Employment - 10 Commerce
Employment booklet V3 (new syllabus) 2020 – McDonald
What contribution does work make to the wellbeing of individuals
and society?
1. Small group discussion – What contribution does work make to the wellbeing of individuals and
society?
2. What is the current unemployment
rate?
3. Compare this to the same time in
2019. Why is this so different
1
Starting work:
Assume you don’t currently have a job – select one that you can apply for now?
Use websites like Seek and company websites to find a job in the local area that you can do on a
casual and/or Part-time basis
Job title:
________________________________________________________________
Company name:
________________________________________________________________
Location:
________________________________________________________________
Job description:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Personal attributes required by the employer:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Use the definitions below to determine which employment option is being offered
_________________________________________________________________________________
1. Casual — usually employed on an hourly basis without access to entitlements but receive a loading to
compensate.
2. Part time — work regular hours but fewer per week than full-time employees and receive entitlement on
a pro rata basis.
3. Full time — generally work 38 hours a week and have continuing employment with a range of
entitlements.
4. Self-employed — an individual who works for himself or herself.
5. Voluntary and unpaid — an individual provides services without any expectation of compensation
2
How do I get the job I want? – resume and
interview skills
For the above role you will prepare a resume (1 - 2 lessons). You will bring this to your next lesson
where you will be interviewed by a panel of your peers.
Ideas on what to include in your resume:
• Personal details – (name, address, phone, email)
• Education and courses – (e.g. your High School as well as Tafe or personal interest courses)
• Awards and achievements – (e.g. Celebration Assembly award for academic achievement
2018; Inclusion in the Gifted and Talented program, Excellent results and teacher feedback for
the past 4 years)
• Employment history (leave out if you have none) – remember you can include voluntary work,
work experience programs and babysitting
• Skills (Computer, personal)
• Referees:(someone that will say nice things about you – e.g. your Commerce teacher)
For more ideas on how to format your resume, go to ‘Youth Central’ at
http://www.youthcentral.vic.gov.au/jobs-and-careers/applying-for-a-job/what-is-a-resume/how-to-writea-resume or search the websites of recruiters and databases like Seek.
Ideas on what type of interview questions your panel will ask you:







Tell me a little about yourself.
Why do you want this position?
What are your biggest weaknesses?
What are your biggest strengths?
Tell us how you will balance work, study and your social life
Out of all the other candidates, why should we hire you?
Sometimes you will be asked behavioural interview questions
that require you to give an example of how you have
responded in a particular situation. In this case you will talk about the Situation, what action
you took and the result e.g. Give me an example of a time when you’ve been involved in
solving a dispute between others at work or school
Panel feedback:
Strengths
Weaknesses
3
Which would you hire and why?
Activity: Film a ‘what not to do’ interview to show the class
Reflection space: what did I learn about the interview process?
4
Summary: employment options
Employment Option
Casual
Advantages
Part-time
Full-time
Self Employed
Volunteer
5
Disadvantages
Why do the workers of the future need to be chameleons?
Suggest how these cartoons reflect real changes to the current and future workplace?
Industries effected could include:
-
Agriculture, trade + construction, sales, office workers
Reasons for change:
-
$
-
Faster
6
-
Automation
-
robotics
Watch ABC Corners, ‘Future Proof’ and make notes on the changing nature of the labour market
Having to learn new skills to be able to get a job in the future or if you don’t want to get new skills you
wont get as good jobs
Read 2 articles from the list below and write down 1-2 sentences to summarise the ‘big idea’ of the
article
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Are schools preparing our children for the workplaces of the future? by Four Corners | ABC News | 4 Jul 2016 http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-04/children-need-digital-literacy-education-to-future-proof-them/7561188
Can the major parties deliver on their promise of more jobs over 10 years, and just who are these jobs for? | Lateline | 30
Jun 2016 - http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2016/s4491584.htm
Digital disruption could threaten 40 per cent of jobs, says Productivity Commission | The World Today | 15 Jun 2016 http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-15/digital-disruption-could-threaten-40pc-of-jobs/7512778
When Your Colleague Is A Robot: How 5G Will Connect Humans And Machines In Tomorrow's Factories | Forbes | 14 Jun
2016 - http://www.forbes.com/sites/huawei/2016/06/14/when-your-colleague-is-a-robot-how-5g-will-connect-humans-andmachines-in-tomorrows-factories/
Fifteen-year-olds can expect to have more than 17 jobs in five different industries over their working lives. So, why aren't
they ready? | SMH | 3 May 2016 - http://www.theage.com.au/comment/australian-youth-are-not-prepared-for-the-future-workforce20160501-gojiji.html
Describe 2 ways in which the modern labour market has changed in recent years
7
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Consider: How might this information shape your selection of a career for the future?
8
Getting the skills and training
for your career
Identify a career that you may consider in your future:
______________________________________
Research 2 ways in which you may gain qualifications and skills
for this role:
Institution
Qualification
Entry
requirements
Cost
Location (s)
Outline the benefits of such training:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
9
Note space: Careers research using UAC books and websites
10
Employee rights – pay and conditions?
The terms of employment are set out in an agreement such as an Award or an Enterprise agreement.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAnTURcb-dY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaYr2EfnK4w
1. Awards: Legally binding documents containing minimum terms and conditions of employment
e.g. wages, hours of work, allowances, leave, superannuation and redundancy entitlements. They
cover employees across Australia who work in the same industries and occupations and apply to
most workplaces. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaYr2EfnK4w]
2. An Enterprise agreement - A negotiated agreement about pay and conditions made at a
workplace level between the employees/union and the employer
3. A common law contract - cover those employees who are not under any award or enterprise
agreements. They are more common among professional and managerial employees. Such
contracts are signed individually and are secret; that is, not open to public scrutiny.
Activity: Discuss which employment option you would prefer to be employed under. Justify your
answer
11
Activity: Research one Award on the Fair Work
Australia website
-
Name the Award (in full)
What type of employees are covered by this award
What terms and conditions are employees entitled to? (pay, holidays, increases in pay,
superannuation)
How is this award beneficial to both employees and employers
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Use the Fair Work Ombudsman’s website (www.fairwork.gov.au) and outline the role of the
Ombudsman by using the “About Us” link. Select an area of interest and explain how this information
can be useful for an employee
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
12
Rights and obligations of employees and
employers
All employment contracts establish legally binding rights and obligations for both parties. The
obligations of each party are reflected in the rights of the other party.
No award or Enterprise agreement may pay less or offer fewer conditions that those outlined in the
Fair Work Act 2009 (cth), National Employment Standards – these apply to permanent staff
How well do the NES reflect the values and ethics of our society?
13
Legal issues in the workplace
1. Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) - The safety and
protection of employees at work is important. Under the
Work Health and Safety (WHS) Act 2010, employers must
ensure that their workplace is safe; their machinery is
regularly inspected and maintained; and that protective
clothing and training are provided.
2. Sexual harassment covers a wide range of behaviour from
comments on a person’s physical appearance to display of
pornographic images to actual contact. Australian workers
are protected by the Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cth) that
makes this unlawful.
3. For many years discrimination was widespread in the workplace. Women, older employees
and migrants were particularly affected. New laws have been introduced, including the Racial
Discrimination Act 1975 (cwth), the Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cwth) and the Age
Discrimination Act 2004 (Cwth) that now make it illegal to discriminate on the grounds of:
Gender, ethnicity, or sexual orientation; Physical or mental disability Religious faith or political
opinions; Marital status, family responsibilities, pregnancy or potential pregnancy
4. Unfair dismissal is when an employee is sacked (or threatened with the sack) and they believe
the dismissal is harsh, unjust or unreasonable. Under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) an
employee who believes they have been unfairly dismissed can apply to fair Work Australia for
reinstatement and/or compensation.
5. Redundancy occurs when the job a person is doing is no longer required to be performed,
often due to technological changes.
6. Privacy - When you are employed , chances are that someone is monitoring your performance
and behavior. Many businesses monitor employee telephone conversations, web hits, ,
keystrokes, completion time and emails. Some companies use close circuit TV cameras to
watch employees. Such monitoring raises a number of ethical issues. There is a growing
concern over the invasion of privacy as businesses try to protect themselves from theft, misuse
of company time and resources and unsafe work practices.
7. Outsourcing - The contracting of some tasks to outside suppliers. For example, school
cleaning is outsourced to outside suppliers. Those in favour of outsourcing argue that resources
are used more efficiently and it provides employment opportunities. Those against argue that it
results in reduced job security and a lack of employment entitlements.
8. Piecework - Pieceworkers are people who are paid according to the number of items that they
make. The advantage of such a scheme is that it encourages effort and rewards those that are
efficient. As seen in the textile industry however, it can result in workers being employed at very
low rates.
14
Case study: work health and safety
1. Name the piece of legislation that addresses workplace health and safety:
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Examine the cartoon below and list all the unsafe work practices.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
15
3. Visit the SafeWork NSW website at http://www.safework.nsw.gov.au/ and identify one common
injury. Explain how injury and/or death ws caused and identify strategies now in place to prevent
such injuries
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. Undertake a workplace health and safety inspection of Castle Hill High School. Following this
inspection, make 3 recommendations to the Principal on how they can reduce WHS risks and
possible legal action.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
16
5. Identify likely work place health and safety issues in the following jobs:
Job
Auto mechanic
Potential WHS Issues
Scientist
Teacher
Miner
Police officer
17
6. Discuss whether employers have the right to randomly drug test people. Prepare you points below.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Resources:
Example of Worksafe NSW educational videos for employers and staff https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pg7PLo6Yvng&list=PLbi-niu1pEg2p7H_jq9oTy3QlTdvIQT2Z
Safe work ad - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EcIfaNn1JoY
18
What use is a union to me?
A trade union is an organisation that looks after workers in a particular job or industry. Members pay a
fee to finance the union’s operations. The working conditions experienced by many of today’s
employees are the result of past trade union action. By joining together, workers were able to approach
employers and bargain with more strength for improved pay and conditions. Australia, for example,
was the first country to legislate the eight-hour working day.
Unions generally aim to:
 protect the interests of union members; for example, by
undertaking campaigns and negotiations for increased pay rates
 improve the working conditions of members; for example, by
monitoring health and safety
 Ensure fair treatment of employees at work; for example, by
preventing unfair dismissals
 promote quality of life issues; for example, by limiting work hours
What organisations represent employers?
Employers also have found it necessary to join together to protect their common interests. The
Australian Industry Group (AIG) is a peak industry association, representing about 60 000 businesses.
Other important associations include the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Business
Council of Australia (BCA) and the Australian Retailers Association (ARA). These and other
associations have as their main roles to:
 represent employers in dealings with trade unions
 give advice and assistance on a wide range of issues such as taxation, industrial relations and
employment legislation
 lobby governments with their memberships' views.
In some cases, an employers' association will negotiate with a union to establish a new set of pay and
conditions. At other times, an association will represent its members before an industrial relations
tribunal. These services are a great benefit to all members, especially small business owners.
Employers' associations have always been involved in lobbying governments. Over the years, they
have set up a number of research offices to provide economic and industrial advice to their members
and the public. Their representatives often appear in the media to present and discuss the employers'
views on current workplace and economic issues.
Activity:
1. Research the role of one union in NSW and one employer group (name, workers or type of
businesses represented, example of successful negotiation, strikes etc) – assess their
relevance in contemporary workplaces
2. In small groups, set up a classroom trade union to negotiate with your employer (Mrs
McDonald) – name the Union, list your claims and explain what you are prepared to bargain to
get what you want
19
Note space:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
20
How can I solve problems with my employer?
Resolving workplace disputes can be time consuming and very expensive, especially if an adversarial
court case is involved. So, over the past 20 years, alternative methods have been set up to help
resolve disputes. The main methods, in the order in which they normally occur depending on the
seriousness of the dispute, are:
Grievance Grievances are complaints that an employee has formally recognised with a manager
procedures or union representative. Grievances usually occur when an employee thinks they have
been unfairly treated. To reduce the risk of these low-level complaints blowing out into
a major confrontational issue, most businesses have developed a system of grievance
procedures: a number of predetermined steps that are followed to resolve a dispute.
Negotiation a method of resolving disputes where the parties involved discuss the issues in an
attempt to reach a compromise. Effective negotiators are not motivated by trying to
beat the other person, some ‘give and take’ may be required in an attempt to reach a
compromise solution. Successfully negotiating a resolution to a dispute usually results
in all the parties feeling good about the decision and committed to the end result.
Mediation
When a third party helps those involved in a dispute to reach a solution acceptable to
both sides. Mediators do not act for either of the parties, nor do they advise or decide
who is right or wrong. Their main role is to encourage the parties to examine all the
issues. Discussions are confidential and held in a non-threatening environment. The
main advantage of mediation is that both parties will feel that they have achieved
something by themselves and it provides a win–win solution where no-one is seen to
‘lose’
Conciliation similar to mediation in that a third person, in this case Fair Work Australia helps settle
a dispute by trying to get both parties to reach a mutually acceptable solution- by
(FWA)
offering advice and suggestions.
Arbitration
(FWA)
When Fair Work Australia arbitrates, it makes a decision that is legally binding; that
is, both the employer and employee must accept the decision. The main disadvantage
of arbitration is that both parties may feel they have lost some control over the process
and the final outcome compared to a mediated or conciliated decision.
21
Activities
1. What is meant by the term ‘grievance procedure’?
2. Explain the difference between:
 negotiation and mediation
 conciliation and arbitration.
3. What is the similarity between mediation and conciliation?
4. What is the main role of a mediator?
5. Briefly outline the possible benefits of a mediated resolution both for employers and employees.
6. If you were in dispute with a classmate about sitting in a specific seat, would you prefer your
teacher to conciliate or arbitrate? Why?
7. What is the advantage of a win–win solution when resolving a dispute?
Note space:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
22
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
8. Scenario role play: You own Castle Hill Robotics and one of your sales representatives has
found out that his workmate is being paid more than him. He refuses to go back to work until his
matter is resolved. You will be asked to solve this grievance or dispute by negotiation OR
mediation OR conciliation OR arbitraton. To prepare for this you should first complete the Fair
Work Australia (preparing for a difficult conversation online course: go to
http://fairwork.cls.janison.com/Auth/Login?ReturnUrl=/ and select ‘proceed as a guest”
23
Why do I have to pay tax?
Goods and services that are mostly provided by governments. They include schools, hospitals,
defence forces and social welfare payments. To pay for these goods and services, the government
needs to raise money, which it does through taxes. Taxes are the main source of revenue (as
government income is called).
Types of taxes
Over time, taxes have been placed (imposed) on many unusual items such as hats, beds, baths,
windows, marriages and even funerals. History also records that a Turkish ruler collected a tax each
time he dined with one of his subjects. Why? To pay for the wear and tear on his teeth! In Australia,
there are a number of different taxes, but the one most likely to affect you in your working life is
personal income tax where a percentage of each worker’s earnings is given to the federal government.
How much tax you pay depends on how high your income is because income tax rates vary according
to income.
Pay as You Go income tax (PAYG) The most common method of paying
personal income tax is through the Pay
As You Go (PAYG) system. It generally
applies to wage and salary earners.
Your employer deducts tax out of each
pay and sends this in to the Australian
Taxation Office (ATO). The PAYG
system is based on a tax year starting
on 1 July and ending the following 30
June.
24
Tax calculations: How much tax do each of the following people pay?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Jane who earns $12,000 pa (per annum = per year)
Mr Jones who earns $90,000 pa as a Commerce teacher
Jack who earns $120,000 pa as a plumber
John Ahmed who earns $450,000 pa as a surgeon
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
25
The federal government also gains revenue from:




company taxes paid by businesses out of their profits
excise duty, a special tax placed on cigarettes, alcohol and petrol
customs duty, a tax on imported goods
capital gains tax, a tax on profits made on the sale of assets such as property and shares.
Since 2000, Australia has also had a Goods and Services Tax (GST). This is payable on most goods
and services sold, with the major exception of fresh food. The GST is a tax that is applied at each
stage of production but paid by the final consumer. Ten per cent of the price of each purchase is
returned to the federal government in GST. This money is then passed on to the state and territory
governments.
Processes of paying taxes
Tax File Number (TFN) declaration - When you start a new job, you should complete a TFN declaration
form. The ATO will use the information you provide on this form to determine the amount of tax
automatically deducted from your pay. If you have more than one job, you must complete a form for
each employer. Australia’s tax system works on self-assessment. This means that you must show
your assessable income and claim only the deductions and offsets (formerly called rebates) to which
you are entitled. An income tax return has to be completed and returned to the ATO at the end of the
financial year. The ATO will then check your return to determine whether you have paid enough tax. If
you have not, you will have to pay more tax. If you have paid too much tax, the ATO will give you a
refund.
Activity – answer the following questions in the space provided
1. Why do governments tax people?
2. Which tax raises the most revenue for the federal government?
3. What do the following letters represent? Provide a brief explanation of each.




ATO
PAYG
GST
TFN
4. When should a tax file number declaration form be completed? What is its purpose?
5. ‘We would all be better off if we did not pay taxes, but provided for our own needs and wants.’
Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer.
6. PAYG income tax is a progressive tax; that is, the proportion paid in tax increases when income
increases. Do you think this type of tax system discourages people from working? Give reasons
for your answer.
26
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
27
What is superannuation and how do I get it?
Superannuation (super) is a compulsory savings scheme whereby your employer contributes
part of your wage or salary (currently 9 per cent) into a special type of investment account
known as a superannuation fund. These funds are then invested to increase their value before
they are paid to you when you retire.
Employees can choose to contribute to this fund also, thus increasing the overall amount they will
receive on retirement. How much the employee chooses to contribute is up to him or her. The
government encourages employees to make personal contributions by allowing some contributions to
be tax deductible. Also, through the super co-contribution scheme, low- and middle-income earners
receive a payment from the government for every after-tax dollar they contribute to their
superannuation. There are laws in place that determine when you are eligible to access your
superannuation savings. Recent changes have made it attractive to remain working until at least age
60. Those who have the financial resources to do so are well advised to plan ahead for retirement, so
they can be self-funded retirees. This means putting aside money now (while you are young and able
to work) for when you get older and no longer have a regular income. Some people choose to invest
their money in property, shares, term deposits or managed funds. Normally, the longer you leave your
money in a super fund, the more it grows. However, the global recession caused by the global financial
crisis has decreased superannuation fund values. Some people will put off retirement until their funds
recover, while some retirees may need to reduce their expected level of income.
Advantages and disadvantages of superannuation as a saving/investment option
Advantages







A forced saving scheme.
The money is automatically deducted
and invested.
The value increases over time.
It allows you to maintain your lifestyle
into old age.
You can change super funds, under
certain circumstances.
You are given the right to select which
investment options you prefer.
Your super fund stays active even when
you change employers.
Disadvantages





Most people have to wait until they are 60
before they can access their super funds.
Super fund investments may lose value over
time.
The government does not guarantee the
safety of super funds.
Administration and management fees are
charged by the super funds.
Taxation must be paid on certain lump sum
payments.
Activities
1. What is meant by the term ‘superannuation’?
2. Why do young people often regard superannuation as irrelevant?
3. How does the government encourage people to contribute to superannuation?
28
4. What is the obligation of employers towards employees in relation to superannuation?
6. What is the legal age for retirement? Explain.
7. A friend has come to you for advice about superannuation. Outline the advantages and
disadvantages of superannuation as a saving/investment option.
8. Why do you think the government encourages older workers to remain in the workforce?
9. According to this cartoon, what are some of the consequences of being ill-prepared for
retirement?
10. What problems may result from a rapidly ageing population and a declining birth rate? Share
your answer with the rest of the class.
11. Read the case study above. Why do you think Jason made the correct decisions regarding his
superannuation contributions?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
29
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
30
31
32
33