RURAL HOUSING POLICIES
ASSAM
Presented by:
Pallabi Banerjee
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
01
02
03
INTRODUCTION :
ASSAM
RURAL HOUSING
POLICIES IN ASSAM
URBAN HOUSING
POLICIES IN ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural Housing
A. Housing policies in
Assam
B. Indira Awas Yojana
A. PMAY-URBAN
B. Assam Urban
C. PMAY – Gramin
affordable
D. MNREGA
housing policy
E. NRUM
F. AAJEEVIKA- NRLM
C. State level
schemes.
schemes in India
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
01
INTRODUCTION : ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors influencing
the Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural Housing
Schemes in India
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
01
Showcasing the cultural highlights of Assam
INTRODUCTION : ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes
in India
D. Rural Housing
Schemes in India
Source: The better India portal
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
About Assam:
Assam, the gateway to the North East India is
Assam: Land of Red
Rivers and Blue Hills
the largest State in the North East is bordering
A. THE TALE OF ASSAM
seven states . For administrative and revenue
purpose state has 33 districts.
Facts:
01
Geographical area- 78,438 sq.km.
Assam : Major divisions (districts:33)
Rural area out of total area – 98.4%
Major river – Brahmaputra
Districts (2016) – 33, Sub Divisions - 80
Villages – 26,395, Towns – 214
Households – 64,06,471
Total Population ( as of census 2011) – 3,12,05,576
Rural Population- 2,68,07,034 (85.9%)
Urban Population- 43,98,542 (14%)
UPPER ASSAM
LOWER ASSAM
NORTH ASSAM
CENTRAL ASSAM
BARRACK VALLEY
DIVISION
Population density (per sq.km)- 398
Source : Census 2011
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
Assam
contains
three physiographic divisions (out
About
Assam:
of the six in India)The Northern Himalayas (Eastern Hills), The Northern
THE BUILT
B. FACTORS
TALE OF ASSAM
A. THEINFLUENCING
FORM
Plains (Brahmaputra plain) and Deccan Plateau
01
01
(Karbi Anglong).
Plains in the 20-120 meter elevation on range
occupy most of the upper and lower Assam valley ,
covering almost 72% of the state’s total area and
constituting the most FLOOD PRONE regions of
Assam.
Source : BMTPC portal
Areas liable to flood in Assam
Also, along with being prone to flood, Assam is highly
susceptible to EARTHQUAKE.
The northeastern part of India is one of the most seismically
active regions in the world; three great earthquakes and
several big earthquakes have struck this and adjoining
regions since 1897.
Local people developed a unique construction methodology
using locally available materials to construct their dwellings
that are highly earthquake resistant. Such houses are
commonly known as Assam-type houses or IKRA.
Source : BMTPC portal
Assam lies in Zone V – Very High
Damage Risk Zone : Earthquake
Typical built form of Assam
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
Village Housing Program under Community Development Movement
Village housing projects scheme was provided for assistance to villagers, for
construction or improvement of houses till the 4thFiveYearPlan.
1980’s
SCHEMFES IN INDIA
B. THE TALE OF ASSAM
HOUSING
OF RURAL
EVOLUTION
FORM
THE BUILT
INFLUENCING
B.C.FACTORS
1957
01
01
01
1989
Housing under National Rural Employment Programme (1980) and Rural
Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (1983)
During the Sixth Five Year Plan, Housing construction for poor families was
being taken up under the National Rural Employment Programme
IAY as a sub scheme under Jawahar Rozgar Yojana
The 8th Five Year Plan had an approach to rural housing which lead to setting up
of truly integrated micro habitats and address this scheme
1996
Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) made an independent scheme
IAY was de linked from JRY and made an independent scheme with effect from
1st January 1996.
2015
IAY restructured into Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana –Gramin(PMAY-G)
A similar scheme, with some modifications for both Urban and Rural poor was
launched in 2015, with mission to provide housing for all.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
TALE OF
B. THE
BUILT FORM
THEASSAM
INFLUENCING
C. FACTORS
SCHEMES OF
POLICIES &SCHEMES
TO HOUSING
C.D.INTRO
INDIA
IN ASSAM
RURAL
Schemes &
Programs
01
01
01
01
Objectives
Schemes &
Programs
Objectives
Water
Conservation
Stories
Improving the productivity of land and increasing water
availability.
Diksha (Training It is a platform that offers teachers, students and parents
engaging learning material related to the prescribed
Portal)
school curriculum.
Gram Swaraj
Abhiyan
Empowering Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) for
attaining Sustainable Development Goals
SAGY
The development of model villages and creating models
of local development which can be reproduced in other
villages.
DDUGKY
This program has been launched with dual aims of
adding diversity to the incomes of rural poor families and
provide to the career goals of rural youths.
DISHA
For effective development coordination of almost all the
Central Government’s programs, whether it is for
infrastructure development or Social and human resource
development.
Sabki Yojna
Sabka Vikas
This scheme has been initiated for improving the levels of
cleanliness in rural areas through solid and liquid waste
management activities.
SwachhGram
This scheme has been initiated for improving the levels of
cleanliness in rural areas through solid and liquid waste
management activities.
DAY-NRLM
It aims at offering effective and efficient institutional
platforms to empower the rural poor to increase their
household income by means of sustainable living
improvements and better access to financial services.
MGNREGA
It is Indian labor law and social security measures that aim
to guarantee the “right to work”.
Mission
Antyodaya
It is a convergence and accountability structure
intending to bring maximum use and management of
resources allotted by 27 Ministries/ Department of the
Government of India under various programs for the
development of rural areas.
PMAY-G
To improve the convenience and affordability of
housing for rural India
PMGSY
It is a nationwide plan to give good all-weather road
connectivity to unconnected villages.
NSAP
It gives financial support to the old aged, widows and
persons with disabilities in the form of social pensions.
To deliver multicultural project-based infrastructure in
RURBAN (NRuM) rural areas, which will also include the development of
economic activities and skill development.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
01
INTRODUCTION :
ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural housing
schemes in India
01
INTRODUCTION :
ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural housing
schemes in India
02
RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES
OF CENTRAL :ASSAM
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Housing policies in Assam
Indira Awas Yojana
PMAY – Gramin
MNREGA
NRuM
AAJEEVIKA
01
02
INTRODUCTION :
ASSAM
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
POLICIES OF CENTRAL :ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural housing
schemes in India
A. Housing policies in
Assam
B. Indira Awas Yojana
C. PMAY – Gramin
D. MNREGA
E. NRuM
F. AAJEEVIKA
A. HOUSING POLICIES: ASSAM
HOUSING POLICIES IN ASSAM
Central Government Schemes
RURAL
02
State Government Schemes
URBAN
RURAL
PMAY-U
IAY
PMAY-G
MNREGA
NRUM
AAJEEVIKA
URBAN
Assam State housing
board schemes
Janata housing
schemes
Apun Ghar loan
schemes
Rental housing
schemes
HUDCO finance for
composite schemes
URBAN
AFFORDABLE
HOUSING
POLICY
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
IAY : OVERVIEW
IAY, otherwise known as Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas
Yojana (PMGAY) or IAY Gramin, was a sub-scheme of the Rural
Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) and a social
1985.
Source : MoRD IAY report)
KEY FEATURES:
Ownership: Any home constructed under IAY was under joint ownership
of both husband and wife, with exception of the unmarried, divorced, and
02
widows.
Construction: Under this scheme, the construction was to be carried
out by the beneficiary only.
Construction standards: As per the objectives of this initiative, ecofriendly and sustainable modes of building houses were to be
promoted.
Fund allocation: Under this scheme, funds were released in instalments.
STATES
FUND PATTERN
CENTRAL
SHARE
STATE SHARE
GENERAL
75%
25%
NORTH
EASTERN
STATES
90%
10%
U.T
100%
•
•
•
•
•
•
IAY beneficiary can avail loan
upto Rs. 20000 per housing
unit, with interest rate of 4 %
per annum.
•
Disabled or handicapped
citizens
Ex-service personnel
Citizens under the
Scheduled Caste and
Scheduled Tribe categories
Free bonded labourers
Widows
Next of kin of defence or
parliamentary personnel
killed in action
Citizens in the marginalised
sector of society
•The first instalment comprised of 25% of the total unit cost and was
provided on the Awaas Divas with the sanction order.
•The second instalment was paid after the first stage of construction was
complete, reaching the lintel level, and comprised of 60% of the total cost.
Source : MoRD IAY report)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
TARGET GROUP’S ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
B. INDIRA AWAS YOJANA
welfare programme that was first launched by Rajiv Gandhi in
IAY: ASSAM PROFILE
MoRD Target
Target fixed by
States
Registered
GEO Tagged Out Of
Registered
Sanctions Out of
GEO Tagged
Sanctions with
verified
Accounts
Completed
ASSAM
7,96,380
6,17,253
7,60,729
5,82,979
5,76,640
2,73,989
5,34,814
INDIA
13384556
12583367
13331908
11674525
11610438
4261108
8906399
PERCENTAGE
5.95%
4.91%
5.71%
4.99%
4.97%
6.43%
6.00%
Source : Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Gramin Portal
FINANCIAL PROGRESS
273989
02
534814
576640
582979
617253
760729
DATA FROM 2010-2016
796380
B. INDIRA AWAS YOJANA
PHYSICAL PROGRESS REPORT (2010-2016)
MORD
TARGET
TARGET
FIXED BY
STATES
REGISTERED
GEO
SANCTIONS SANCTIONS COMPLETED
TAGGED
OUT OF GEO
WITH
OUT OF
TAGGED
VERIFIED
REGISTERED
ACCOUNTS
FUND
ALLOCATED
FUND
RELEASED
FUND
AVAILABLE
FUND UTILISED
ASSAM
5,24,933.767
19,45,69.78
5,38,707.8
2.56.984.9
INDIA
79,31,638.9
PERCENTAGE
6.6%
DATA FROM 2010-2016
INFERENCE
Though the target
set by state was
617253, out of
which 86.6% was
completed
29,97,333.747 1.90.87.008.014 55.68.474.154
6.49%
0.0028%
4.61%
Source : Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Gramin Portal
ASSAM
FUNDS
CENTRAL SHARE
STATE SHARE
TOTAL FUND
4,72,441.29
52,493.48
5,24,933.77
90%
10%
CENTRAL
SHARE
STATE
SHARE
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: OVERVIEW
02
02
02
PMAY-GRAMIN, is a housing scheme
housing issues of families belonging to the bottom rung of
introduced by the Indian Government in 2015. This
rural areas as part of its ‘Housing for All’ objective.
initiative was taken to provide affordable housing to
the urban poor by 31st March 2022.
KEY FEATURES.
- 2.95 CRORE PUCCA HOUSES BY 2022
- HOUSES SIZE INCREASED FROM 2O SQ.M TO 25 SQ.M
- UNIT ASSISTANCE INCREASED FROM 70,000 TO
1,25,000
•Households headed by females that have no males
within the age group of 16 – 59.
- EVERY HOUSE WILL HAVE A TOILET.
•Families with no literate individuals above 25 years of
age.
UNIT ASSISTANCE
STATES
AMOUNT/UNIT
•Families with no adult member within 16 – 59 years of
CENTRAL SHARE:
STATE SHARE
age.
•Households that have no able-bodied individuals
PLAIN LAND
HILLY AREAS (NORTH
EASTERN)
1.2 LAKH
1.3 LAKH
60-40
90-10
above 18 years of age with a disabled family member.
•Landless families with casual laboring as their primary
source of income.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PROCESS OF IDENTIFICATION OF BENEFICIARIES
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin aims to alleviate
PMAY-G: ASSAM PROFILE
INDIA
(PMAY-G)
TOTAL TARGET
2016-2021
2.95 CRORE
TOTAL
SANCTIONED
COMPLETED
INCOMPLETE
1,53,22,778.00 1,06,23,274.00 46,99,504.00
DATA compiled of 2016-2021
2021 is in progress
5,15,857
TOTAL BENEFICIARIES REGISTERED
4,82,189
TOTAL GEO TAGGED
TOTAL HOUSE SANCTIONED
(80.9%)
4,37,118
TOTAL HOUSE COMPLETED
(66.9%)
(PER UNIT- FUND)
TOTAL FUND RELEASED
TOTAL FUND UTILISED
TOTAL HOUSE
SANCTIONED
4,17,429
2,79,602
TOTAL TARGET
PMAY -GRAMIN(FUND ALLOCATION) :
ASSAM (2016-2021)
TOTAL FUND
ALLOCATION
TOTAL GEO
TAGGED
279602
TOTAL TARGET SET BY STATE
417429
8,81,833
482189
TOTAL TARGET SET BY MoRD -
PMAY-GRAMIN :ASSAM
437118
02
02
02
PMAY -GRAMIN : ASSAM (2016-2021)
881833
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
Source : Ministry of Rural Development Portal
TOTAL
BENEFICIARIES
REGISTERED
TOTAL HOUSE
COMPLETED
FINANCIAL PROGRESS
YET TO BE RELEASED/UTILISED
RELEASED/UTILISED
1,15,98,93,08,800.00
1,31,532.06
49 220 856 800
46,50,63,39,100.00
49,22,08,56,800.00
Source : Ministry of Rural Development Portal
66 768 452 000
46 506 339 100
2 714 517 700
TOTAL FUND ALLOCATED
TOTAL FUND RELEASED
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: ASSAM PROFILE- PHASE I
STATE
PHASE
PHASE I
(2016-2019)
PERCENTAGE
PHASE II
(2019-2021)
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
ASSAM
02
02
02
ASSAM
TARGET
SANCTIONED
COMPLETED
SUPPLY GAP
CENTRAL
SHARE
STATE SHARE
TOTAL
FUND
259814
236862.00
131171.00
128643.00
316141.55
35126.84
351268.39
91.17%
50.49%
49.51%
90%
10%
180567.00
68431.00
187612.00
727762.22
80862.47
70.52%
26.73%
73.27%
90%
256043
PERCENTAGE
808624.69
10.00%
Source : Ministry of Rural Development Portal
PHASE I
(2016-2019)
TOTAL TARGET
ASSAM
259814
236862.00
131171.00
105691.00
TOTAL (INDIA)
9996012
9811603
8894446
917157
PERCENTAGE
(OF ASSAM OUT
OF INDIA'S)
2.60%
2.41%
1.47%
11.52%
TOTAL
COMPLETED INCOMPLETE
SANCTIONED
Source : Ministry of Rural Development Portal
100%
91.17%
50.49%
TOTAL
TARGET
TOTAL
SANCTIONED
TOTAL
COMLETED
100%
90%
10%
PMAY-G:ASSAM-PHASE-I (2016-2019)
300000
259814
258067
250000
244409
236862
200000
131171
150000
100000
PHASE II
FUND
50000
0
TOTAL TARGET
TOTAL
BENEFICIARIES
REGISTERED
TOTAL GEO
TAGGED
TOTAL HOUSE TOTAL HOUSE
SANCTIONED COMPLETED
CENTRAL
SHARE
STATE SHARE
PHASE I : PMAY GRAMIN- ASSAM
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
PMAY-G: ASSAM PROFILE- PHASE II
02
02
02
STATE
PHASE
ASSAM
PHASE I
(2016-2019)
PERCENTAGE
PHASE II
(2019-2021)
ASSAM
TARGET
SANCTIONED
COMPLETED
SUPPLY GAP
CENTRAL
SHARE
STATE SHARE
TOTAL
FUND
259814
236862.00
131171.00
128643.00
316141.55
35126.84
351268.39
91.17%
50.49%
49.51%
90%
10%
180567.00
68431.00
187612.00
727762.22
80862.47
70.52%
26.73%
73.27%
90%
10.00%
256043
PERCENTAGE
Source : Ministry of Rural Development Portal
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Gramin Portal
PHASE II
(2019-2021)
TOTAL TARGET
ASSAM
(2019-2020)
256043
180567.00
64831.00
115736.00
TOTAL (INDIA)
12150000
5511175
1728828
3782347
PERCENTAGE
2.11%
3.28%
3.7%
3.1%
TOTAL
COMPLETED INCOMPLETE
SANCTIONED
Source : Ministry of Rural Development Portal
PMAY-G: ASSAM- PHASE II (2019-2020)
300000
808624.69
256043
250000
70.52%
26.73%
TOTAL
TARGET
TOTAL
SANCTIONED
TOTAL
COMPLETED
100%
90%
10%
224060
192694
200000
180567
150000
100000
68431
50000
0
TOTAL TARGET
100%
TOTAL
BENEFICIARIES
REGISTERED
TOTAL GEO
TAGGED
TOTAL HOUSE TOTAL HOUSE
SANCTIONED COMPLETED
PHASE II
FUND
CENTRAL
SHARE
STATE SHARE
PHASE II : PMAY GRAMIN- ASSAM
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: ASSAM TYPOLOGIES
PMAY- G HOUSING DESIGN TYPOLOGY
ZONE A: High vulnerability to floods- 50-75% flood hazard
area and likelihood of flood inundation for more than 24 hours
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
almost every year. Marigaon, Nalbari and Darang are most
02
02
02
vulnerable, Medium vulnerability to cyclonic storms, and mostly low
vulnerability to river bank erosion.
ZONE B: High vulnerability to floods- 50-75% flood hazard area
and likelihood of flood inundation for more than 24 hours almost
every year, Medium to high vulnerability to cyclonic storms,
Medium to high vulnerability to river bank erosion.
ZONE C: Low vulnerability to flooding and erosion, medium
to high vulnerability to cyclonic wind storms, High vulnerability
to landslides .This zone has the highest forest cover in the state, with
more than 3/4th of the zone covered with a mix of moist semievergreen, mixed deciduous and bamboo forests.
ZONE D: Majority of the zone has low to medium
vulnerability to flooding. Most areas in the zone face threat of
Source : Pahal report
severe floods once in about 10 years. High vulnerability to the
northern part of the zone to flash floods in rivers flowing from
The following three have been identified as the main criteria for
Bhutan.
design of PMAY-G houses for Assam and the state has been
ZONE E: Low vulnerability to floods – about 25% of the zone area
is vulnerable to floods with a frequency of about 1 or 2 floods in 10
years. High vulnerability to cyclonic wind storms due to
proximity to the Bay of Bengal.
divided in to five housing zones –
1. Vulnerability to natural hazards
2. Physiography and access to building materials
3. Cultural Compability.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: ASSAM TYPOLOGIES
Zone A
Zone B
The classification on Zones in Assam is
based on Vulnerability to natural
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
hazards :
• High vulnerability to floods- 50-75%
flood hazard area and likelihood of
flood inundation for more than 24 hours
almost
every year. Marigaon, Nalbari and
Darang are most vulnerable
02
02
02
• Medium vulnerability to cyclonic
storms
• Mostly low vulnerability to river bank
erosion
Zone A- typology (1.52 lakh/unit)
Zone C
The classification Zones in Assam is based
on Vulnerability to natural hazards:
The classification Zones in Assam is
• High vulnerability to floods- 50-75%
based
flood hazard area and likelihood of
on Vulnerability to natural hazards:
Flood inundation for more than 24 hours
• Low vulnerability to flooding and
almost every year.
erosion
• Medium to high vulnerability to cyclonic
• Medium to high vulnerability to
storms
cyclonic
• Medium to high vulnerability to river
wind storms
bank erosion. Housing in the river
• High vulnerability to landslides
island areas such as Majuli are highly
• This is a predominantly hilly zone
vulnerable to river bank erosion
which
• High incidence of post flood silt
includes the Mikir, Rangma and
deposition
North Cachar hills.
Zone B- typology (1.64 lakh/ unit)
Zone C- typology (1.52 lakh/unit)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: ASSAM TYPOLOGIES
Zone D
Zone E
The classification Zones in Assam is based on
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
Vulnerability to natural hazards:
02
02
02
• Majority of the zone has low to medium vulnerability to
flooding. Most areas in the zone face threat of severe
floods once in about 10 years
• High vulnerability to the northern part of the zone to
flyash floods in rivers
flowing from Bhutan
• High vulnerability to cyclonic wind storms with
windspeeds reaching above 50m/s in large parts of the
zone.
• High vulnerability to river bank erosion
and loss of land to erosion – this happens in Char areas
present in many parts of the zone includes districts of
Goalpara, Kamrup, Darrang, Bongaigaon, Barpeta,
The classification Zones in Assam is based on
Vulnerability to natural hazards
• Low vulnerability to floods – about 25% of
the zone area is vulnerable to floods with
a frequency of about 1 or 2 floods in 10
years.
• High vulnerability to cyclonic wind storms
due to proximity to the Bay of Bengal.
• Parts of Cachar hills and Karimganj fall in
this zone.
Resources Available
• Bricks are feasible option for major part
of this zone
• Negligible forest cover in this zone
Tinsukia.
Zone D- typology (1.52 lakh/unit)
Zone E- typology (1.54 lakh/unit)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: ASSAM CASE STUDIES
PMAY- G, CASE STUDIES: ASSAM
CASE STUDY 1: MAJULI, ASSAM
Falls in ZONE B of the classification
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
About location: Biggest river
island of the world
Main occupation:
Fishery, weaving, Farming
Typical built form : CHAAN
Every year house gets swiped by flood.
INITIAL HOUSE OF THE BENEFICIARY
02
02
02
PMAY- G HOUSE OF THE BENEFICIARY
Chaan consists of verandah at the
entrance, for guest entertainment,
room behind dis verandah and a
open to sky platform at rear side for
performing daily chores, of washing,
bathing etc.
About the beneficiary:
Name : Bushal Tanding,
Lived in Sikri gaon
Caste- SC
Occupation : collects log from river
and sales it
Initial house was made up of
bamboo mats ( not stable structure
to resist flood)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: ASSAM CASE STUDIES
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
PMAY- G, CASE STUDIES: ASSAM
CASE STUDY 2:
Falls in ZONE A of the
classification
Main occupation:
Farming, weaving
INITIAL HOUSE OF THE BENEFICIARY
02
02
02
PMAY- G HOUSE OF THE BENEFICIARY
Lady of the house formed group, to
earn money by making brooms out
of coconut leaves, after they shifted
in new house. They formed there own
Self Help Group
About the beneficiary:
Name : Lachchit Das
Lived in 10’/12’ house
(4 children ,aged mother and wife)
Caste- SC
Occupation : nothing as such
Also constructed house by
themselves (both husband and
wide),(MNREGA) and was
Paid for it separately.
Children: After completing 10th
examination, was been provided
with cycle by state government for
commuting.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-G: ASSAM CASE STUDIES
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
C. PMAY- GRAMIN
PMAY- G, CASE STUDIES: ASSAM
CASE STUDY 3: Dibrugarh, Assam
Falls in ZONE B of the classification
Main occupation:
Mainly fishing
Typical built form : CHAAN
INITIAL HOUSE OF THE BENEFICIARY
02
02
02
PMAY- G HOUSE OF THE BENEFICIARY
The stilt floor is being used very aptly
by ladies of the house, as their
handloom working space. They also
earn money out of it, by making
MEKHLA dress from it. It acts as
secondary source of income for them
About the beneficiary:
Name : Lachchit Das
Lived in Bulblua chapori
Caste- ST
Occupation : Went to South India in
search of work.
Now involved in fishing.
Received 1.3 lakh to construct the
house.
Initial house was made of rotten
wood and bamboo.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
MNREGA: OVERVIEW
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
“The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) aims at enhancing the livelihood security of the people in
rural areas by guaranteeing hundred days of wage employment in a financial year, to a rural household whose
members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.”
02
02
02
02
MNREGA-is the largest social security
Employment
generation
Reduction in rural
poverty, financial
inclusion of poor
Creation of
Sustainable
assets
scheme in the world guaranteeing 100
Asset creation
days of unskilled manual work to all rural
households in India.
The act was enacted on 25th August 2005
Increase in
Agricultural
wages
MNREGA
Reduction in
distressed
migration
Empowerment
of woman
as a National Employment Guarantee
Act.
-
The village community has the right to
choose works under 8 permissible
categories of works.
-
Wages are paid according to State
Minimum Wage rate notified under
Upliftment of
marginalised sectionsSCs and STs
Minimum Wages Act 1948. The current wage
rate is Rs.117/- for all unskilled work and Rs.
120/- for skilled labour.
ANALYSIS OF MNREGA
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
MNREGA: ASSAM PROFILE
EXPENDITURE IN
CRORE
HH PROVIDED
EMPLOYMENT
(IN LAKH)
MAN DAYS
GENERATED
(IN LAKHS)
AVG MAN
DAYS
HH COMPLETED
(100 DAYS)
2013-2014
700.46
12.62
299.17
23.7
15784
2014-2015
502.89
9.67
210.87
21.81
10449
2015-2016
637.56
15.13
495.11
32.73
45780
2016-2017
361.77
2.21
33.89
15.31
120
TOTAL
2202.68
39.63
1039.04
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
FINANCIAL
YEAR
As of 2017 data
02
02
02
02
In Assam, MNREGA
introduced in the state in 2006-07 in 7
districts as the first phase. The coverage
72133
Source: Govt. of Assam Portal
PHYSICAL PROGRESS REPORT
(Assam);2020-2021
APPROVED LABOUR
BUDGET
TOTAL HOUSEHOLD
WORKED
TOTAL INDIVIDUAL WORKED
AVERGAE WAGE RATE PER
DAY PER PERSON
WOMEN PERSON DAYS OUT
OF TOTAL %
PERSONDAYS GENERATED
SO FAR
TOTAL NO. OF HH
COMPLETED 100 DAYS OF
WAGE EMPLOYMENT
AVERAGE DAYS OF
EMPLOYMENT PROVIDED
PER HOUSEHOLD
was
was extended to 6 more districts in the
2nd phase that is in 2007-08 and since
6,50,00,000.00
2008-09 all 27 are being covered under
6,63,299.00
the programme.
8,73,941.00
ELIGIBILITY:
212.88
42.12%
89,86,913.00
60.00
13.55
All adult members (18 years and
PHYSICAL PROGRESS REPORT (INDIA)
TOTAL ACTIVE WORKERS
12,49,64,000.00
TOTAL HOUSEHOLD WORKED
3,78,30,000.00
TOTAL INDIVIDUAL WORKED
5,21,72,000.00
AVERGAE WAGE RATE PER DAY
PER PERSON
200.05
WOMEN PERSON DAYS OUT OF
TOTAL %
51.21%
above) of any family residing in Rural
India and willing to do manual unskilled
work.
Source: ruraldiksha portal
PHYSICAL PROGRESS REPORT (20-21)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
RURBAN: OVERVIEW
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
E. RURBAN
Development of a cluster of villages where the essence of rural community life would be preserved and nurtured
while focusing on equity and inclusiveness, without compromising on urban amenities, and therefore, creating a
cluster of “Rurban Villages”.
As per the census of India
statistics, the rural
population in India, stands
at 833 million, constituting
almost 68% of total
population.
The rural population has
shown a growth of 12% during
the 2001- 2011 period an there
has been an increase in the
absolute number of villages by
2279 units.
SHYAMA PRASAD MUKHERJEE
RURBAN MISSION, is designed to
deliver catalytic interventions to rural areas
on the threshold of growth.
02
02
02
02
02
THE RURAL
CONTEXT
(about the mission)
Large parts of rural areas in
the country are not standalone settlements but part of
a cluster of settlements,
which are relatively
proximate to each other.
KEY FEATURES.
- A ‘Rurban cluster’, will be with
-
These clusters typically
illustrate potential for
growth, have economic
drivers and derive locational
and competitive advantage
POPULATION of:
PLAIN & COASTAL- 25000 – 50000
DESER, HILLY & TRIBAL- 5000-15000
These clusters typically illustrate potential for
growth, have economic drivers and derive
locational and competitive advantages.
RURBAN
REDIFINING RURAL ARCHITECTURE
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
RURBAN: OVERVIEW
CLUSTER LEVEL
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
E. RURBAN
LARGER OUTCOMES:
Vermi composting for
Organic farming
Agro farming
VILLAGE LEVEL
-viz: economic, technological and
Piped water supply
Inter village road
connectivity
02
02
02
02
02
Solid Waste
Management
Skill
Development
Dairy farming
those related to facilities and
services.
• Stimulating local economic
HOUSEHOLD
LEVEL
LPG
connections
• Bridging the rural-urban divide
development with emphasis on
Individual
Toilets
reduction of poverty and
unemployment in rural areas.
E-gram facility
Village street
With drains
Street lights
Digital literacy
• Spreading development in the
region.
Upgradation of
Education facilities
Mobile health units
• Attracting investment in rural areas.
GAON BADHEGA, DESH BADHEGA
RURBAN MISSION
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
300
PHYSICAL PROGRESS: PHASE WISE
296
9
287
9
Total Cluster
Allocated By
Ministry
02
02
02
02
02
India
PARTICULARS
9
Cluster Approved ICAPs Approved By
Ministry
Assam
India
289
276
234
178
9
1
9
3
DPRs Approved Cluster Entry
ICAP Entry
By SLEC
Completed In Completed In
MIS
MIS
DPR Entry
Completed In
MIS
PHYSICAL PROGRESS
PARTICULARS
Assam
Total(INDIA)
PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 TOTAL
A. Cluster allocated
0
5
4
9
B. Cluster approved
0
5
4
9
C. ICAPS approved
0
5
4
9
D. DPR approved by SLEC
0
1
0
1
Physical Progress: Phases…
Physical Progress…
Assam
Digitization Status…
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
E. RURBAN
RURBAN: ASSAM PROFILE
Source : MoRD
A. CLUSTER ALLOCATED
B. CLUSTER APPROVED
C. ICAPS APPROVED
D. DPR APPROVED BY SLEC
20
15
10
5
0
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
As on 30.3.2020
DIGITIZATION STATUS REPORT
Total Cluster
Allocated By
Ministry
Cluster
Approved
ICAPs
Approved By
Ministry
DPRs
Cluster Entry ICAP Entry
DPR Entry
Approved By Completed Completed In Completed In
SLEC
In MIS
MIS
MIS
9
9
9
1
9
9
3
300
296
287
234
289
276
178
PHASE 3
INFERENCE
Though cluster approved
by ministry is 9 in
Assam, but DPR
approved by SLEC is only
one, leading to delay in
implementation of
project
Source : MoRD
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
RURBAN: ASSAM PROFILE
FINANCIAL PROGRESS REPORT
02
02
02
02
02
EXPENDITURE IN CRORE
Total CGF Approved
800
120
600
400
633,68
200
0
0
0
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
PHASE 3
PHASES
STATE WISE RELEASE OF CGF
Source : NurM report
DATA OF 2020-2021
2020-2021
INFERENCE
Total Investment Estimated
No state share
Convergence Amount Approved
has been
released till
date, against
the state share
eligible amount
of 12 crore.
A Central Share of CGF Released
753.68
633.68
Total CGF Approved
120
Central Share of CGF Eligible
108
Central Share of CGF Released
32.4
State Share Eligible
12
State Share Released
Administrative Fund Released
As on 30/3/2020
All Rs. In crore
0
3.15
Source : MoRD
B State Share Released
C Administrative Fund Released
RELEASED IN CRORE
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
E. RURBAN
Convergence Amount Approved
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
PHASE 3
PHASES
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
RURBAN: ASSAM PROFILE
S.NO CLUSTER
1
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
E. RURBAN
2
3
4
5
SUB-DISTRICT
HAJO RURBAN CLUSTER
KATIGORAH RURBAN
CLUSTER
BIHPURIA RURBAN
CLUSTER
SILONIJAN RURBAN
CLUSTER
DHAKUAKHANA
RURBAN CLUSTER
DISTRICT
CATEGORY
HAJO
KAMRUP
(RURAL)
NON TRIBAL
KATIGORAH
CACHAR
NON-TRIBAL
BIHPURIA
LAKHIMPUR
NON-TRIBAL
SILONJAN
KARBI
ANGLONG
TRIBAL
DHAKUAKHANA
DHEMAJI
TRIBAL
APPROVED CLUSTERS OF ASSAM
Though potential clusters of village
have been identified , 9 in the state,
still due to delay of DPRs getting
approved, the work isn’t progressing.
BIHPURIA
Even though central share have been
released, and state share is eligible for
02
02
02
02
02
12 crore rupees, the amount haven’t
been released till the date.
HAJO
KATIGORAH
SILONIJAN
DHAKUAKHANA
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
REPORT OF ALL STATES
Source : MoRD
02
02
02
02
02
02
PHYSICAL PROGRESS REPORT (20-21)
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
E. AAJEEVIKA
F. AAJEEVIKANRLM
AAJEEVIKA: ASSAM PROFILE
The Ministry of Rural Development is
implementing Deendayal Antyodaya
Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods
Mission (DAY-NRLM) across the
country in a mission mode with the
objective of organizing the rural poor
women into Self Help Groups (SHGs),
and continuously nurturing and
supporting them to take economic
activities till they attain appreciable
increase in income over a period of
time to improve their quality of life
and come out of abject poverty.
REPORT OF ASSAM
Source : MoRD
Source: ruraldiksha portal
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
ASSAM STATE RURAl LIVELIHOOD MISISON
ASSAM
POLICIES:
A.B. CENTRAL
YOJANA
AWAS
INDIRA
PMAYC. D.
GRAMIN
MNREGA
E. AAJEEVIKA
OF ASSAM
SOME EXAMPLES
1. VERMICOMPOSTING
02
02
02
02
02
02
2. RSETI UBI GOLAGHAT
3. BUILDING ENTERPRISE
Vermicomposting , a simple
Mrs. Monimala Bora Mohan is a house
biotechnological process of composting
wife from Mohmaiki Ahu Gaon, Bokakhat
where certain species of earthworms are
and helping her husband in traditional
used to transform organic waste into a
cultivation. For enhancement of their
nutrient-rich fertilizer . ASRLM has adopted it
household income they started a Poultry
as a good practice that can be replicated
Farm with 200 chicks but unfortunately
as a income generation activity of SHGs.
incurred loss because of the lack of
ASRLM is marching ahead together towards
knowledge in preventive steps.
capacity building on organic fertilizer and
henceforth paving ways of production and
usage of Vermicompost .
RSETI UBI GOLAGHAT
Net income before training –
5000/Net income after training 20,000/-
Sandhya Bhakta a member of
Abha SHG, under Karunabari
Block of Lakhimpur owns a
bakery unit making an income
of Rs. 32000/- per month.
After coming into the SHG fold
of ASRLM, Sandhya realized
that she has ample scope of
giving her family business a
growth.
Source: ruralassam portal
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
01
02
INTRODUCTION :
ASSAM
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
POLICIES OF CENTRAL :ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural housing
schemes in India
A. Central developed
policies
B. Indira Awas Yojana
C. PMAY – Gramin
D. MNREGA
E. AAJEEVIKA
F. DDUGKY
G. NSAP
H. SAGY
I. NRUM
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
01
02
INTRODUCTION :
ASSAM
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
POLICIES OF CENTRAL :ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural housing
schemes in India
A. Central developed
policies
B. Indira Awas Yojana
C. PMAY – Gramin
D. MNREGA
E. AAJEEVIKA
F. DDUGKY
G. NSAP
H. SAGY
I. NRUM
03
URBAN HOUSING POLICIES IN
ASSAM
A. PMAY-URBAN
B. Assam Urban
affordable housing
policy
C. State level schemes.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
01
02
INTRODUCTION :
ASSAM
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
URBAN HOUSING POLICIES IN
POLICIES OF CENTRAL :ASSAM ASSAM
A. The tale of Assam
B. Factors
influencing the
Built form
C. Evolution of rural
housing schemes in
India
D. Rural housing
schemes in India
A. Central developed
policies
B. Indira Awas Yojana
C. PMAY – Gramin
D. MNREGA
E. AAJEEVIKA
F. DDUGKY
G. NSAP
H. SAGY
I. NRUM
03
A. PMAY-URBAN
B. Assam Urban
affordable housing
policy
C. State level schemes.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-URBAN: OVERVIEW
PMAY-URBAN
OBJECTIVES OF PMAY-URBAN
HOME FOR EVERY INDIAN
PMAY-URBAN
A. PMAY -URBAN
mission launched on 25th June
Rehabilitati
on of those
who live in
slums.
To provide
credit
linked
subsidy
scheme to
individuals
To provide
individuals
with
affordable
housing
facilities
Provide
accessible
homes to
economic
ally weaker
sections
03
2015 which intends to provide
housing for all in urban areas by
year 2022.
CATEGORY OF BENEFICIARIES:
• Beneficiary under PMAY-U should
be EWS, LIG who are having
monthly income uptoRs.10,000/• Preference given to women
IN-SITU
In- Situ using
land as resource
with private
participation
Extra FSI/FAR
and TDR if
required.
Gol grant Rs. 1
lakh per house
CREDIT-LINKED
SUBSIDY
Subsidy for EWS &
LIG for new house
or incremental
housing
Upfront subsidy
@6.5% for EWS &
LIG for loans upto
Rs.6 lakh,
calculated at NPV.
AFFORDABLE
HOUSING IN
PARTNERSHIP
With private sector or
public sector
including Parastatal
agencies
Central assist. Of Rs
1.5 lakh per EWS
house where 35%
houses for EWS
headed family and disabled
BENEFICIARY
LED HOUSING
For individuals of
EWS category for
new house or
enhancement.
Central assistance
of Rs. 1.5 lakh per
beneficiary.
families.
• The coverage of SC/ST and
minority segments should be at
least in the same proportion as
the % of SC/ST and minorities
population in the concerned
ULBs.
FOUR VERTICALS OF PMAY-U
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-URBAN: ASSAM SCENARIO
State Progress (2014-2019)
Central assistance
House grounded House
House sanctioned
released
for construction completed
1780.39
864.96
346.93
57541
33376
2948
14424
387433.36
105736.71
34573.24
6885760
3695480
1359137
Source : PMAY Urban Portal (as on
2948
HHOUSE
OUSE
C OOCCUPIED
MPLETED
HHOUSE
OUSE
COMPLETED
O
CCUPIED
1324851
7th
Jan 2019)
INVESTMENTS IN
PROJECTS
346,93
1485
HOUSE
GROUNDED
FOR
CONSTRUCTION
1485
ASSAM
864,96
33376
PHYSICAL PROGRESS
ASSAM
02
HOUSE
SANCTIONED
House
occupied
167
57541
A. PMAY -URBAN
All level India
Central assistance
sanctioned
Physical progress (Nos)
1780,39
Assam
Financial Progress (Rs. In Crore)
CENTRAL ASSISTANCE CENTRAL ASSISTANCE
SANCTIONED
RELEASED
FINANCIAL PROGRESS
Project
proposed Investments in
considered projects
Physical Progress (2014-2019)
Houses Sanctioned
MH
Houses Completed
Houses Occupied
CLSS
ISSR
AHP
BLCS
CLSS
ISSR
AHP
BLCS
CLSS
ISSR
AHP
BLCS
CLSS
ISSR
AHP
BLCS
387
0
0
57541
387
0
0
29520
387
0
0
23
387
0
0
23
10187
487751
Total
All India Lvl
Houses Grounded for Construction
768926
354347
310389
2298772
141560
3780404
354347
35122 1027104 1754841 354347
95471
242
95255
127131 487751 354347
1567
Source : PMAY Urban Portal (as on 7th Jan 2019)
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
PMAY-URBAN: ASSAM SCENARIO
A. PMAY -URBAN
PMAY- U (BLC) COMPLETED HOUSES IN ASSAM
03
1. NAGAON
4. KHARUPATIA
3. GOHPUR
2. JORJAT
5. KAJALGAON
6. NARAYANPUR
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
ASSAM URBAN POLICY
ASSAM URBAN AFFORDABLE HOUSING POLICY
“Adequate, inclusive, safe and accessible affordable towards improving the quality of life.”
Housing for All: To have an inclusive and a comprehensive policy that
AFFORDABLE
URBAN
B. ASSAM
A. PMAY
-URBAN
HOUSING POLICY
has housing interventions for a wide range of housing needs and for all
strata of the society.
Quality of Housing: Take firm steps towards ensuring quality housing
that incorporates principles of adequate lighting and ventilation,
environment friendly technologies and materials, and disaster-proofing.
03
03
Quality of Life: To ensure that housing has access to all the necessary
basic, civic and social infrastructure. Reform: To institute long-term
measures for a continuous supply of affordable housing .
IN- SITU SLUM REHAB MODEL
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
ASSAM URBAN POLICY
STATE LEVEL SCHEMES:
01
Assam State housing Board Schemes
AFFORDABLE
URBAN
B. ASSAM
A. PMAY
-URBAN
POLICY
LEVEL SCHEMES
C. STATEHPSUING
In Guwahati, most of the public housing constructed by ASHB is through its rental housing
schemes for Grade III and Grade IV government employees
02
Janata Housing Schemes
In Janata housing scheme a maximum financial assistance amounting to Rs. 25,000/- is
provided, for construction of house, out of which Rs. 19,000/- is loan and Rs.6000/- is subsidy.
03
Apun Ghar Loan Schemes
Under the Apun Ghar scheme, the state government would provide housing loans at a subsidized
rate of 5% for its women employees and 5.5% for men employees. The loan would be provided
without any collateral security and processing fee.
03
03
03
04
Rental Housing Scheme for Grade III and Grade IV Government Employee:
The rental housing scheme is a continuing scheme under State Plan allocation. The main objective
of this scheme is to construct various types of low cost multi-storied R.C.C buildings category-wise
to provide subsidized rental accommodation to Grade III and Grade IV Government employee on
the ASHB’s own land in different places of Assam.
05
HUDCO finance for Composite housing schemes
Provide financial assistance in terms of loan only in category wise i.e. HIG, MIG, LIG and EWS with
HUDCO finance. Beneficiaries submit application to Assam State Housing Board and the same is
submitted to HUDCO for sanction. In this regard GoA has to stand guarantor for the purpose of
sanctioning of loan.
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
REFERENCES
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
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https://dibrugarh.gov.in/schemes/detail/pradhan-mantri-awas-yojana-urban
https://realty.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/residential/assam-to-build-83000-houses-under-new-affordablehousing-policy/62460598
https://www.sentinelassam.com/guwahati-today/process-of-land-purchase-and-sale/
https://vikaspedia.in/social-welfare/urban-poverty-alleviation-1/schemes-urban-poverty-alleviation/pradhan-mantriawas-yojana-housing-for-allurban#:~:text=Beneficiaries%20are%20eligible%20for%20an,lakh%20of%20those%20earning%20Rs.
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/wealth/borrow/you-can-still-get-benefit-under-pmay-even-if-your-parents-owna-home/articleshow/58003642.cms?from=mdr
https://pmaymis.gov.in/#
https://asrlms.assam.gov.in/portlets/success-stories-0
https://asrlms.assam.gov.in/
https://aajeevika.gov.in/en/content/state-missions
https://edaa.in/site/tilonia-radio/audio/mgnrega-slogan3#:~:text=MGNREGA%20Slogan%203%20%7C%20EK%20duniya%20anEK%20Awaaz
https://www.dnaindia.com/business/analysis-analysis-mgnrega-is-a-perfect-tribute-to-mahatma-gandhi-1505396
http://rurban.gov.in/index.php/Public_home/faq
https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/columns/slate/all-you-wanted-to-know-aboutmgnrega/article9539721.ece#
https://nrlm.gov.in/outerReportAction.do?methodName=showIndex
https://www.ardsassam.com/organization/
https://pnrd.assam.gov.in/latest/rurban-clusters-of-assam
https://des.assam.gov.in/information-services/state-profile-of-assam
https://pmayg.nic.in/netiay/Gaon-Vikas-Ki-Ore.aspx
https://pmayg.nic.in/netiay/Report/YearWiseHousesCompSchemePhaseWiseDistRpt.aspx
https://www.bajajfinserv.in/home-loan-indira-gandhi-awas-yojana
https://www.paisabazaar.com/home-loan/iay-indira-awas-yojana/
https://tnrd.gov.in/schemes/iay.html
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