Running head: THREE ARTICLES OF MALE VASECTOMY Three Articles of Male Vasectomy Masaru Chida Long Beach City College October 5, 2019 Laurie McKnight Brown 1 Three Articles of Male Vasectomy 2 Summarization and Evaluation of Three Articles Male vasectomy has been around for a long time. Males perform it to sterilized themselves. The subsequent paragraphs within this subtitle are summarization and evaluation of three articles regarding vasectomy. In the first article “Human sexuality in a changing world (10th edition),” Rathus, Nevid & Fichner-Rathus (2018) writes that vasectomy is the male sterilization procedure used today. Vasectomy is usually done in a doctor’s office. Vas deferens get cut and the ends are fastened. After the procedure, sperm won’t get to urethra anymore and instead gets reabsorbed by the body. The man can usually begin sexual activity again soon, but sperm can still be found in the ejaculate up to a month after the operation. Vasectomy does not lower sex drive. There has been some concern if there’s a connection between vasectomy and prostate cancer, but one study refutes that supposition. There is an operation to reverse a vasectomy. Estimates of success vary. However, vasectomized man still produces sperm so they can fertilize ova with methods, such as sperm injection. Vasectomies have few minor complications, such as inflammation or swelling after the procedure. This first article is straightforward. It also includes practical information, such as if the vasectomized man can engage in sexual activity afterward or if vasectomy increases the risk of prostate cancer. It informs the readers that there’s a reverse procedure and sperm injection method to fertilize ova. This is useful for readers who fear the permanency of infertility. Another strength of the article is it was written in 2018, so the information is fairly up-to-date. Its weakness is the simplicity. Information presented might not be enough for some readers. In the second article “Vasectomy,” Weiske (2001) writes that vasectomy is the safest method available to regulate male fertility, and there is no legal restriction. Methods of Three Articles of Male Vasectomy 3 vasectomy vary from ligation technique, fulguration technique to no-scalpel vasectomy. It is common to examine the cutout part and post-vasectomy semen. The patient should know if the vasectomy was successful or not through it. There are several causes of vasectomy failure. Vasectomy doesn’t reduce ejaculation volume, and testis continues to produce spermatozoa. The article states the alleged long-term effects of vasectomy from immunological effects to psychological alteration. It concludes with addressing the vasectomy reversal procedures and their high success rate. This second article is informative to readers who already have basic knowledge but want to know more about it. It is well organized the way it starts from the introduction that addresses general information about vasectomy, to more obscure information in the middle, to conclusion. Addressing of many vasectomy methods is useful for readers who want to have different options. The weakness of the article is it contains many technical terms, so readers might have to research those on their own. In the third article “Controversies in Vasectomy,” Millis and Millis (2018) start with writing that vasectomy is a simple and elegant procedure. Then, they write that vasectomy techniques vary. Vas ligation is efficient, but it has a failure rate of up to 13% depending on the study. Open-ended vasectomy has a higher failure rate for patients who may want to reverse the vasectomy in the future. Successful vasectomy should include elements such as low complication rate and predictability of the sample. Mucosal cautery appears to have a low failure rate. No-scalpel vasectomy has a lower morbidity rate. Vasectomy is a procedure with low complication and is cost-effective. The third article explains the various methods of vasectomy. It is informative, partly because it was written by two practicing physicians. Its strength is it provides insight to readers Three Articles of Male Vasectomy 4 which vasectomy methods are useful if they are thinking about reversing the vasectomy in the future. Another strength of the article is it was written in 2018, so the information is fairly up-todate. The weakness of the article is it doesn’t detail other aspects of vasectomy besides the various methods used. Comparison and Contrast of the Three Articles The biggest similarities of all three articles are the main subject, which is the vasectomy. They all also refer to reverse vasectomy. The first and second articles are similar since they both are very well rounded and mention various aspects of vasectomy from the procedure, the aftereffect and myth surrounding it. The first article and third article are similar since they are very concise, only a few pages long. They also were both written in 2018, so the information is fairly up-to-date. The second and third articles are similar since they mention different methods of vasectomy. They also use technical languages. The first article differs from the other two as it is for readers new to the subject of vasectomy and thus written entirely in plain English. The second article differs from the other two since it is for readers who want to expand the knowledge of vasectomy and thus goes indepth about various aspects of vasectomy. The third article differs from the other two as it goes into detail about different operating procedures. It also contains a picture of the authors and refers to vasectomy as “elegant.” Vasectomy is controversial, partly because people fear the permanency of infertility. However, as mentioned in all three articles, the reversal procedure is available. It is also a lowerrisk procedure with a high success rate while having many different methods of procedure. It’s important for more people to be informed of the truth about vasectomy, so we don’t rush to quick judgment of males who had the operation. Three Articles of Male Vasectomy 5 References: Rathus, S.A., Nevid, J.S., & Fichner-Rathus, L. (2018). Human sexuality in a changing world. 10th Edition. Hoboken, NJ: Pearson Higher Education. Weiske, W.-H. (2001). Vasectomy. Andrologia, 33(3), 125–134. https://libezproxy.lbcc.edu:2149/10.1046/j.1439-0272.2001.00445.x Mills, J. N., & Mills, S. A. (2018). Controversies in Vasectomy. AUANews, 23(5), 18. Retrieved from http://libezproxy.lbcc.edu:2057/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=129988895&site=ehostlive