Philip II (1527-1598)
king of Spain and Portugal
king of the Spaniards from 1556 to 1598
and as king of the Portuguese (as Philip I)
from 1580 to 1598.
Notable Family Members
Spouse: Mary I
Father: Charles
Daughter: Isabella Clara Eugenia
Son: Carlos De Austria, Philip III
Early life

Philip's life was shaped in large part by his father, Charles V

From 1543 Charles conferred on his son the regency
of Spain whenever he himself was abroad.

Philip received his education in Spain

The first marriage was with his cousin Maria of
Portugal in 1543.
How he became king?

Philip had received the duchy of Milan from Charles V in 1540 and
the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily in 1554 on the occasion of his
marriage to Mary of England.

On October 25, 1555, Charles resigned the Netherlands in Philip’s
favor and on January 16, 1556, the kingdoms of Spain and the
Spanish overseas empire.
What is Philip known for?

Philip II is remembered both for his successes and for his failures

Under Philip, the Ottomans were defeated (1571)

The spread of Protestantism in Italy and Spain was prevented, and a
literary Golden Age began.

His reign as Spain's king began the Golden Age, a period of great
cultural growth in literature, music and the visual arts. He was also the
King of England through his marriage to Mary Tudor for four years.
Accomplishment

He made the Spanish Armada of 1588 to conquer England, who had
been married to Queen Mary but her sister Queen Elizabeth declined the
proposal and decided to attack English with 131
men and he defeated them successfully.
ships, and 17,000
Philip’s Failure!!

As a ruler, Philip was stubborn, bitter, and paranoid—and
his court was no better

The

it failed to suppress the revolt of the Netherlands
(beginning in 1566),

it sacrificed the “Invincible Armada” to the English in
1588.
failures of Philip’s government were great:
Quotes of Philip II
 “I
would rather lose all my lands and a
hundred lives than be king over heretics.”
 “O
how small a portion of earth will hold us
when we are dead, who ambitiously seek
after the whole world while we are living.”