Step Five B2.2
READING & TRAINING
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Daniel Defoe
Robinson Crusoe
4 What happened while sailing to
Barbados?
5 Why did the boat turn over?
6 What carried Robinson towards
the shore?
7 Where did Robinson lie down?
Page 30 – activity 5
KEY
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ACTIVITIES
AND
EXIT
TEST
Open answers.
Page 30 – activity 6
Daniel Defoe and his World
Page 10 – activity 1
1C 2A 3C 4D 5B 6B 7A 8B
9 B 10 C
Part One
Page 12 – activity 1
Open answers.
Page 12 – activity 2
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York
Spaniards
law
would be easy and pleasant
desperate or very fortunate
money
middle state
become a soldier
he spoke about his son/
Robinson’s brother
10 a few days
11 to persuade his father to
Page 27 – activity 1
1B 2A 3C 4B 5D
Page 28 – activity 2
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He was born in York.
From Hull.
The ship sank because of a storm.
Robinson went to London.
5 Robinson signed up for a voyage
to Africa.
6 Yes, it was.
7 The ship was attacked by the
Turks.
8 He was taken to the port of Sallee.
9 He was made a slave.
10 While fishing, Robinson pushed
Ismael into the water and sailed
with Xury to the African coast.
Page 29 – activity 3
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All Saints’ Bay, Brazil
a sugar planter
because he needed help
to ask a friend to send him some
money
in the form of English goods
he bought himself a negro slave
four years
there were very few and they cost
a lot of money
to go with them to Africa to buy
slaves
Page 29 – activity 4
1 When did the ship leave?
2 When did a hurricane hit their
ship?
3 What was the weather like after
12 days?
1 horrible 2 unlucky 3 poor
4 remember 5 wise 6 elderly
7 unenthusiastic 8 failure 9 empty
10 slavery 11 cruelty
Page 31 – activity 7
1 foolish 2 cruelty 3 wealthy / poor
4 boring
Page 31 – activity 8
1 His 2 when 3 During 4 one 5 by
6 how 7 another 8 time 9 After
10 them 11 In 12 became 13 later
14 there 15 to
The Slave Trade
Page 35 – activity 1
1 England, France and Portugal.
2 Sugar cane was brought from the
West Indies to New England, rum
was then traded on the West
Coast of Africa for black slaves
who were sold to plantation
owners in the West Indies.
3 Slavery in the southern states was
one of the reasons which led to
the American Civil War of 1861.
Slavery was abolished at the end
of the war.
Page 35 – activity 2
Part Two
Page 36 – activity 1
1C 2E 3B 4D 5H 6K 7I 8G
9 F 10 A 11 J 12 L
Page 36 – activity 2
Open answers.
Page 49 – activity 1
A 2 B extra C 6 D 4 E 0 F 7 G 5
H1 I3
Page 49 – activity 2
1 Because he had just escaped death
by drowning.
2 Because he realised that he was
alone without food, clothing or
shelter.
3 If they had not left the ship.
4 He swam to the ship.
5 That he was on an island.
6 He built a raft.
7 Food, clothes, tools, guns, bullets,
prayer books and a Bible.
8 He started taking pieces of the
ship itself.
Page 50 – activity 3
1A 2D 3B 4C 5A 6D 7B 8D
9 C 10 A 11 C 12 D
Page 51 – activity 4
1 but there were no wild beasts on
the island
2 he had no clothes
3 but he has been able to supply
himself with many things
4 he felt singled out to lead this
solitary life
5 but he was not starving
6 he was stranded on an island
Open answers.
2
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Page 51 – activity 5
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to look for
had not left
would leave it
(that) somebody would rescue
wanted me to spend
don’t have anything to
because I had worked hard
gun for hunting or defending
refused to go
does God choose to ruin
Page 52 – activities 6-8
Open answers.
Alexander Selkirk (1676-1721)
Page 57 – activity 1
1 He wrote a bestselling book about
Selkirk, the original Robinson
Crusoe.
2 He had lived for four years alone
on a small island off the coast of
Chile.
3 To avoid going before the court of
the Scottish church.
4 He himself told the captain of his
ship to leave him on the island
because he thought the ship was
not seaworthy.
5 It’s off the coast of Chile.
6 He was terrified.
7 To eat the rats that chewed on his
clothing and feet.
8 Because he did not want to forget
how to speak.
9 He was happy living there.
Page 57 – activity 2
Open answer.
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Part Three
Page 58 – activity 1
1C 2A 3A 4B 5C
Page 58 – activity 2
1 a footprint
2 Open answer.
Page 68 – activity 1
1 To store gunpowder.
2 There were seeds in the bag, and
when Robinson shook out the bag,
the seeds fell on the ground and
began to grow.
3 Because the barley reminded him
of home. Also, at first he thought
it was a miracle, or in other words,
that God was looking after him.
4 The chance of the barley surviving
and growing there was quite small.
5 He had grown a fence of trees.
6 An earthquake.
7 On the other side of the island.
8 He had a fever.
9 He was terrified as he was alone
and ill.
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Page 70 – activity 5
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I felt like the lord of the island.
To protect myself from the sun.
In order to escape.
I filled my time with work and the
praise of God.
5 I found a man’s footprint.
6 I was terrified.
7 I went home and hid.
Page 71 – activity 6A
1C 2G 3B 4D 5A 6H 7F 8E
1 If Robinson had been satisfied
with the middle state he would
have listened to his father’s
advice.
2 If he had listened to his father’s
advice, he would not have gone to
sea with a friend.
3 If he had not gone to sea with a
friend he would not been aboard
the ship during a terrible storm.
4 If he had not been aboard a ship
during a terrible storm he would
not have thought God was
punishing him.
5 If he had not thought that God
was punishing him he would not
have promised God to return to
his father.
Page 69 – activity 3
Page 72 – activity 6B
1 so 2 afterwards 3 but 4 then
5 Although 6 After 7 and 8 because
9 However 10 As a result 11 because
12 also 13 so 14 When
1 I – If Robinson had not found
guns on the boat he could not have
hunted on the island.
2 E – If Robinson had not decided to
go to Africa he would not have
been captured by the Turks.
3 B – If Robinson had not fallen ill
he would never have truly repented.
4 D – If Robinson had encountered
wild beasts on the island he would
Page 68 – activity 2
Page 70 – activity 4
1 war 2 beers 3 wed 4 birth
5 time 6 woods 7 pays 8 blessed
9 near
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have been eaten alive.
5 C – If Robinson had not drunk
rum with his friend, he would have
remembered his promise to God.
6 H – If Robinson had kept his trust
in God, he would not have been
afraid when he saw the human
footprints.
7 A – If Robinson had been satisfied
with his life in Brazil, he would not
have decided to go to Africa a
second time.
8 G – If Robinson had returned to
Brazil with slaves he would have
made a lot of money.
Mercantilism:
Trade, Wealth and Colonies
Page 77 – activity 1
1 W – He said that trade
generated wealth.
2 R
3 R
4 DS
5 R
6 W – He was a frequent visitor to
the coffee houses.
7 W – Almost everybody could
afford it.
8 R
9 R
10 R
Page 78 – activity 2
Open answer.
Part Four
Page 80 – activity 1
1B 2A 3A 4B 5C
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Page 80 – activity 2
Open answer.
Page 92 – activity 1
1G 2A 3L 4D 5I 6C 7E 8J
9 N 10 F
Page 93 – activity 2
1D 2B 3C 4D 5B 6A 7B 8B
Page 94 – activity 3
1 Robinson dreamt he saw some
savages on the beach with a
prisoner.
2 The prisoner ran to the thick woods
in front of Robinson's house.
3 The prisoner asked Robinson to
help him.
4 Robinson felt happy.
5 Robinson saw five canoes on the
shore.
6 They started cutting him up for
their feast.
7 The other prisoner began to run
towards Robinson's house.
8 One of the followers stopped
chasing the prisoner because he
could not swim and so couldn't
cross the river.
9 Robinson hit one of them with his
gun and shot the other.
Page 95 – activity 4
1 true
2 false – The savage didn’t hurt
Robinson.
3 true
4 false – Robinson didn’t
understand the savage’s words.
5 false – The savage used
Robinson’s sword.
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6 false – The savage buried the
bodies in the sand.
7 false – The savage was about
twenty-six years old.
8 true
Page 95 – activity 5
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Page 100 – activity 1
Novel
Characters
Comments
Daniel Defoe
Robinson Crusoe
Robinson Crusoe
(white) and Friday
(black), Crusoe’s
servant
An optimistic story;
positive human
qualities are
important. The white
man is shown as
superior.
Jules Verne
The Mysterious
Island
Cyrus Smith (welleducated, American
engineer) and Nab
(freed, black slave)
Inspired by Robinson
Crusoe: with a white
man and his black
slave.
R. M. Ballantyne
The Coral Island
Three boys
The three boys are
shown as the
dominating civilizing
forces in their
dealings with
different natives.
William Golding
Lord of the Flies
A group of
schoolboys – the
survivors of a plane
crash
A book for young
people. Not very
optimistic as it
shows the worst in
people.
Michael Tournier
Vendredi ou la vie
sauvage
Friday and Robinson Friday becomes
Robinson’s ‘guide’
helping him with his
relationship with
nature.
J. M. Coetzee
Foe
Susan Barton, Cruso
and his black slave
Friday.
Author
Page 95 – activity 6
Page 96 – activity 7
A
Desert Islands Survivors in Literature
Open answer.
Possible answer:
Robinson did not think it was just to
attack the savages because they had
not done anything to him. I believe
that he was right. First, he felt that
only God can judge a whole nation,
and second Robinson could see that
he would have to keep killing
‘savages’ once he began. In the end,
he would be no better than the
Spaniards who had massacred the
Native Americans. It is especially
interesting that Robinson realises
that different cultures have different
standards, and that it is not up to
him to decide who is right or wrong.
Even if Robinson reasons with the
ideas of an English Protestant of
more than three hundred years ago,
his ideas are still relevant today,
especially in our cities where we can
encounter people from all over the
world with customs different from
our own.
E
A different outcome
as Cruso dies and
Friday becomes the
protagonist of the
novel.
1C 2C 3A 4A 5D 6D 7A 8D
9 A 10 D
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Page 100 – activity 2
Open answer.
Isla Más a Tierra:
Robinson Crusoe Island
Part Five
Page 116 – activity 1
Page 101 – activity 1
Open answer.
Open answer.
Page 117 – activity 2
Page 101 – activity 2
Open answer.
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Part Six
not to kill him.
make bread.
began to love him.
a child.
were like Robinson.
would need a large boat.
made him.
the god of
Page 110 – activity 1
1G 2C 3D 4A 5E 6F
Page 111 – activity 2
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let me go fishing
made Robinson become
get him to lead
made Robinson remember /
made him forget
made Friday understand
let him carry
made Robinson think
got me to come
makes (or made) him clean
will let us use
Page 112 – activity 3
Open answers.
Page 118 – activity 1
Open answer.
Page 118 – activity 2
1B 2B 3C 4C
Page 130 – activity 1
1 because the creature was his father
2 for the Spaniard and Friday’s father
3 because one of them was Catholic,
one was Protestant and one Pagan
4 to have enough food for when the
other people from the mainland
arrived
5 to bring back the other white
people.
Page 130 – activity 2
1A 2B 3C 4C 5A 6C 7B 8D
Page 131 – activity 3
1 27 2 3 3 white 4 attack
5 Spaniard 6 killed 7 escaped
8 canoe 9 cried 10 danced 11 father
12 pagan 13 Catholic 14 send 15
mainland 16 ship 17 English 18
prisoners 19 captain 20 rebelled 21
island 22 leaders 23 begged 24 left
25 28 26 hat 27 money 28 35
© 2008 Black Cat Publishing,
an imprint of Cideb Editrice, Genoa, Canterbury
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Page 134 – activity 5
Open answers.
Page 136 – activity 6
1 it 2 with 3 about 4 like 5 this
6 Like 7 when 8 builds / makes
9 go 10 However 11 which
12 between 13 own 14 most
Page 137 – activity 7
Example answer:
My Robinson’s name is Rob Sonny. He
is a bachelor who is ‘shipwrecked’ in a
small apartment in the centre of a
large modern city. He has no friends
and he has been alone in the big city
ever since he came to work there from
a small town where he knew
everybody. He eats frozen, canned and
ready-made foods from the local
supermarket. Once he sees a special
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kind of cake from his hometown,
which makes him feel very sad and
spiritual (like the barley scene). His
apartment is not in very good
condition and he has to invent many
things to survive in it – duct tape
around the water pipes, the hairdryer
to open the window which freezes
shut in the winter, a large peanutbutter-lined jar to catch roaches and a
kind of rear-view mirror in the hallway
to make sure no suspicious-looking
people are around. His Friday is a
young man from Nicaragua who does
the cleaning. He teaches his Friday –
whose nickname just happens to be
‘Viernes’ – English and Friday
teaches him Spanish. The cannibals
are a Spanish-speaking gang in the
neighbourhood.
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Contexts
who Robinson Crusoe was written by;
where and when he was born;
what you remember about his life;
what other works he wrote;
what the period he lived in was characterised by.
Comprehension check
2 In a continuous passage explain:
•
•
•
•
what family Robinson belonged to;
why he went to sea;
how many voyages he made before he was shipwrecked;
what were the most striking experiences he had during these voyages
and what he learnt from them;
• how he reacted to being stranded on a desert island;
• what he mainly missed there;
• when he felt quite satisfied and contented.
Interpretation
3 Say:
1 what kind of man you think Robinson is (pessimistic/ optimistic,
active/passive, fatalistic, cruel, generous... etc.);
2 if he may be considered a forerunner of modern entrepreneurs;
3 how much religious spirit is present in the novel and how religious
Robinson himself is;
4 how he behaves to savages and natives;
5 what the main themes of the story are and if there is a final message.
Key sentences
4 Who said...?
1 It was a terrible storm.
2 Do you call that a storm?... That was nothing. Let’s drink some rum and
forget about it.
3 Young man, you should never go to sea again.
4 Poor Robinson Crusoe!
5 Why do you want to send me away? Do not send me away! It is better
to kill me.
6 if I save you, sir… you must promise to accept me as your leader and be
faithful to me.
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Activity 1
1 Write a continuous passage stating:
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Photocopiable © 2008 Black Cat Publishing
Robinson Crusoe was written by Daniel Defoe, who was born in London in 1660.
Defoe was brought up in a Dissenting or Puritan family. He was a merchant and
initially had success, but became bankrupt in 1692 after some risky business
ventures. After this he became more interested in journalism and began
publishing political pamphlets and a political newspaper, The Review. He
published Robinson Crusoe in 1719 and it was immediately successful.
His other works include: The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Captain
Singleton Moll Flanders and Roxana.
Daniel Defoe lived in a pre-industrial society that was beginning to expand
rapidly.
Activity 2
Robinson Crusoe belonged to a merchant family. He went to sea because it was
his only desire but he had made only three voyages before he was shipwrecked.
During his first voyage there were several bad storms and Robinson was very
sick and frightened. His second voyage was very successful and he made some
money. His third voyage finished badly as they were taken prisoner by Turkish
pirates. At first, when he was stranded on the desert island, he was thankful to
God for having survived the shipwreck. Then he feelt desperate when he realised
his terrible situation. However, he soon became very enterprising: he saved what
he could from the ship wreck and made himself a house. However, Robinson
missed human company on the island. After about 10 months on the island he
felt quite satisfied and contented. His days were full of work and prayer.
Activity 3
1 Optimistic and active.
2 Yes, he is very enterprising.
3 The theme of religion runs through the whole novel. At the beginning
Robinson is not particularly religious but this changes gradually until a lot of
his time is taken up with prayer and bible reading.
4 His behaviour can be compared to that of the imperial British. Although the
island is not his, he behaves as if he is the master of the island and superior
to the natives.
5 The main themes are: religion and colonisation.
Activity 4
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Robinson
Robinson’s friend
The captain of the ship on Robinson’s first voyage
Robinson
Friday
Robinson
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