Utilization of The Cloud in Indonesia Michael S. Sunggiardi Inventor concept: Warung Internet 1995 RT-RW-Net 1999 Bogor Cyber City 1999 History of Cloud • • • • Super Computing Cluster Computing Grid Computing Distributed Computing Super Computing • Supercomputers were introduced in the 1960s and primarily designed by Seymor Cray, called "the father of supercomputing" • Supercomputers is a massive computer with hundreds or thousands of CPUs sharing common memory and I/O • Cray XT5 Jaguar is currently the fastest supercomputers in the world achieving 1,75 petaflopfs (quadrillion calculations per second) on November 16, 2009 Seymour Roger Cray (September 28, 1925 – October 5, 1996) By 1960, at the age of 34, Seymour had established his reputation for genius in designing high performance computers. He had completed the design of the Control Data 1604, the first computer to be fully transistorized and had begun the design of the first system that earned the title of supercomputer, the CDC 6600 which was also the first major system to employ three-dimensional packaging and an instruction set that was later to be referred to as RISC. Quad to Six Core The XT5 Jaguar, located at Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee, recently received a refresh that included upgrading its quad-core CPUs to hex-core Opteron processors. That means a 2.3 petaflop per second theoretical performance peak (”nearly a quarter of a million cores”), and 1.75 petaflops measured by the Linpack benchmark. FLOPS Name yottaFLOPS zettaFLOPS exaFLOPS petaFLOPS teraFLOPS gigaFLOPS megaFLOPS kiloFLOPS FLOPS 1024 1021 1018 1015 1012 109 106 103 In computing, FLOPS (or flops or flop/s, for floating-point operations per second) is a measure of a computer's performance, especially in fields of scientific calculations that make heavy use of floating-point calculations, similar to the older, simpler, instructions per second. Cluster Computing • Another approach to build a supercomputer, as adopted by Google • A cluster (group) of hundreds of thousands of COTS* low cost computers interconnected via fast LAN, configured so that they appear as a single machine. • Achieve high availability and scalability. • Typically cluster computing is much more cost effective than a single supercomputer. *COTS: Commercial off-the-shelf Parallel Virtual Machine The Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) is a software tool for parallel networking of computers. It is designed to allow a network of heterogeneous Unix and/or Windows machines to be used as a single distributed parallel processor. Google Data Center The Data Center Grid Computing • Early 1990s Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman came up with a new concept of "The Grid: Blueprint for a new computing infrastructure“ • Expand the techniques of cluster computing where multiple independent computer clusters act like a grid due to their nature of not being located in a single administrative domain, as distributed and large scale cluster computing, as well as a form of network distributed parallel processing Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman Dr. Carl Kesselman is Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering and a Fellow in the Information Sciences Institute in the Viterbi School of Engineering at the University of Southern California. Dr. Kesselman also serves as Chief Scientist of Univa Corporation, a company he founded with Globus co-founders Ian Foster and Steve Tuecke. Dr. Foster is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Association for Computing Machinery, and the British Computer Society. He was a co-founder of Univa UD, Inc., a company established to deliver grid and cloud computing solutions. Globus Toolkit Scientists in the National Fusion Collaboratory are learning to use the Access Grid and Globus Web services to participate remotely in pulsed plasma fusion experiments. The remote interface provides sensor readings, data analysis, audio, and video available in the control room and allows the team to discuss what is happening. The Access Grid is integrated with Grid services and applications using the Globus Toolkit's security and communication libraries. Distributed Computing • Multiple CPUs across multiple computers over a network, working together to solve distributed computing problems • A process is split up into parts that run simultaneously on multiple computers communicating over a network • A form of parallel programming. Parallel programming usually means vector processing of data or multi tasked programming. Distributed Computing Cloud Computing • Integrate the concept of IaaS - PaaS - SaaS - Web 2.0 and related technologies (ex MapReduce, Ajax, Virtualization) • Based on the internet cloud to satisfy the computing needs of the users on demand • A distributed computing model • In the internet cloud use dynamic, scalable and virtualized computing resources to provide we services The Cloud Systems The Cloud Systems Software as services • A model of software deployment whereby a provider licenses an application to customers for uses as a service on demand • Globally and remotely access and manage commercial software via web • No client side software/hardware installation, maintenance update. Reduce total cost of ownership • Integration of interconnected software services, Mashups Software as services Providers • Trend Micro Hosted Security • Google Apps • Salesforce.com Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Marc Benioff (Salesforce) Platform as services • By salesforce.com. Delivery of a platform as a service for building and hosting web applications • Cloud based web application development testing, deployment, hosting lifecycle Platform as services Providers • Force.com (from salesforce.com) • Google App Engine • Microsoft Asure Services Platform • Amazon Web Services Infrastructure as services • (originally Hardware as a Service, HaaS) delivery of computing infrastructure as a service • Platform/hardware virtualization environment • Server, Network equipment, RAM, disk, CPU etc • Dynamic resource allocation based on the needs of your applications • Only pay for what you use Infrastructure as services Providers • Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) - a web service that provides resizeable compute capacity in the cloud Integrate the concept of IaaS - PaaS - SaaS Web 2.0 • The web as a platform - Communication - Information sharing - Collaboration - Interaction - Content • Delivery of web sites to users as services • Allow users to run software applications via browsers Solutions for The Poor Cloud No Need; • to buy expensive hardware and sophisticated computer systems at the office • to recruit qualified technician • to upgrade software and antivirus Less Rp PALAPA Ring Eastern PALAPA Ring Are we ready? • We have a lack of broadband infrastructure, specially at rural and eastern part of Indonesia! Hybrid Private and Public Cloud SOLUTION 1 NIX KPU/USO • Using a NIX (Nusantara Internet Exchange) for a local data center SOLUTION 2 Virtualization Virtualization Properties • SOLUTION 3 Virtualization Layer • • • • Encapsulation of OS and application into virtualization layer Isolation Hardware independence Flexibility Separation of OS and hardware Virtualization Automated Resource Assurance Dynamic Balancing Continuous Optimization + Increased Availability Automated Across Applications X + On Demand Capacity Non-disruptive Scaling Flexible, Reconfigurable Wireless Licenses • Use of wireless technology with Indonesian licenses (BHP) to connect to ISP/Open IIX SOLUTION 4 Wait For a Good Time • I still do not need the cloud system SOLUTION 5 Thank You michael@sunggiardi.com
