributions to the health insurance. They do not have to pay towards the social and the unemployment insurance. An employer is obliged to withhold the employee’s portion of the insurance contribution from the salary of the employee and transfer the amount together with the employer’s portion to the insurance carrier. The contribution rate to trade union funds is set at 2 % of the salary fund for Social Insurance contributions for employees. This fee must be paid into Trade Union funds once per month. Employee Employer Foreign Employee Social insurance 8% 17.5 % 8% Health insurance 1.5 % 3% 1.5 % Unemployment insurance 1% 1% - Union Fee - 2% - Total 10.5 % 23.5 % 9.5 % 22 9. Penalties 9.1. WORK PERMIT VIOLATIONS Penalties for employers for failure to apply for work permits and/or exemption thereof is a fine of up to 150 million VND (7.000 US-Dollar) or deportation. There is also a possible suspension of the employer‘s operation for a period of one to 3 months in serious cases. 9.2. PENALTIES FOR EMPLOYERS FOR VIOLATIONS IN TRADE UNION CONTRIBUTIONS Failure to fully contribute trade union fees or to do so in a timely manner: fine of from 24 % to 30 % of the total union fees due (capped at 150 million VND 7.000 US-Dollar) and interest for late payment. Failure to contribute trade union fees for all employees: fine from 36 % to 40 % of the total union fees due (capped at 150 million VND 7.000 US-Dollar) and interest for late payment. 23 About us As attorneys, tax advisers, management and IT consultants and auditors, we are present with 111 own offices in 51 countries. Worldwide, our clients trust our 4,700 colleagues. The history of Rödl & Partner goes back to its foundation as a solo practice in 1977 in Nuremberg. Our aspiration to be on hand wherever our internationally-active clients are led to the establishment of our first, own offices, commencing with Central and Eastern Europe in 1989. Alongside market entry in Asia in 1994, the opening of offices in further strategic locations followed, in Western and Northern Europe in 1998, USA in 2000, South America in 2005 and Africa in 2008. Our success has always been based on the success of our German clients: Rödl & Partner is always there where its clients see the potential for their business engagement. Rather than create an artificial network of franchises or affiliates, we have chosen to set up our own offices and rely on close, multidisciplinary and cross-border collaboration among our colleagues. As a result, Rödl & Partner stands for international expertise from a single source. Our conviction is driven by our entrepreneurial spirit that we share with many, but especially German family-owned companies. They appreciate personal service and value an advisor they see eye to eye with. Our ‘one face to the client’ approach sets us apart from the rest. Our clients have a designated contact person who ensures that the complete range of Rödl & Partner services is optimally employed to the client’s benefit. The ‘caretaker’ is always close at hand; they identify the client’s needs and points to be resolved. The ‘caretaker’ is naturally also the main contact person in critical situations. We also stand out through our corporate philosophy and client care, which is based on mutual trust and long-term orientation. We rely on renowned specialists who think in an interdisciplinary manner, since the needs and projects of our clients cannot be separated into individual professional disciplines. Our one-stop-shop concept is based on a balance of expertise across the individual service lines, combining them seamlessly in multidisciplinary teams. 24 WHAT SETS US APART Rödl & Partner is not a collection of accountants, auditors, attorneys, management and tax consultants working in parallel. We work together, closely interlinked across all service lines. We think from a market perspective, from a client’s perspective, where a project team possesses all the capabilities to be successful and to realise the client’s goals. Our interdisciplinary approach is not unique, nor is our global reach or our particularly strong presence among family businesses. It is the combination that cannot be found anywhere else – a firm that is devoted to comprehensively supporting German businesses, wherever in the world they might be. 25 Contact HO-CHI-MINH-CITY Stefan Ewers 20th Floor, CJ Tower 6 Le Thanh Ton Street, District 1 Ho-Chi-Minh-City T M E + 84 28 7307 2788 +84 9 3894 9451 stefan.ewers@roedl.com HANOI Jan-Volkert Schmitz 9/F, Daeha Business Center 360 Kim Ma, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi T M E +84 24 7300 0077 +84 8 6610 3104 jan-volkert.schmitz@roedl.com 26 27 Visit us! www.roedl.com