1
Chapter
1 Learn About
Chapter
LearnChildren
About Children
Contents
 Section 1.1 Make a Difference in
Children’s Lives
 Section 1.2 Studying Children
 Section 1.3 Observing Young Children
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Section 1.1 Make a Difference in
Children’s Lives
• Caregivers use their skills and knowledge
to interact with children.
• Caregivers can make a positive difference
in a child’s life.
• Childhood is viewed differently today than
in past years.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Benefits of Studying Children
• Understand why children do what they do.
• Taking care of children is one of the most
important responsibilities you can have.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Benefits of Studying Children
• Learn job skills by working with children.
• Better understand yourself by evaluating your
own childhood.
How do you think learning about
children can help you understand
yourself?
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Views of Childhood
• Childhood is known to be:
• a period of rapid development
• a time of dependence on caregivers
• preparation for adult life
caregiver
A person who takes care of a
child.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Views of Childhood
• Childhood has changed
over time in the areas of:
• health
• education
• work
• play
• dress
• Children learn through
play. (Read pg. 10-11)
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Predict• How do you think our lives would be different if
everyone had to pay for their education?
• What families would be affected the most?
• What might be the effect on the children in these
families?
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Section 1.2 Studying Children
• Childhood is an important time of physical,
mental, and emotional development.
• A child’s heredity and environment affect
development.
• Development continues throughout the life
cycle.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Influences on development
Think about the wordsHeredity
Environment
Define each word.
What do you think has the greater influence on a
child’s development?
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Importance of Childhood Development
• Childhood prepares us for adulthood.
• Babies receiving stimulation develop more
quickly and have a more secure self-image.
stimulation
Any activity that arouses a baby’s
sense of sight, sound, touch, taste,
and smell.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Importance of Childhood Development
•
•
•
Development is similar for each individual.
Development builds upon earlier learning and
proceeds at an individual rate.
Development continues throughout life.
•
Different areas of development are interrelated.
Heredity biological transfer of certain characteristics
from earlier generations. Blood type, eye color and
hair color for example.
Environment people, place and things that surround
and influence a person, including family, home,
school, and community.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Importance of Childhood Development
• Heredity and environment influence a child’s
development.
• Self-esteem affects the ability to handle
challenges.
heredity
self-esteem
The biological transfer of certain
characteristics from earlier
generations.
Self-worth; the value people
place on themselves.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Read through chart on page 15, together as a class.
HUMAN LIFE CYCLE- A SET OF STAGES OF HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT THAT EACH PRESENT CHALLENGES TO BE
MET OR SKILLS TO BE ACQUIRED.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Stages of Life After
Childhood
•
•
•
•
•
•
Adolescence (13-19 yrs)
young adulthood (20-29 yrs)
the thirties (30-39 yrs)
middle age (40-55 yrs)
late adulthood (55-75 yrs)
very late adulthood (beyond 75)
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Section 1.3 Observing Young Children
• An important component in learning
and understanding child development
is observation.
• Observation allows caregivers to better
understand individual children and their
particular needs.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Why Observe Children?
• We learn more by observing than by reading.
• Observing allows you to see personalities.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
How to Observe Young Children
• Separate fact from opinion.
• Observations can be subjective or objective.
subjective
objective
To rely on personal opinions and
feelings, rather than facts, to
judge an event.
Something is factual, and leaves
aside personal feelings and
prejudices.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
How to Observe Young Children
• Observation records should include:
• date
• time
• number of children
and adults present
• names and ages of
all present
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
How to Observe Young Children
• Choose the correct type of observation record.
• Avoid interacting with the children unless
necessary.
• Keep observations
and interpretations
confidential.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
How to Observe Young Children
Explain each of the following actions.
Action
Explanation
Know your purpose.
Before you begin, define the purpose of your observation.
What are you supposed to observe?
Identify the when,
where, who, and what.
Note the physical features of the setting. Who is there? What
activities are going on? Record the time and place.
Be descriptive.
Use words and phrases to capture the moment. Give a picture
of what you see.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
How to Observe Young Children
Explain each of the following actions.
Action
Explanation
Make comparisons.
Look for similarities and differences.
Uncover the data.
Record factual information, focus on the evidence at hand.
Review and clarify.
At the end, read through your comments, make clarifications
or corrections, and add any additional notes.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Chapter Summary
Section 1.1
Make a Difference in Children’s Lives
• By studying children, you can
• learn why they act the way they do.
• discover why caregivers are an important
influence.
• enjoy children more.
• Attitudes and practices have changed due to
research.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Chapter Summary
Section 1.2
Studying Children
• Experiences in the first years of life promote rapid
brain development.
• Heredity and environment both impact
development.
• Self-esteem influences a person’s ability to face
life’s challenges.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Chapter Summary
Section 1.3
Observing Young Children
• Learn things by observing that you cannot learn
from a book.
• There are four types of observation methods.
• Observations should be conducted carefully and
kept confidential.
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
Review
Do you remember the vocabulary terms from this
chapter? Use the following slides to check your
knowledge of the definitions.
The slides in this section include both English
and Spanish terms and definitions.
Start
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
typical behavior
comportamiento típico
A way of acting or
responding that is
common at each
stage of childhood.
Una manera de actuar
o responder que es
común en cada etapa
de la infancia.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
caregiver
persona a cargo
del ciudado
A person who takes
care of a child.
Persona que se
encarga de un niño.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
stimulation
estimulación
Any activity that
arouses a baby’s
sense of sight, sound,
touch, taste, and
smell.
Una actividad que
despierta el sentido
de la vista, el oído, el
olfato y el tacto en el
bebé.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
heredity
herencia
The biological transfer
of certain
characteristics from
earlier generations.
La transferencia
biológica de
características de
generaciones
anteriores.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
environment
The people, places,
and things that
surround and
influence a person,
including family,
home, school, and
community.
entorno
Las personas, lugares
y cosas que rodean e
influyen a una
persona, como la
familia, la escuela, la
comunidad.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
self-esteem
autoestima
Self-worth; the value
people place on
themselves.
Autovaloración, el
valor que las
personas se dan a sí
mismas.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
human life cycle
ciclo de vida humano
A set of stages of
human development
that each present
different challenges to
be met or skills to be
acquired.
Serie de etapas en el
desarrollo humano;
cada una presenta
retos por alcanzar y
habilidades por
adquirir.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
developmental task
escala de desarrollo
The challenge to be
met or skill to be
acquired in each
stage of the human
life cycle.
Reto por alcanzar o
habilidad que se debe
tener en cada una de
las etapas del ciclo de
vida humano.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
subjective
subjetivo
To rely on personal
opinions and feelings,
rather than facts, to
judge an event.
Basarse en opiniones
y sentimientos
personales, en vez
de en hechos, para
juzgar un suceso.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
objective
objetivo
Something is factual,
and leaves aside
personal feelings and
prejudices.
Algo que se basa en
hechos, y hace caso
omiso de sentimientos
personales y
prejuicios.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
running record
registro continuo
A record of everything
observed for a set
period, such as
15 minutes.
El registro de todo lo
observado por un
periodo de tiempo,
como 15 minutos.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
anecdotal record
anecdotario/récord
A report of a child’s
actions that
concentrates on a
specific behavior or
area of development.
Reporte de la
actividad de un
niño que se enfoca
en ciertos
comportamientos y
áreas de desarrollo.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
frequency count
conteos de frecuencia
A tally of how often
a certain behavior
occurs.
Cuenta de la
frecuencia en la
que ocurre un
comportamiento
específico
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
baseline
(comportamiento) base
A count made before
any steps are taken
to try to change a
behavior.
Medición que se
realiza antes de tomar
medidas para cambiar
un comportamiento.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
developmental
checklist
lista de indicadores
de desarrollo
A list of skills children
should master, or
behaviors they should
exhibit, at a certain
age.
Lista de habilidades o
comportamientos que
un niño debería tener
o dominar a cierta
edad.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
interpretation
interpretación
The analysis an
observer forms and
expresses about what
was observed.
El análisis que alguien
se forma y expresa
sobre algo que ha
observado.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
confidentiality
confidencialidad
The protection of
another person’s
privacy by limiting
access to personal
information.
Protección de la
privacidad de alguien
al limitar acceso a
información personal.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
impact
impacto
A significant effect.
Efecto significativo.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
moral
moral
Ethical; relating to
issues of right and
wrong.
Ético; se refiere a lo
correcto y lo
incorrecto.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
theory
teoría
A belief; an abstract
thought or idea.
Creencia; un
pensamiento o idea
abstracto.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
sequence
secuencia
An order of steps.
Orden de pasos.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
assumption
suposición
A fact that is taken for
granted.
Algo que se da por
hecho.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
judgment
juicio
An opinion.
Opinión.
Show Definition
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Chapter 1 Learn About Children
End of
Chapter 1
Learn About
Children
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