alcohols
R-OH
Methanol
Ehanol
Aliphatic
Glycerol
Benzyl
alcohol
Aromatic
Physical property
methanol
state
True liquid
mobily
ethanol
True liquid
mobily
glycerol
True liquid
viscous
Benzyl alc.
True liquid oily
color
colorless
odour
alcoholic
Odourless Bitter almond
Ignition test:
methanol
inflammability
luminous
smoky
Apperance
change
Color change
Odor change
residue
ethanol
glecerol
inflammable
Non luminous
No smoky
volatilization
No change
No change
No residue
Benzyl alc.
luminous
smoky
Miscibility:
 Methanol, ethanol and glycerol* miscible in H2O.
They do not give any result with red and blue litmus
paper
neutral
 Benzyl alcohols immiscible in H2O , dil Hcl and
30% NaOH
neutral
:
 soda lime : not done (why)?.
 30%NaOH : no reaction.
 Fecl3 : no reaction.
 Conc. H2SO4* : no reaction with all except benzyl alc.
Benzyl alc+ 4 dps Conc. H2SO4 (on wall)
gelatinous ppt.
dirty white
General test
Oxidation test:
What is
this?
Oxidizing
agent
K2Cr2O7 + dil H2SO4 +pumic stone +alcohols
(distillate in beaker)
ROH
reflux
distillation
How to
confirm?
why
RCHO
RCOOH
equations
acids
Specific test
tests
mehanol
ethanol
Iodoform test:
meth. Or eth. +10%
NaOH+ xss I2
No yellow ppt.
Yellow ppt
Wait and warm
Esterfication test:
(meth.+ salic. Or eth.+
acetic. ) +Conc.
H2SO4→pour it after
heat into beaker
contain water
Oil of winter green
(vicks odor) with
white ppt.(methyl
salicylate)
Bad apple odor
(ribe apple) ethyl
acetate)
Heat until
fussion
Pink
color
Borax powder dissolve in water +phenol phthaline (ph.ph)
+glycerol→ disappear pink color
Dirty white gelatinous ppt.
IR
O-H Broad
streching band at
3500-3200 cm-1
C-H aromatic
above
3000cm-1
C-H aliphatic
below
3000cm-1