Name
Comprehension
Section 1.2
Date
Use with textbook pages 16–27.
What is the matter?
Show what you know about states of matter.
1. Complete the following table by describing the three states of matter.
The table has been partially completed to help guide you.
state of matter
shape
fixed shape
volume
fixed volume
spaces between
particles
movement of
particles
particles are far apart
(lots of space between
particles)
particles can only vibrate
2. Which row of the table below correctly describes a solid, a liquid, and a gas?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
A.
has definite shape and volume
has definite volume and takes the
shape of the container
shape and volume are determined
by its surroundings
B.
shape and volume are determined
by its surroundings
has definite volume and takes the
shape of the container
has definite shape and volume
C.
shape and volume are determined
by its surroundings
has definite shape and volume
has definite volume and takes the
shape of the container
D.
has definite shape and volume
has definite shape and volume
has definite volume and takes the
shape of the container
10
MHR • Section 1. 2
Investigating Matter
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Name
Cloze
Activity
Section 1.2
Date
Use with textbook pages 16–27.
Matter all around us
Vocabulary
boiling point
change of state
conductivity
density
elements
gas
heat
kinetic
liquid
mass
matter
melting point
movement
particles
properties
solid
states
volume
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. Use each term only once. You
will not need to use every term.
1.
is anything that has mass and volume. According to
the kinetic molecular theory, all matter is made of very small
that are constantly moving.
2.
is the amount of matter in an object. The amount
of space an object occupies is its
. The ratio of a
material’s mass to its volume is its
.
3. There are three
these can change when
of matter: solid, liquid and gas. Each of
is added or removed.
4. The temperature at which ice turns to water is the
The temperature at which water turns to water vapour is the
5.
.
.
describes how easily electricity or heat can move
through a material.
6.
energy is the energy of movement.
7. Particles of a
are packed so tightly together that they
can only vibrate in place. Particles of a
are farther
apart and can slide past each other. Particles of a
are
very far apart and move around freely and quickly.
8. The kinetic molecular theory describes what happens to the particles of matter during
a
.
9. Oxygen and gold are examples of
broken down or separated into simpler substances.
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Section 1.2
, which cannot be
Investigating Matter • MHR
11
Name
Analyzing
Information
Section 1.2
Date
Use with textbook pages 19–20.
Changes of state in gold
Use the graph to help you answer the questions that follow.
Temperature
I
gaseous gold
IV
II
liquid gold
III
solid gold
Energy
1. What do points I, II, III, and IV on the graph shown above represent?
2. What is removed from gaseous gold to cause it to change to a liquid?
3. What change of state occurs at point I on the graph?
4. What change of state occurs at point II on the graph?
5. What is added to solid gold to cause it to change to a liquid?
6. What happens to the temperature as solid gold turns to a liquid?
7. Describe the change in the kinetic energy as the temperature increases.
8. Describe the change in the arrangement of the gold particles as heat energy is added.
12
MHR • Section 1. 2
Investigating Matter
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Name
Assessment
Section 1.2
Date
Use with textbook pages 16–27.
C. II and III only
Investigating matter
D. I, II, and III
Match each Term on the left with the best
Descriptor on the right. Each Descriptor may be
used only once.
Term
Descriptor
1.
volume
2.
density
3.
state
4.
conductivity
5.
element
A. amount of mass in a
certain volume of a
substance
B. amount of matter in a
substance or an object
C. cannot be broken down
into simpler substances
D. amount of space that
a substance or object
takes up
E. measure of how easily
electricity or heat can
pass through
F. can be solid, liquid,
or gas
Circle the letter of the best answer.
6. Which of the following describes mass?
A. state of matter
B. anything with mass and volume
C. amount of matter in an object
D. amount of space that an object occupies
7. Which of the following are the main points
of the kinetic molecular theory?
8. Which of the following describes what
happens when heat is added to a substance?
A. Particles lose kinetic energy and vibrate
faster.
B. Particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate
faster.
C. Particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate
slower.
D. Particles lose kinetic energy and vibrate
slower.
9. Which of the following changes of state
require the removal of heat?
I.
melting
II.
boiling
A. I only
B. II only
C. both I and II
D. neither I nor II
10. Which of the following is the temperature
at which a solid changes into a liquid?
A. boiling point
B. melting point
C. both A and B
D. neither A nor B
11. Which of the following is the temperature
at which a liquid changes into a gas?
I.
Particles are constantly moving.
II.
All matter is made up of very small particles.
A. boiling point
III.
There are empty spaces between particles in
a substance.
B. melting point
A. I and II only
C. both A and B
D. neither A nor B
B. I and III only
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Section 1.2
Investigating Matter • MHR
13
Name
Vocabulary
Section 1.3
Date
Use with textbook pages 28–33.
Atomic structure
1. Use the vocabulary terms that follow to label the parts of an atom. Place the correct term
on the line next to each part of the atom. You will not need to use all the terms.
●
●
●
atom
proton
nucleus
●
●
●
neutron
electron
shell
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
2. Complete the following table describing the three subatomic particles.
Proton
Neutron
Electron
electric charge
location in the atom
16
MHR • Section 1. 3
Atomic Theory
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Name
Cloze
Activity
Section 1.3
Date
Use with textbook pages 28–33.
The atom
Vocabulary
neutrons
positive
protons
shells
subatomic particles
Rutherford
Thomson
Bohr
Dalton
electrons
energy
mass
negative
neutral
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. You can use each term more
than once. You will not need to use every term.
1.
suggested that matter is made up of atoms.
2.
proposed that atoms contain negatively charged
.
particles later called
3.
discovered the nucleus and its subatomic
particles. He suggested that the nucleus was made up of positively charged
particles called
and particles with no charge called
.
4.
proposed that electrons are located in
around the nucleus.
5. Electrons have different amounts of
and forth between the energy levels.
and can jump back
6. All atoms are made up of three
neutrons.
7. Protons have a
: protons, electrons, and
charge, electrons have a
charge, and
have no
electric charge.
8.
and
cluster together to
form the nucleus of an atom.
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Section 1.3
Atomic Theory • MHR
17
Name
Date
Comprehension
Section 1.3
Use with textbook pages 28–33.
Contributions to atomic theory
Scientist
Bohr
Dalton
Rutherford
Thomson
Match each scientist to the statements describing his contribution to the atomic theory.
Identify who was the first to propose these ideas. Each scientist may be used more than
once.
1. Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into smaller particles.
2. Electrons occupy specific energy levels or shells.
3. Most of the mass of the atom is in the tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus.
4. Most of the atom is empty space.
5. All matter is made of small particles called atoms.
6. All atoms of the same element are identical.
7. Atoms contain negatively charged particles.
8. The nucleus contains positively charged particles called protons and particles with no
electric charge called neutrons.
9. Different elements combine together to form compounds.
10. Electrons move around a central nucleus.
18
MHR • Section 1. 3
Atomic Theory
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Name
Assessment
Section 1.3
Date
Use with textbook pages 28–33.
Atomic theory
Use the following diagram of an atom to
answer questions 8 and 9.
I
Match each Descriptor on the left with the
corresponding Scientist on the right. Each
Scientist may be used more than once.
Descriptor
Scientist
1.
A. Bohr
B. Dalton
C. Rutherford
D. Thomson
discovered the
nucleus
2.
suggested that
all matter is made of
atoms
3.
proposed the
“raisin bun” model of
the atom
4.
observed
streams of negatively
charged particles in gas
discharge tubes
5.
proposed that
electrons exist in energy
levels
Circle the letter of the best answer.
6. Which of the following was not part of
Dalton’s atomic theory?
A. All matter is made of small particles
called atoms.
II
III
8. Which of the following is the structure
labelled II in the diagram?
A. atom
B. proton
C. neutron
D. electron
9. Which of the following exists in energy
levels?
A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. II and III only
10. What is the electrical charge of the nucleus
of an atom?
A. neutral charge
B. Atoms can be created or destroyed.
B. positive charge
C. Atoms of the same element are identical.
C. negative charge
D. Atoms of one element are different from
the atoms of other elements.
D. It depends on the element
7. Which of the following was not part of
Rutherford’s atomic theory?
A. Most of the mass of the atom is
concentrated in electrons.
11. The nucleus of the atom contains which
of the following subatomic particles?
A. electron
B. proton and neutron
B. Most of the atom is empty space.
C. proton and electron
C. The nucleus is the tiny, dense, central
core of the atom.
D. proton, neutron, and electron
D. The nucleus contains protons and
neutrons.
© 2007 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Section 1.3
Atomic Theory • MHR
19