A Very Brief Overview of
English History
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Md6z5x4
nCF0
Aim for Today
• To develop understanding of where the Angevin
period fits in to the chronology of British
history.
• To apply your existing knowledge to achieve
this.
Time Travel
• With a partner, start at the last event of the
Cold War you learned about at GCSE and go
back as far as you can in major time periods
from there.
British History in Reverse:
British History in Reverse:
• Traveling backwards we find the Angevin kings just
before the reign of Henry III.
• It was the reign of these kings that led to some key
subsequent events like:
• Hundred Years War
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/timelines/british/index_embed.shtml
http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-100years-war-england-vs-france.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xGMevE
pNGY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aBSH3IoF
Zsc
British History in Reverse:
• To therefore understand where issues in the Angevin reigns
came from, it makes sense that we must travel to BEFORE
them ...
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/timelines/british/index_embed.shtml
TASK
• Add notes to a simple timeline up to 1135
from the vital points, highlighted in red.
Ancient Britons
Roman Empire at its height
Romans invaded Britain in
AD43 when they conquered
the southern part of England.
th
5
century A.D410
Last Roman soldiers leave
Britain to fight in other parts of
the Empire and never return.
By AD425 Britain had ceased to
be Roman.
“You must look to
your own defences”
Emperor Honorius
5th century A.D.
Start of AngloSaxon raids on
England.
Eventually they
settle in England.
Christianity
Augustine's mission in 597 AD from
Pope Gregory the Great to King
Aethelbert of Kent resulted in the
King being baptised.
This created a strong alliance
between Christianity and Kingship.
Christianity
Augustine centred his mission
around Canterbury where he
established a monastery church.
th
7
century
3 realms emerged:
1. West – Remains of
Britannia (Celts)
2. East – Saxons
3. ‘Angleland’ Angles invaders
from Denmark and
Germany
Anglo-Saxon England
c800AD
England was divided into
separate kingdoms, ruled
by their own king.
The most important were:
•Northumbria
•Mercia
•Wessex
Anglo-Saxons call
themselves “Englis” and
their homeland Engle-land.
793: Start of Viking
raids from
Scandinavia
860s
Northumbria,
Mercia and East
Anglia taken over
by Danes.
Danes start to
settle in England.
Alfred the Great
AD 871-899
King of Wessex
Defeated the Danes at the
Battle of Eddington in 878
Signed the Peace of
Wedmore (878).
Peace of Wedmore (878)
The Danes
would settle in
the Eastern part
of England,
known as
Danelaw.
Rise of the
House of
Wessex
This was at the
expense of Mercia.
Athelstan
(AD 934-9)
First king to rule
all of England
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wPhiIkvU04&list=PLSX5ddjFENGEba_rnKhunmx7gJZ-NFM3I
Æthelred II
the “unready”
(AD 978-1016)
Married twice inc. Emma
of Normandy.
Danes attack England
Danegeld paid in 991,
994, 1002.
St Brice’s Day Massacre
(1002)
Sweyn
Forkbeard
Attacked England as a result of
the St Brice’s day massacre as
one of his female relatives had
been killed.
Returned to England in 1013
with his son, Canute. Defeated
Mercia and Northumbria.
Declared himself king in 1013 but
died the next year.
Edmund II
“Ironside”
(AD 1016)
Son of Æthelred II the Unready
At the battle of Abingdon, Canute II of
Denmark defeats Edmund. They agree
to divide the kingdom.
Edmund is assassinated a few months
later and Canute takes the throne as
King Canute of England.
AD 1016-1035
• King of England &
King of Denmark
• England became
part of
Scandinavian
Empire
• Married Emma of
Normandy, widow
of Æthelred.
Harold I
“Harefoot”
(AD 1035-40)
Son of Canute by his first
‘marriage’.
Usurps the throne from his
half-brother, Harthacanute,
the rightful heir, who is away
fighting in Denmark.
Harthacanute
(AD 1040-42)
Son of Canute and Emma of
Normandy.
Spent reign persecuting his
half-brother’s (Harold
Harefoot) supporters.
Invited Edward (half-brother)
to return to England in 1041.
Died at a marriage feast.
Edward
‘the Confessor’
AD 1042-1066
Son of Æthelred II
and Emma of
Normandy
The treasures at
Sutton Hoo
Newspaper article in
2009
Anglo-Saxon
treasure found in
Staffordshire
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwWKqBwaEHo&list=PLSX5ddjFENGEba_rnKhunmx7gJZ-NFM3I&index=2
King Harold II
(Harold Godwinson)
AD Jan-Oct 1066
In a disputed
succession, Harold
Godwinson seized
the throne but his
right to rule was
disputed.
King Harold II
(Harold Godwinson)
King Harold II
(Harold Godwinson)
William I
(the Conqueror)
AD Oct 1066- 1087
William conquered
England in the years
following the Battle of
Hastings.
He increased the power
of the monarchy
through a strong feudal
structure.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4thhJiPAZT0&index=3&list=PLSX5ddjFENGEba_rnKhunmx7gJZ-NFM3I
William II
(Rufus)
AD 1087-1100
Rufus was given
England but also
took over
Normandy from his
brother Robert.
Henry I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9Pb8ikzisE&t=103s
AD 1100-1135
After Rufus’s
unexpected death,
Henry seized the
throne. His key
achievement was
the strengthening
of royal control.
Stephen
(and almost Matilda)
AD 1135-1154
Stephen was
crowned in the
succession crisis of
1135 but his claim
was debateable
and war ensued…
Why Study the Angevins and
the Medieval World?
From our discussions so far, and with the
help of Dan Jones, give your own reasons
as to why this is an significant period to
study in our past.
The story so far …
Just as you must follow the plotline of
the book in English Literature, so in
History you must keep up with the story
of events.
You can also return to this simple
narrative to add the detail and
judgements that are key …