A.S.T.M Test
NYLON NYLON NYLON NYLON
Method
TYPE
CAST
TYPE 6 TYPE 66
612
TYPE 6
1.12 Specific Gravity
D792
1.14 - 1.1
1.06
1.15
1.14
Water Absorption Method A
D570
2.9
1.24
0.25
-=Tensile strength at yield, 1000 psi
D638
9.4
12
8.8
11 - 14
Elongation at yield, %
D638
25
>150
7
10
Elastic Modulus in Tension, 10~5
D638
-=4.4
-=3.5 - 4.5
psi
Flexural Strength at yield, 1000
NO
NO
D790
16
16 - 17.5
psi
YIELD
YIELD
Elastic modulus in flexure, 10~5
D790
1.50
4.1
2.95
-=psi
Rockwell Hardness (Method A)
D785
R104
88
R114
R112
Izod impact strength, ft-lb/in.
D256
2.2
1.2
1.5
-=notch 1/8 in. speciman
Deform. under load(2000 psi;
D621
-=0.8
1.6
0.5 - 1.0
122f), %
Deflection temperature, F at 66
D648
340
450
356
400
psi fiber stress
Max recommended service
-=175
270
290
200 - 225
Temp., F continuous use
Coeff. of Linear Thermal
4.5 x
D696
4 x 10~5
5 x 10~5 5.0 x 10~5
Expansion, F
10~5
Underwriters' Lab Rating (Subj.
-=HB
V-2
V-2
-=94)
Dielectric strength, v/mil, short
D149
-=555
650
500
time
Dielectric constant at 60 Hertz
D150
7.2
4.0
4.0
3.7
Dielectric constant at 1
D150
3.7
3.5
3.5
3.7
MegaHertz
Dissipation factor, at 60 Hertz
D150
-=0.02
.02
-=Dissipation factor, at 1 MegaHertz
D150
0.12
0.03
0.2
-=Volume resistivity, ohm-cm
D257
10~12
10~15
10~15
-=Arc resistance (SS Electrode), sec.
D495
-=123
-=-=
PROPERTIES
Nylon 66
Nylon 66 has most of its properties beyond Nylon 6. This kind of material can be applied for parts
that require high mechanical strength and high temperature resistance especially in automotive
industries
Applications
- Automotive
[Air filter, Oil Filter, Radiator, Air intake, Inter cooler]
- Electrical & Electronic
- Cable tie
What is Polyamide (Nylon)?
Polyamides or Nylon is the major engineering and high performance thermoplastics
class because of its good balance of properties. Polyamides contain repeating amide
linkages i.e. –CO-NH–. It is formed by condensing identical units, copolymers for
different units.
Polyamides (or Nylon) are made from polycondensation of diacid with a diamine or
by ring-opening polymerization of lactams with 6, 11 or 12 carbon atoms.
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The monomers may be aliphatic, semi-aromatic or aromatic (aramids)
They may be amorphous, semi-crystalline and of greater or lesser crystallinity
Chemical Properties
Nylon 6, 6 fibres is more resistant to acids or alkalis in comparison with nylon 6 fibre because of
light intermolecular forces present in the structure. The fibre is unaffected by most mineral
acids, except hot mineral acids. The fibre dissolves with partial decomposition in concentrated
solutions of hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid. The fibre is soluble in formic acid. In
a similar way, the fibre is attacked by strong alkalies under extreme conditions otherwise it is
inert to alkalis. The fibre can be bleached by most of the bleaching agents. The fibre is mostly
insoluble in all organic solvents except some phenolic compounds.
The fibre has excellent resistance to biological attacks. Prolonged exposure to sunlight causes
fibre degradation and loss in strength.
The fibre can be dyed by almost all type of dyestuffs like direct, acid, metal-complex, chrome,
reactive, disperse and pigments. However only acid and metal complex dyes are preferred
because of higher fastness properties.
PROPERTIES AND USES OF NYLON 66
Nylon comes from a family of synthetic polymers known
as polyamide . It was first introduced by Wallace Carothers on
28th February 1935.Nylon 6,6 is a polyamide made by
polycondensation of adipic acid methylenediamine , and contains a
total of 12 carbon atoms in each repeating unit . The properties
which make Polyamides suitable for plastic applications are
resistance to toughness , thermal stability , good appearance ,
resistance to chemicals etc .The advantages of Nylon 66 are-
1.Nylon 6,6 persues excellent abrasion
resistance and a high melting point .
2.Nylon 6,6 has high tensile strength and exhibits only half of
shrinkage in steam .
3. It also provides a very good resistance to photo degradation .
4.Nylon 6,6 also has good advantage over industrial products
because it reduces moisture sensitivity in raw products and has a
high dimensional stability and melting point .
The fact that makes Nylon 6,6 resistant towards heat and fraction
and enables it to withstand the heat for retention is that it has a
melting point of 268 degree C for a high synthetic fibre . The
physical properties of nylon 6,6 is that :
1. Nylon 6,6 has a repeat unit with molecular weight of is 226.32
g/mol and crystalline density of 1.24 g/(cm)^3 .
2.Nylon 6,6 has long molecular chains resulting in more hydrogen
bonds , creating chemical springs and making it very resilient .
3. Nylon 6,6 is an amorphous solid so it has a large elastic property
and is slightly soluble in boiling water .
4.Nylon 6,6 is very stable in nature.
5. Nylon 6,6 is very difficult to dye but once it is dyed it has a high
colorfastness and is less susceptible to fading .
6. Its chemical properties does not allow it to be affected by
solvents such as water , alcohol etc .
The applications of Nylon 6,6 is : > Because Nylon is a light
material , it is used in parachutes .
> Nylon 6,6 is waterproof in nature so it is also used to make
swimwear.
> Nylon 6,6 having a high melting point make it more resistant to
heat and friction so it is suitable to be used in in airports , offices
and other places which are more liable to wear and tear
.
> Nylon 6,6 being waterproof
in nature is used to make machine parts. It is also used in the
following like airbags , carpets , ropes . hoses etc . Hence Nylon 66
is a very useful creation by mankind .
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS :
QUE > What are the properties of Nylon 6,6 ?
ANS > The physical properties of nylon 6,6 includes:
1. Nylon 6,6 has a repeat unit with molecular weight of is 226.32
g/mol and crystalline density of 1.24 g/(cm)^3 .
2.Nylon 6,6 has long molecular chains resulting in more hydrogen
bonds , creating chemical springs and making it very resilient .
3. Nylon 6,6 is an amorphous solid so it has a large elastic property
and is slightly soluble in boiling water .
4.Nylon 6,6 is very stable in nature.
5. Nylon 6,6 is very difficult to dye but once it is dyed it has a high
colorfastness and is less susceptible to fading .
6. Its chemical properties does not allow it to be affected by
solvents such as water , alcohol etc .
QUE> point out some advantages of Nylon 6,6 ?
ANS> The advantages of Nylon 66 is THAT :
1. Nylon 6,6 persues excellent abrasion resistance and a high
melting point .
2.Nylon 6,6 has high tensile strength and exhibits only half of
shrinkage in steam .
3. It also provides a very good resistance to photo degradation .
4.Nylon 6,6 also has good advantage over industrial products
because it reduces moisture sensitivity in raw products and has a
high dimensional stability and melting point .
QUE > How is Nylon 6,6 chemically formed?
ANS> Nylon 6,6 is a polyamide made by polycondensation of adipic
acid methylenediamine , and contains a total of 12 carbon atoms
in each repeating unit .Nylon 6,6 has a repeat unit with molecular
weight of is 226.32 g/mol and crystalline density of 1.24 g/(cm)^3
. Nylon 6,6 has long molecular chains resulting in more hydrogen
bonds , creating chemical springs and making it very resilient .
QUE> What are the applications of Nylon 6,6 ?
ANS>The applications of Nylon 6,6 is : Because Nylon is a light
material , it is used in parachutes . Nylon 6,6 is waterproof in nature
so it is also used to make swimwear.Nylon 6,6 having a high
melting point make it more resistant to heat and friction so it is
suitable to be used in in airports , offices and other places which
are more liable to wear and tear.
Nylon 6,6 being waterproof
in nature is used to make machine parts. It is also used in the
following like airbags , carpets , ropes . hoses etc
preparation of nylon 66
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
nylon 66 Introduction : Nylons are some of the most important fibers produced commercially.
A lot of nylon produced ends up clothes. But nylon can be more than just fibers. It is also up
as other everyday things likes ropes, tents, airbags and toothbrush bristles. Nylon 66 lends
itself well to make 3D structural objects. Nylon 66 is also a popular guitar nut material.
3. Materials : 1. Hexamethylenediamine [1 ml] 2. Sebacoyl chloride [1 ml] 3. Hexane[25 ml]
4. NaOH [1-2 palettes] 5. Water[20ml] 6. Beakers 7. Glass stirring rod
4. Procedure : 1. Take 1ml of sebacoyl chloride and 25ml of hexane mix it a beaker. 2. In the
other beaker take 20ml of water and mix 1ml of hexamethylenediamine and one palette of
NaOH. 3. Then wait for sometime till NaOH palettes are totally dissolved in
hexamethylenediamine solution. 4. After dissolving of it add the sebacoyl chloride solution
into hexamethylenediamine solution. 5. Then wait for sometime the solution turns to sticky
manner 6. Then by using glassrod slow rotate the rod and take nylon 66 from it.
5. 7. As shown in figure….
6. 8. For the good apperence we added phenolphthalein to the solution 9. then the solution
changes colourless to pink because of the presence of NaOH as shown in figure
7. 10. At last this is the Nylon 66…. As shown in figure
8. Conclusion : Formed Nylon 66 can be extruded and granulated at this point or directly
spun into fibers by extrusion through a spinneret and cooling to form filaments
Nylon 66 Uses
Nylon 66 is a type of polyamide or nylon. Nylons come in many types, and the
two most common for textile and plastics industries are nylon 6 and nylon 6 6.
Nylon 66 is made of two monomers each containing 6 carbon atoms,
hexamethylenediamine, and adipic acid, which give nylon 6 6 its name.
Nylon 66 Uses:
Nylon 66 is frequently used when high mechanical strength, rigidity, good
stability under heat and/or chemical resistance are required It is used in fibers
for textiles and carpets and molded parts. For textiles, fibers are sold under
the Cordura brand for luggage, but it is also used in airbags, apparel for
carpet fibers under the Ultron brand. Nylon 66 lends itself well to make 3D
structural objects, mostly by injection molding finding broad use in auto
application under the hood such as radiator end tanks, rocker covers, air
intake manifolds, oil pans and numerous other structural parts such as ball
bearing cages, electro-insulating elements, pipes, profiles and various
machine parts.zip ties, conveyor belts, hoses, polymer framed weapons, and
the outer layer of turnout blankets. Nylon 6 6 is also a popular guitar nut
material
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Additional Information on Nylon 66:
Chemical formula: (C12H22N2O2)n
Density: 1.314 g/mL (Zytel)
Melting point: 507 °F (264 °C)